Chapter 25: Alterations in Hematologic Function Exam with correct question and answers

Chapter 25: Alterations in Hematologic Function Exam with correct question and answers 1. A nurse is administering a blood transfusion to a child. About 35 minutes after beginning the transfusion, the child develops pruritus and urticaria. Some wheezing is noted. Which action would the nurse take first? A. Discontinue the transfusion. B. Obtain a blood culture. C. Give an iron-chelating agent. D. Ask the health care provide for a prescription for a diuretic.: ANS: A Rationale: The child is experiencing a transfusion reaction; the first step with any transfusion reaction is to discontinue the transfusion. Oxygen should be given, and the nurse should anticipate the need for an antihistamine to reduce the child's symptoms. An iron-chelating agent would be given for hemosiderosis after repeated transfusions. A blood culture would be obtained if the child developed a fever. 2. A child develops treatment-related thrombocytopenia. When preparing the plan of care for the child, which would the nurse include? Select all that apply. A. Allowing frequent blood-drawing procedures for laboratory testing B. Applying pressure to a puncture site for a full 5 minutes C. Limiting the use of adhesive tape on the child's skin D. Administering medications orally or intravenously E. Obtaining extra amounts of blood just in case when drawing blood: ANS: B, C, D Rationale: With thrombocytopenia, the risk for bleeding is increased. Therefore, the nurse should institute measures to reduce this risk. Measures include limiting the number of blood-drawing procedures, applying pressure to a puncture site for a full 5 minutes, limiting the use of adhesive tape on the child' skin, administering medications orally or intravenously instead of by injection, and not drawing extra amounts of blood just in case.