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NR 566 Final Exam 2025 – Actual Exam
Comprehensive Questions, Frequently
Tested Topics, Recently Tested Real
Questions with Verified 100% Correct
Solutions
Question 1
Which medication is the first-line treatment for type 2 diabetes mellitus per ADA guidelines?
A. Insulin glargine
B. Metformin
C. Glipizide
D. Pioglitazone
Correct Answer: B. Metformin
Rationale: Metformin is the first-line treatment for type 2 diabetes mellitus due to its
efficacy in reducing hepatic glucose production, improving insulin sensitivity, and having a
favorable safety profile, per American Diabetes Association (ADA) guidelines.
Question 2
A patient taking warfarin asks what over-the-counter medication is safe for minor aches. The
best recommendation is:
A. Ibuprofen 400 mg three times daily
B. Acetaminophen, not to exceed 4 grams daily
C. Aspirin 650 mg three times daily
D. Naproxen 220 mg twice daily
Correct Answer: B. Acetaminophen, not to exceed 4 grams daily
Rationale: Acetaminophen is the safest option for patients on warfarin as it has minimal
impact on bleeding risk compared to NSAIDs like ibuprofen, aspirin, or naproxen, which can
increase bleeding risk.
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Question 3
What is the primary concern when prescribing carbamazepine to a patient using oral
contraceptives?
A. Increased risk of hepatotoxicity
B. Reduced oral contraceptive efficacy
C. Increased seizure activity
D. Enhanced sedative effects
Correct Answer: B. Reduced oral contraceptive efficacy
Rationale: Carbamazepine is a CYP450 inducer, accelerating the metabolism of oral
contraceptives, which can reduce their efficacy and lead to unintended pregnancy.
Question 4
A patient with a history of severe hypertension is starting hemodialysis. The preferred vascular
access is:
A. Central venous catheter
B. Arteriovenous fistula
C. Arteriovenous graft
D. Temporary catheter
Correct Answer: B. Arteriovenous fistula
Rationale: Arteriovenous fistulas are the preferred vascular access for hemodialysis due to
their lower complication rates, including reduced risk of infection and thrombosis, compared to
catheters or grafts.
Question 5
Which antibiotic is the first-line treatment for community-acquired pneumonia caused by
Streptococcus pneumoniae?
A. Azithromycin
B. Levofloxacin
C. Amoxicillin
D. Ceftriaxone
Correct Answer: C. Amoxicillin
Rationale: Amoxicillin is the first-line treatment for community-acquired pneumonia caused
by Streptococcus pneumoniae in outpatient settings, per Infectious Diseases Society of America
(IDSA) guidelines, due to its efficacy and narrow spectrum.
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Question 6
A patient with a vaginal yeast infection prefers oral treatment. The most appropriate medication
is:
A. Clotrimazole vaginal cream
B. Fluconazole 150 mg single dose
C. Metronidazole 500 mg twice daily
D. Nystatin oral suspension
Correct Answer: B. Fluconazole 150 mg single dose
Rationale: Fluconazole 150 mg as a single oral dose is the preferred treatment for
uncomplicated vaginal yeast infections due to its efficacy and convenience.
Question 7
What is a common side effect of doxazosin in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia?
A. Hyperglycemia
B. Orthostatic hypotension
C. Constipation
D. Weight gain
Correct Answer: B. Orthostatic hypotension
Rationale: Doxazosin, an alpha-1 blocker, commonly causes orthostatic hypotension,
especially with the initial dose, due to its vasodilatory effects.
Question 8
A patient with generalized anxiety disorder is prescribed sertraline. What is the primary
mechanism of action?
A. GABA receptor agonist
B. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibition
C. Dopamine receptor antagonist
D. Norepinephrine reuptake inhibition
Correct Answer: B. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibition
Rationale: Sertraline is an SSRI that increases serotonin levels in the brain by inhibiting its
reuptake, effectively treating generalized anxiety disorder.
