BIO 320 EXAM 2 PREP QUESTIONS & 100%
CORRECT ANSWERS
Active Transport - correct answer- *When cells transport ions and
small molecules through a membrane against a concentration gradient
to maintain their concentrations
*Active transport expends energy because it requires the cell to work
against the concentration gradient of solutes
Boundary Layer - correct answer- A region of unstirred air or water
that surrounds the surface of an object.
Concurrent Circulation - correct answer- Two fluids moving in the
same direction on either side of a barrier and heat or materials are
exchanged.
Conduction - correct answer- *Transfer of kinetic energy of heat
between substances in contact (i.e. lizards lying flat on rocks to warm)
*Rate of heat movement depends on 1) surface area 2) resistance to
heat transfer 3) temp difference
*Greater surface area=greater surface for energy transfer (i.e. animals
curling up in ball for warmth)
Conduction Equation - correct answer- (KA(Tb-Tg))/L
, *Tb= temp of body surface
*Tg=temp of ground (or other solid)
*A=area of contact between organism & environment
*k=conductivity (how well solid conducts heat)
*Tb equals the temperature of the body surface *Tg equals the
temperature of the ground (or another solid).
*L=distance of heat transfer
*Surfaces like metals have high conductivity, meaning they transfer heat
rapidly. Insulation such as fur or feathers will increase the distance that
heat must flux between an organism and its environment
Convection - correct answer- *Transfer of heat by movement of
liquids and gases (Molecules of air or water next to warm surface gain
energy and move away from surface)*When environment is cold,
organism warms it's boundary layer which reduces heat loss but current
of air can disrupt layer and carry away heat by convection (wind chill)
Convection Equation - correct answer- hA(T_b-T_a)
*Tb=temp of body surface
*Ta=temp of air/water
*A=surface area in contact with fluid
*h=convection coefficient (shape of organism and movement of fluid
that determines rate of heat flux by convenction)
*larger h means larger heat flux
CORRECT ANSWERS
Active Transport - correct answer- *When cells transport ions and
small molecules through a membrane against a concentration gradient
to maintain their concentrations
*Active transport expends energy because it requires the cell to work
against the concentration gradient of solutes
Boundary Layer - correct answer- A region of unstirred air or water
that surrounds the surface of an object.
Concurrent Circulation - correct answer- Two fluids moving in the
same direction on either side of a barrier and heat or materials are
exchanged.
Conduction - correct answer- *Transfer of kinetic energy of heat
between substances in contact (i.e. lizards lying flat on rocks to warm)
*Rate of heat movement depends on 1) surface area 2) resistance to
heat transfer 3) temp difference
*Greater surface area=greater surface for energy transfer (i.e. animals
curling up in ball for warmth)
Conduction Equation - correct answer- (KA(Tb-Tg))/L
, *Tb= temp of body surface
*Tg=temp of ground (or other solid)
*A=area of contact between organism & environment
*k=conductivity (how well solid conducts heat)
*Tb equals the temperature of the body surface *Tg equals the
temperature of the ground (or another solid).
*L=distance of heat transfer
*Surfaces like metals have high conductivity, meaning they transfer heat
rapidly. Insulation such as fur or feathers will increase the distance that
heat must flux between an organism and its environment
Convection - correct answer- *Transfer of heat by movement of
liquids and gases (Molecules of air or water next to warm surface gain
energy and move away from surface)*When environment is cold,
organism warms it's boundary layer which reduces heat loss but current
of air can disrupt layer and carry away heat by convection (wind chill)
Convection Equation - correct answer- hA(T_b-T_a)
*Tb=temp of body surface
*Ta=temp of air/water
*A=surface area in contact with fluid
*h=convection coefficient (shape of organism and movement of fluid
that determines rate of heat flux by convenction)
*larger h means larger heat flux
