lOMoARcPSD| 13728229
lOMoARcPSD| 13728229
, lOMoARcPSD| 13728229
Chapter 01: Nursing Practice in Canada and Drug Therapy
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
Sealock: Lilley’s Pharmacology for Canadian Health Care Practice, 4th Edition
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
MULTIPLE CHOICE qy
1. Which is a judgement about a particular patient‘s potential need or problem?
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
a. A goal qy
b. An assessment qy
c. Subjective data qy
d. A nursing diagnosis
qy qy
ANS: D qy
Nursing diagnosis is the phase of the nursing process during which a clinical judgement is made abo
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
o heath conditions and life processes or vulnerability for that response.
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge qy qy
2. The patient is to receive oral furosemide (Lasix) every day; however, because the patient is unable t
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
ake medication orally, as ordered. The nurse needs to contact the physician. What type of problem i
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
a. A ―right time‖ problem
qy qy qy
b. A ―right dose‖ problem
qy qy qy
c. A ―right route‖ problem
qy qy qy
d. A ―right medication‖ problem
qy qy qy
ANS: C qy
This is a ―right route‖ problem: the nurse cannot assume the route and must clarify the route with th
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
right time‖ problem because the ordered frequency has not changed. This is not a ―right dose‖ probl
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
related to an inability to swallow. This is not a ―right medication‖ problem because the medication
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
t the route.
qy qy
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application qy qy
3. The nurse has been monitoring the patient‘s progress on his new drug regimen since the first dose an
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
gns of possible adverse effects. What nursing process phase is the nurse practising?
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
a. Planning
b. Evaluation
c. Implementation
d. Nursing diagnosis qy
ANS: B qy
Monitoring the patient‘s progress is part of the evaluation phase. Planning, implementation, and nurs
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
ated by this example.
qy qy qy
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application qy qy
4. The nurse is caring for a patient who has been newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
s an outcome criterion for this patient?
qy qy qy qy qy qy
a. The patient will follow instructions.
qy qy qy qy
b. The patient will not experience complications.
qy qy qy qy qy
c. The patient adheres to the new insulin treatment regimen.
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
d. The patient demonstrates safe insulin self-administration technique.
qy qy qy qy qy qy
ANS: D qy
Having the patient demonstrate safe insulin self-
qy qy qy qy qy qy
administration technique is a specific and measurable outcome criterion. Following instructions and
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
not specific criteria. Adherence to the new insulin treatment regimen is not objective and would be
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application qy qy
, lOMoARcPSD| 13728229
6. The nurse is working during a very busy night shift, and the health care provider has just given the n
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
over the telephone, but the nurse does not recall the route. What is the best way for the nurse to avo
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
a. Recopy the order neatly on the order sheet, with the most common route indicated
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
b. Consult with the pharmacist for clarification about the most common route
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
c. Call the health care provider to clarify the route of administration
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
d. Withhold the drug until the health care provider visits the patient
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
ANS: C qy
If a medication order does not include the route, the nurse must ask the health care provider to clarif
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
administration.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application | Cognitive Level: Analysis
qy qy qy qy qy qy
7. Which constitutes the traditional Five Rights of medication administration?
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
a. Right drug, right route, right dose, right time, and right patient
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
b. Right drug, the right effect, the right route, the right time, and the right patient
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
c. Right patient, right strength, right diagnosis, right drug, and right route
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
d. Right patient, right diagnosis, right drug, right route, and right time
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
ANS: A qy
The traditional Five Rights of medication administration were considered to be Right drug, Right rou
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
Right patient. Right effect, right strength, and right diagnosis are not part of the traditional Five Rig
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension qy qy
8. What correctly describes the nursing process?
qy qy qy qy qy
a. Diagnosing, planning, assessing, implementing, and finally evaluating
qy qy qy qy qy qy
b. Assessing, then diagnosing, implementing, and ending with evaluating
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
c. A linear direction that begins with assessing and continues through diagnosin
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
g, planning, and finally implementing
qy qy qy qy
d. An ongoing process that begins with assessing and continues with diagnosin
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
g, planning, implementing, and evaluating
qy qy qy qy
ANS: D qy
The nursing process is an ongoing, flexible, adaptable, and adjustable five-
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
step process that begins with assessing and continues through diagnosing, planning, implementing, a
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
h may then lead back to any of the other phases.