NR 566 Final Exam 2025 – Actual Exam
Comprehensive Questions, Frequently
Tested Topics, Recently Tested Real
Questions with Verified 100% Correct
Solutions
Question 1
Which medication is the first-line treatment for type 2 diabetes mellitus per ADA guidelines?
A. Insulin glargine
B. Metformin
C. Glipizide
D. Pioglitazone
Correct Answer: B. Metformin
Rationale: Metformin is the first-line treatment for type 2 diabetes mellitus due to its
efficacy in reducing hepatic glucose production, improving insulin sensitivity, and having a
favorable safety profile, per American Diabetes Association (ADA) guidelines.
Question 2
A patient taking warfarin asks what over-the-counter medication is safe for minor aches. The
best recommendation is:
A. Ibuprofen 400 mg three times daily
B. Acetaminophen, not to exceed 4 grams daily
C. Aspirin 650 mg three times daily
D. Naproxen 220 mg twice daily
Correct Answer: B. Acetaminophen, not to exceed 4 grams daily
Rationale: Acetaminophen is the safest option for patients on warfarin as it has minimal
impact on bleeding risk compared to NSAIDs like ibuprofen, aspirin, or naproxen, which can
increase bleeding risk.
, 2
Question 3
What is the primary concern when prescribing carbamazepine to a patient using oral
contraceptives?
A. Increased risk of hepatotoxicity
B. Reduced oral contraceptive efficacy
C. Increased seizure activity
D. Enhanced sedative effects
Correct Answer: B. Reduced oral contraceptive efficacy
Rationale: Carbamazepine is a CYP450 inducer, accelerating the metabolism of oral
contraceptives, which can reduce their efficacy and lead to unintended pregnancy.
Question 4
A patient with a history of severe hypertension is starting hemodialysis. The preferred vascular
access is:
A. Central venous catheter
B. Arteriovenous fistula
C. Arteriovenous graft
D. Temporary catheter
Correct Answer: B. Arteriovenous fistula
Rationale: Arteriovenous fistulas are the preferred vascular access for hemodialysis due to
their lower complication rates, including reduced risk of infection and thrombosis, compared to
catheters or grafts.
Question 5
Which antibiotic is the first-line treatment for community-acquired pneumonia caused by
Streptococcus pneumoniae?
A. Azithromycin
B. Levofloxacin
C. Amoxicillin
D. Ceftriaxone
Correct Answer: C. Amoxicillin
Rationale: Amoxicillin is the first-line treatment for community-acquired pneumonia caused
by Streptococcus pneumoniae in outpatient settings, per Infectious Diseases Society of America
(IDSA) guidelines, due to its efficacy and narrow spectrum.
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Question 6
A patient with a vaginal yeast infection prefers oral treatment. The most appropriate medication
is:
A. Clotrimazole vaginal cream
B. Fluconazole 150 mg single dose
C. Metronidazole 500 mg twice daily
D. Nystatin oral suspension
Correct Answer: B. Fluconazole 150 mg single dose
Rationale: Fluconazole 150 mg as a single oral dose is the preferred treatment for
uncomplicated vaginal yeast infections due to its efficacy and convenience.
Question 7
What is a common side effect of doxazosin in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia?
A. Hyperglycemia
B. Orthostatic hypotension
C. Constipation
D. Weight gain
Correct Answer: B. Orthostatic hypotension
Rationale: Doxazosin, an alpha-1 blocker, commonly causes orthostatic hypotension,
especially with the initial dose, due to its vasodilatory effects.
Question 8
A patient with generalized anxiety disorder is prescribed sertraline. What is the primary
mechanism of action?
A. GABA receptor agonist
B. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibition
C. Dopamine receptor antagonist
D. Norepinephrine reuptake inhibition
Correct Answer: B. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibition
Rationale: Sertraline is an SSRI that increases serotonin levels in the brain by inhibiting its
reuptake, effectively treating generalized anxiety disorder.
