PSY101 - Chapter 2 Study Guide Questions With Complete
Solutions
a case study Correct Answers an in-depth, intensive
investigation of a single individual or a small group. Case
studies might include psychological testing, a procedure in
which a carefully designed set of questions is used to gain some
insight into the personality of the individual or group.
- important drawbacks: If the individuals examined are unique in
certain ways or if the sample is too small, it is impossible to
make valid generalizations to a larger population.
A hypothesis Correct Answers is a prediction stated in a way
that allows it to be tested. Hypotheses stem from theories; they
help test the underlying soundness of theories.
archival research Correct Answers existing data, such as
census documents, college records, online databases, and
newspaper articles, are examined to test a hypothesis.
- relatively inexpensive
- important drawbacks: the data may not be in a form that allows
the researcher to test a hypothesis fully. The information could
be incomplete, or it could have been collected haphazardly.
Hampered by the simple fact that records with the necessary
information may not exist.
Before taking part in a psychology study, participants must give
informed _____ by signing a document affirming that they have
been told the basic outlines of the study and are aware of what
their participation will entail. Correct Answers consent
, control group Correct Answers any group that receives no
treatment
correlational research Correct Answers two sets of variables
are examined to determine whether they are associated, or
correlated. The strength and direction of the relationship
between the two variables are represented by a mathematical
statistic known as a correlation (or, more formally, a correlation
coefficient), which can range from +1.0 to −1.0.
CORRELATION DOES NOT EQUAL CAUSATION
Dr. Langley unintentionally transmits his expectations to his
participants in an experiment. Which of the following best
describes what type of bias is occurring?
- Experimental bias
- Participant bias
- Correlational bias
- Naturalistic bias Correct Answers Experimental Bias
Experimental ____ refers to factors that distort how the
independent variable affects the dependent variable in an
experiment. Correct Answers bias
experimental group Correct Answers any group that receives
the treatment
experimental manipulation Correct Answers is the change that
a researcher deliberately makes in an experiment. Experimental
manipulations are used to detect relationships between different
variables
Solutions
a case study Correct Answers an in-depth, intensive
investigation of a single individual or a small group. Case
studies might include psychological testing, a procedure in
which a carefully designed set of questions is used to gain some
insight into the personality of the individual or group.
- important drawbacks: If the individuals examined are unique in
certain ways or if the sample is too small, it is impossible to
make valid generalizations to a larger population.
A hypothesis Correct Answers is a prediction stated in a way
that allows it to be tested. Hypotheses stem from theories; they
help test the underlying soundness of theories.
archival research Correct Answers existing data, such as
census documents, college records, online databases, and
newspaper articles, are examined to test a hypothesis.
- relatively inexpensive
- important drawbacks: the data may not be in a form that allows
the researcher to test a hypothesis fully. The information could
be incomplete, or it could have been collected haphazardly.
Hampered by the simple fact that records with the necessary
information may not exist.
Before taking part in a psychology study, participants must give
informed _____ by signing a document affirming that they have
been told the basic outlines of the study and are aware of what
their participation will entail. Correct Answers consent
, control group Correct Answers any group that receives no
treatment
correlational research Correct Answers two sets of variables
are examined to determine whether they are associated, or
correlated. The strength and direction of the relationship
between the two variables are represented by a mathematical
statistic known as a correlation (or, more formally, a correlation
coefficient), which can range from +1.0 to −1.0.
CORRELATION DOES NOT EQUAL CAUSATION
Dr. Langley unintentionally transmits his expectations to his
participants in an experiment. Which of the following best
describes what type of bias is occurring?
- Experimental bias
- Participant bias
- Correlational bias
- Naturalistic bias Correct Answers Experimental Bias
Experimental ____ refers to factors that distort how the
independent variable affects the dependent variable in an
experiment. Correct Answers bias
experimental group Correct Answers any group that receives
the treatment
experimental manipulation Correct Answers is the change that
a researcher deliberately makes in an experiment. Experimental
manipulations are used to detect relationships between different
variables