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application qy qy
9. When the nurse is considering the timing of a drug dose, which is most important to assess?
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
a. The patient‘s identification qy qy
b. The patient‘s weight qy qy
c. The patient‘s last meal qy qy qy
d. Any drug or food allergies qy qy qy qy
ANS: C qy
The pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of the drug need to be assessed with regard to
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
food interactions or compatibility issues. The patient‘s identification, weight, and drug or food allerg
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
‘s timing.
qy
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application qy qy
10. The nurse is writing nursing diagnoses for a plan of care. Which reflects the correct format for her n
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
a. Anxiety
b. Anxiety related to new drug therapy qy qy qy qy qy
c. Anxiety related to anxious feelings about drug therapy, as evidenced b
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
y statements such as ―I‘m upset about having to give myself shots‖
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
d. Anxiety related to new drug therapy, as evidenced by statements such as ―I‘
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
m upset about having to give myself shots‖
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
, lOMoARcPSD| 13728229
Chapter 02: Pharmacological Principles
qy qy qy
Sealock: Lilley’s Pharmacology for Canadian Health Care Practice, 4th Edition
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
MULTIPLE CHOICE qy
1. A patient is receiving two different drugs, which, at their current dose forms and dosages, are both a
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
n in identical amounts. Which term best denotes that the drugs have the same absorption rates?
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
a. Equivalent
b. Synergistic
c. Compatible
d. Bioequivalent
ANS: D qy
Two drugs absorbed into the circulation at the same amount (in specific dosage forms) have the sam
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
are bioequivalent. ―Equivalent‖ is incorrect because the term ―bioavailability‖ is used to express the
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
―Synergistic‖ is incorrect because this term refers to two drugs given together whose resulting effec
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
the effects of each drug given alone. ―Compatible‖ is incorrect because this term is a general term u
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
stances do not have a chemical reaction when mixed (or given, in the case of drugs) together.
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension qy qy
2. A patient is receiving medication via intravenous injection. Which information should the nurse prov
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
a. The medication will cause fewer adverse effects when given intravenously.
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
b. The medication will be absorbed slowly into the tissues over time.
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
c. The medication‘s action will begin faster when given intravenously.
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
d. Most of the drug is inactivated by the liver before it reaches the target area.
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
ANS: C qy
Intravenous injections are the fastest route of absorption. The intravenous route does not affect the n
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
he intravenous route is not a slow route of absorption, and the intravenous route does not cause inac
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
liver before it reaches the target area.
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension qy qy
3. Which is true regarding parenteral drugs?
qy qy qy qy qy
a. They bypass the first-pass effect. qy qy qy qy
b. They decrease blood flow to the stomach.
qy qy qy qy qy qy
c. They are altered by the presence of food in the stomach.
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
d. They exert their effects while circulating in the bloodstream.
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
ANS: A qy
Drugs given by the parenteral route bypass the first-
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
pass effect, but they still must be absorbed into cells and tissues before they can exert their effects. E
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
rally), not parenteral drugs, decrease blood flow to the stomach and are altered by the presence of f
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
ral drugs must be absorbed into cells and tissues from the circulation before they can exert their eff
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
effects while circulating in the bloodstream.
qy qy qy qy qy
DIF: Cognitive Level: Analysis qy qy
4. A drug‘s half-life is best defined as
qy qy qy qy qy qy
a. The time it takes for the drug to elicit half its therapeutic response.
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
b. The time it takes one- qy qy qy qy
half of the original amount of a drug to reach the target cells.
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
c. The time it takes one-
qy qy qy qy
half of the original amount of a drug to be removed from the body.
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
d. The time it takes one-
qy qy qy qy
half of the original amount of a drug to be absorbed into the circulation.
