NSG 211 Final Practice Questions with answers

NSG 211 Final Practice Questions with |\ |\ |\ |\ |\




answers
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A student nurse was asked which of the following best describes
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dementia. Which of the following best describes the condition? |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\




A. Memory loss occurring as part of the natural consequence of
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aging
B. Difficulty coping with physical and psychological change
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C. Severe cognitive impairment that occurs rapidly
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D. Loss of cognitive abilities, impairing ability to perform
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activities of daily living - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Answer D|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\




The impaired ability to perform self-care is an important measure
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of a client's dementia progression and loss of cognitive abilities.
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Difficulty or impaired ability to perform normal activities of daily
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living, such as maintaining hygiene and grooming, toileting,
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making meals, and maintaining a household, are significant
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indications of dementia. Slowing of processes necessary for |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


information retrieval is a normal consequence of aging. However, |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


the global statement that memory loss occurs as part of natural
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aging is not true. Dementia is not normal; it is a disease.
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Difficulty coping with changes can be experienced by any client,
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not just one with dementia. The rapid occurrence of cognitive
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impairment refers to delirium. |\ |\ |\




Which of the following is not included in the care of plan of a
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client with a moderate cognitive impairment involving dementia
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of the Alzheimer's type?
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A. Daily structured schedule
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,B. Positive reinforcement for performing activities of daily living
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C. Stimulating environment
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D. Use of validation techniques - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Answer
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C
A stimulating environment is a source of confusion and anxiety
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for a client with a moderate level of impairment and, therefore,
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would not be included in the plan of care. The remaining options
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are all appropriate interventions for this client.
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Which of the following outcome criteria is appropriate for the
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client with dementia? |\ |\




A. The client will return to an adequate level of self-functioning.
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B. The client will learn new coping mechanisms to handle anxiety.
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C. The client will seek out resources in the community for
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support.
D. The client will follow an established schedule for activities of
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daily living. - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Answer D
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Following established activity schedules is a realistic expectation
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for clients with dementia. All of the remaining outcome
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statements require a higher level of cognitive ability that can be |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


realistically expected of clients with this disorder. |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\




During the home visit of a client with dementia, the nurse notes
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that an adult daughter persistently corrects her father's
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misperceptions of reality, even when the father becomes upset |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


and anxious. Which intervention should the nurse teach the
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caregiver?
A. Anxiety-reducing measures
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, B. Positive reinforcement
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C. Reality orientation techniques
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D. Validation techniques - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Answer D
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Validation techniques are useful measures for making emotional|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


connections with a client who can no longer maintain reality |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


orientation. These measures are also helpful in decreasing |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


anxiety. Anxiety-reducing measures and positive reinforcements
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will also be appropriate, but validation techniques will provide
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both anxiety reduction and positive reinforcement for the client.
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Reality orientation techniques are not useful when the client can
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no longer maintain reality contact and becomes upset when
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misperceptions are corrected. |\ |\




Mr. Lim who is diagnosed with moderate dementia has frequent
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catastrophic reactions during shower time. Which of the following |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


interventions should be implemented in the plan of care? Select
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all that apply.
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A. Assign consistent staff members to assist the client.
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B. Accomplish the task quickly, with several staff members
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assisting.
C. Schedule the client's shower at the same time of day.
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D. Sedate the client 30 minutes prior to showering.
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E. Tell the client to remain calm while showering.
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F. Use a calm, supportive, quiet manner when assisting the client.
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- CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Answer A, C, F
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Maintaining a consistent routine with the same staff members |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


will help decrease the client's anxiety that occurs whenever
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changes are made. A calm, quiet manner will be reassuring to
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