Midterm Exam: PN 4003 / PN4003
(Latest Update )
Variations in Health | Questions &
Answers | 100% Correct | Grade A -
SCC
Question:
Hyponatremia (low Na⁺)
Answer:
Causes: Excess water, heart/kidney failure, vomiting/diarrhea.
S/S: Nausea, confusion, headache, seizures, coma, muscle weakness.
range: 135-145 mEq/L
Question:
calcium range
Answer:
calcium - range: 8.5-10.5 mg/dL
,Question:
phosphate range
Answer:
Phosphate range: 2.5-4.5 mg/dL
Question:
potassium range
Answer:
Potassium - range: 3.5-5.0 mEq/L
Question:
magnesium range
Answer:
Magnesium - range: 1.5-2.5 mEq/L
Question:
chloride range
Answer:
Chloride - range: 96-106 mEq/L
,Question:
Hypernatremia (high Na⁺)
Answer:
Causes: Dehydration, diabetes insipidus, excessive salt intake.
S/S: Thirst, dry mucous membranes, agitation, restlessness, seizures.
sodium - range: 135-145 mEq/L
Question:
Hypokalemia (low K⁺)
Answer:
Causes: Diuretics, GI losses (vomiting/diarrhea), inadequate intake.
S/S: Muscle weakness, cramps, fatigue, arrhythmias, flattened T waves.
Potassium - range: 3.5-5.0 mEq/L
, Question:
Hyperkalemia (high K⁺)
Answer:
Causes: Renal failure, acidosis, tissue damage.
S/S: Muscle weakness, paresthesia, arrhythmias, peaked T waves, cardiac
arrest.
Potassium - range: 3.5-5.0 mEq/L
Question:
Hypocalcemia (low Ca²⁺)
Answer:
Causes: Hypoparathyroidism, vitamin D deficiency, renal disease.
S/S: Tetany, paresthesia, Chvostek's and Trousseau's signs, seizures.
calcium - range: 8.5-10.5 mg/dL
(Latest Update )
Variations in Health | Questions &
Answers | 100% Correct | Grade A -
SCC
Question:
Hyponatremia (low Na⁺)
Answer:
Causes: Excess water, heart/kidney failure, vomiting/diarrhea.
S/S: Nausea, confusion, headache, seizures, coma, muscle weakness.
range: 135-145 mEq/L
Question:
calcium range
Answer:
calcium - range: 8.5-10.5 mg/dL
,Question:
phosphate range
Answer:
Phosphate range: 2.5-4.5 mg/dL
Question:
potassium range
Answer:
Potassium - range: 3.5-5.0 mEq/L
Question:
magnesium range
Answer:
Magnesium - range: 1.5-2.5 mEq/L
Question:
chloride range
Answer:
Chloride - range: 96-106 mEq/L
,Question:
Hypernatremia (high Na⁺)
Answer:
Causes: Dehydration, diabetes insipidus, excessive salt intake.
S/S: Thirst, dry mucous membranes, agitation, restlessness, seizures.
sodium - range: 135-145 mEq/L
Question:
Hypokalemia (low K⁺)
Answer:
Causes: Diuretics, GI losses (vomiting/diarrhea), inadequate intake.
S/S: Muscle weakness, cramps, fatigue, arrhythmias, flattened T waves.
Potassium - range: 3.5-5.0 mEq/L
, Question:
Hyperkalemia (high K⁺)
Answer:
Causes: Renal failure, acidosis, tissue damage.
S/S: Muscle weakness, paresthesia, arrhythmias, peaked T waves, cardiac
arrest.
Potassium - range: 3.5-5.0 mEq/L
Question:
Hypocalcemia (low Ca²⁺)
Answer:
Causes: Hypoparathyroidism, vitamin D deficiency, renal disease.
S/S: Tetany, paresthesia, Chvostek's and Trousseau's signs, seizures.
calcium - range: 8.5-10.5 mg/dL