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
ANS: C qy
lOMoARcPSD| 13728229
, lOMoARcPSD| 13728229
Chapter 01: Nursing Practice in Canada and Drug Therapy
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
Sealock: Lilley’s Pharmacology for Canadian Health Care Practice, 4th Edition
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
MULTIPLE CHOICE qy
1. Which is a judgement about a particular patient‘s potential need or problem?
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
a. A goal qy
b. An assessment qy
c. Subjective data qy
d. A nursing diagnosis
qy qy
ANS: D qy
Nursing diagnosis is the phase of the nursing process during which a clinical judgement is made abo
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
o heath conditions and life processes or vulnerability for that response.
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge qy qy
2. The patient is to receive oral furosemide (Lasix) every day; however, because the patient is unable t
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
ake medication orally, as ordered. The nurse needs to contact the physician. What type of problem i
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
a. A ―right time‖ problem
qy qy qy
b. A ―right dose‖ problem
qy qy qy
c. A ―right route‖ problem
qy qy qy
d. A ―right medication‖ problem
qy qy qy
ANS: C qy
This is a ―right route‖ problem: the nurse cannot assume the route and must clarify the route with th
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
right time‖ problem because the ordered frequency has not changed. This is not a ―right dose‖ probl
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
related to an inability to swallow. This is not a ―right medication‖ problem because the medication
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
t the route.
qy qy
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application qy qy
3. The nurse has been monitoring the patient‘s progress on his new drug regimen since the first dose an
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
gns of possible adverse effects. What nursing process phase is the nurse practising?
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
a. Planning
b. Evaluation
c. Implementation
d. Nursing diagnosis qy
ANS: B qy
Monitoring the patient‘s progress is part of the evaluation phase. Planning, implementation, and nurs
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
ated by this example.
qy qy qy
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application qy qy
4. The nurse is caring for a patient who has been newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
s an outcome criterion for this patient?
qy qy qy qy qy qy
a. The patient will follow instructions.
qy qy qy qy
b. The patient will not experience complications.
qy qy qy qy qy
c. The patient adheres to the new insulin treatment regimen.
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
d. The patient demonstrates safe insulin self-administration technique.
qy qy qy qy qy qy
ANS: D qy
Having the patient demonstrate safe insulin self-
qy qy qy qy qy qy
administration technique is a specific and measurable outcome criterion. Following instructions and
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
not specific criteria. Adherence to the new insulin treatment regimen is not objective and would be
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application qy qy
, lOMoARcPSD| 13728229
6. The nurse is working during a very busy night shift, and the health care provider has just given the n
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
over the telephone, but the nurse does not recall the route. What is the best way for the nurse to avo
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
a. Recopy the order neatly on the order sheet, with the most common route indicated
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
b. Consult with the pharmacist for clarification about the most common route
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
c. Call the health care provider to clarify the route of administration
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
d. Withhold the drug until the health care provider visits the patient
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
ANS: C qy
If a medication order does not include the route, the nurse must ask the health care provider to clarif
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
administration.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application | Cognitive Level: Analysis
qy qy qy qy qy qy
7. Which constitutes the traditional Five Rights of medication administration?
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
a. Right drug, right route, right dose, right time, and right patient
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
b. Right drug, the right effect, the right route, the right time, and the right patient
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
c. Right patient, right strength, right diagnosis, right drug, and right route
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
d. Right patient, right diagnosis, right drug, right route, and right time
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
ANS: A qy
The traditional Five Rights of medication administration were considered to be Right drug, Right rou
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
Right patient. Right effect, right strength, and right diagnosis are not part of the traditional Five Rig
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension qy qy
8. What correctly describes the nursing process?
qy qy qy qy qy
a. Diagnosing, planning, assessing, implementing, and finally evaluating
qy qy qy qy qy qy
b. Assessing, then diagnosing, implementing, and ending with evaluating
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
c. A linear direction that begins with assessing and continues through diagnosin
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
g, planning, and finally implementing
qy qy qy qy
d. An ongoing process that begins with assessing and continues with diagnosin
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
g, planning, implementing, and evaluating
qy qy qy qy
ANS: D qy
The nursing process is an ongoing, flexible, adaptable, and adjustable five-
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
step process that begins with assessing and continues through diagnosing, planning, implementing, a
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
h may then lead back to any of the other phases.
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application qy qy
9. When the nurse is considering the timing of a drug dose, which is most important to assess?
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
a. The patient‘s identification qy qy
b. The patient‘s weight qy qy
c. The patient‘s last meal qy qy qy
d. Any drug or food allergies qy qy qy qy
ANS: C qy
The pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of the drug need to be assessed with regard to
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
food interactions or compatibility issues. The patient‘s identification, weight, and drug or food allerg
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
‘s timing.
qy
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application qy qy
10. The nurse is writing nursing diagnoses for a plan of care. Which reflects the correct format for her n
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
a. Anxiety
b. Anxiety related to new drug therapy qy qy qy qy qy
c. Anxiety related to anxious feelings about drug therapy, as evidenced b
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
y statements such as ―I‘m upset about having to give myself shots‖
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
d. Anxiety related to new drug therapy, as evidenced by statements such as ―I‘
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
m upset about having to give myself shots‖
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
, lOMoARcPSD| 13728229
Chapter 02: Pharmacological Principles
qy qy qy
Sealock: Lilley’s Pharmacology for Canadian Health Care Practice, 4th Edition
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
MULTIPLE CHOICE qy
1. A patient is receiving two different drugs, which, at their current dose forms and dosages, are both a
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
n in identical amounts. Which term best denotes that the drugs have the same absorption rates?
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
a. Equivalent
b. Synergistic
c. Compatible
d. Bioequivalent
ANS: D qy
Two drugs absorbed into the circulation at the same amount (in specific dosage forms) have the sam
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
are bioequivalent. ―Equivalent‖ is incorrect because the term ―bioavailability‖ is used to express the
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
―Synergistic‖ is incorrect because this term refers to two drugs given together whose resulting effec
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
the effects of each drug given alone. ―Compatible‖ is incorrect because this term is a general term u
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
stances do not have a chemical reaction when mixed (or given, in the case of drugs) together.
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension qy qy
2. A patient is receiving medication via intravenous injection. Which information should the nurse prov
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
a. The medication will cause fewer adverse effects when given intravenously.
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
b. The medication will be absorbed slowly into the tissues over time.
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
c. The medication‘s action will begin faster when given intravenously.
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
d. Most of the drug is inactivated by the liver before it reaches the target area.
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
ANS: C qy
Intravenous injections are the fastest route of absorption. The intravenous route does not affect the n
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
he intravenous route is not a slow route of absorption, and the intravenous route does not cause inac
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
liver before it reaches the target area.
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension qy qy
3. Which is true regarding parenteral drugs?
qy qy qy qy qy
a. They bypass the first-pass effect. qy qy qy qy
b. They decrease blood flow to the stomach.
qy qy qy qy qy qy
c. They are altered by the presence of food in the stomach.
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
d. They exert their effects while circulating in the bloodstream.
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
ANS: A qy
Drugs given by the parenteral route bypass the first-
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
pass effect, but they still must be absorbed into cells and tissues before they can exert their effects. E
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
rally), not parenteral drugs, decrease blood flow to the stomach and are altered by the presence of f
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
ral drugs must be absorbed into cells and tissues from the circulation before they can exert their eff
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
effects while circulating in the bloodstream.
qy qy qy qy qy
DIF: Cognitive Level: Analysis qy qy
4. A drug‘s half-life is best defined as
qy qy qy qy qy qy
a. The time it takes for the drug to elicit half its therapeutic response.
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
b. The time it takes one- qy qy qy qy
half of the original amount of a drug to reach the target cells.
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
c. The time it takes one-
qy qy qy qy
half of the original amount of a drug to be removed from the body.
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
d. The time it takes one-
qy qy qy qy
half of the original amount of a drug to be absorbed into the circulation.
qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy qy
ANS: C qy
