TESTiBANKiFori DentaliRadiography:i
PrinciplesiandiTechniquesi6thiEditioni
byiJoeniIannuccii&iLauraiJanseniHowertoni
Chapters 1i-i35i|iComplete and verified answers
1
0
0
%
,Chapteri01:iRadiationiHistory
Iannucci:iDentaliRadiography,i6thiEdition
MULTIPLEiCHOICE
1. Radiationiisidefinedias
a. aiformiofienergyicarriedibyiwavesioristreamsiofiparticles.
b. aibeamiofienergyithatihasitheipoweritoipenetrateisubstancesiandirecordiimageish
adowsioniaireceptor.
c. aihigh-
energyiradiationiproducedibyitheicollisioniofiaibeamiofielectronsiwithiaimetalitar
getiinianix-rayitube.
d. aibranchiofimedicineithatidealsiwithitheiuseiofix-rays.
ANSWER:i A
Radiationiisiaiformiofienergyicarriedibyiwavesioristreamsiofiparticles.iAnix-
rayiisiaibeamiofienergyithatihasitheipoweritoipenetrateisubstancesiandirecordiimageishadowsioni
aireceptor.
X-radiationiisiaihigh-
energyiradiationiproducedibyitheicollisioniofiaibeamiofielectronsiwithiaimetalitargetiinianix-
rayitube.iRadiologyiisiaibranchiofimedicineithatidealsiwithitheiuseiof
x-rays.
DIF: Recall REF:iiiPagei2 OBJ:i 1
TOP:i CDA,iRHS,iIII.B.2.iDescribeitheicharacteristicsiofix-radiation
MSC:i NBDHE,i2.0iObtainingiandiInterpretingiRadiographsi|iNBDHE,i2.1iPrinciplesiofiradiophysicsiandir
adiobiology
2. Airadiographiisidefinedias
a. aibeamiofienergyithatihasitheipoweritoipenetrateisubstancesiandirecordiimageish
adowsioniaireceptor.
b. aipictureionifilmiproducedibyitheipassageiofix-raysithroughianiobjectioribody.
c. theiartiandiscienceiofimakingiradiographsibyitheiexposureiofianiimageireceptoritoix-
rays.
d. aiformiofienergyicarriedibyiwavesioriaistreamiofiparticles.
ANSWER:i B
Anix-
rayiisiaibeamiofienergyithatihasitheipoweritoipenetrateisubstancesiandirecordiimageishadowsioni
aireceptor.i Airadiographiisiaipictureionifilmiproducedibyitheipassageiofix-
raysithroughianiobjectioribody.iRadiographyiisitheiartiandiscienceiofimakingidentaliimagesibyith
eiexposureiofiaireceptoritoix-
rays.i Radiationiisiaiformiofienergyicarriedibyiwavesioristreamsiofiparticles.
DIF: Comprehension REF:iiiPagei2
OBJ:i1iTOP:i CDA,iRHS,iIII.B.2.iDescribeitheicharacteristicsiofix-
radiation
MSC:i NBDHE,i2.0iObtainingiandiInterpretingiRadiographsi|iNBDHE,i2.1iPrinciplesiofiradiophysicsiandir
adiobiology
3. Youripatientiaskediyouiwhyidentaliimagesiareiimportant.iWhichiofitheifollowingiisitheico
rrectiresponse?
a. Anioraliexaminationiwithidentaliimagesilimitsitheipractitioneritoiwhatiisiseenicli
nically.
,b. Allidentalidiseasesiandiconditionsiproduceiclinicalisignsiandisymptoms.
, c. Dentaliimagesiareinotiainecessaryicomponentioficomprehensiveipatienticare.
d. Manyidentalidiseasesiareitypicallyidiscoveredionlyithroughitheiuseiofidentalii
mages.
ANSWER:i D
Anioraliexaminationiwithoutidentaliimagesilimitsitheipractitioneritoiwhatiisiseeniclinically.iManyi
dentalidiseasesiandiconditionsiproduceinoiclinicalisignsiandisymptoms.iDentaliimagesiareiainecess
aryicomponentioficomprehensiveipatienticare.iManyidentalidiseasesiareitypicallyidiscoveredionlyi
throughitheiuseiofidentaliimages.
DIF: Application REF:iiiPagei2 OBJ:i 2
TOP:i CDA,iRHS,iIII.B.2.iDescribeitheicharacteristicsiofix-radiation
MSC:i NBDHE,i2.0iObtainingiandiInterpretingiRadiographsi|iNBDHE,i2.5iGeneral
4. Theix-rayiwasidiscoverediby
a. HeinrichiGeissler
b. WilhelmiRoentgen
c. JohanniHittorf
d. WilliamiCrookes
ANSWER:i B
HeinrichiGeissleribuiltitheifirstivacuumitubeiini1838.i WilhelmiRoentgenidiscoveredithe
x-
rayioniNovemberi8,i1895.iJohanniHittorfiobservediini1870ithatidischargesiemittedifromitheineg
ativeielectrodeiofiaivacuumitubeitravelediinistraightilines,iproducediheat,iandiresultediiniaigreeni
shifluorescence.iWilliamiCrookesidiscoverediinitheilatei1870sithaticathodeiraysiwereistreamsiof
ichargediparticles.
DIF: Recall REF:iiiPagei2 OBJ:i 4
TOP:i CDA,iRHS,iIII.B.2.iDescribeitheicharacteristicsiofix-radiation
MSC:i NBDHE,i2.0iObtainingiandiInterpretingiRadiographsi|iNBDHE,i2.5iGeneral
5. WhoiexposeditheifirstidentaliradiographiinitheiUnitediStatesiusingiailiveiperson?
a. OttoiWalkoff
b. WilhelmiRoentgen
c. EdmundiKells
d. WestoniPrice
ANSWER:i C
OttoiWalkoffiwasiaiGermanidentistiwhoimadeitheifirstidentaliradiograph.iWilhelmiRoentgeniwas
iaiBavarianiphysicistiwhoidiscovereditheix-
ray.i EdmundiKellsiexposeditheifirstidentaliradiographiinitheiUnitediStatesiusingiailiveiperson.iiiP
riceiintroduceditheibisectingitechniqueiini1904.
DIF: Recall REF:iiiPagei4 OBJ:i 5
TOP:i CDA,iRHS,iIII.B.2.iDescribeitheicharacteristicsiofix-radiation
MSC:i NBDHE,i2.0iObtainingiandiInterpretingiRadiographsi|iNBDHE,i2.5iGeneral
6. Currentifastiradiographicifilmirequires
%ilessiexposureitimeithanitheiinitialiexposureitimesiusediini1920.
a. 33
b. 98
c. 73
, d. 2
ANSWER:i D
Currentifastiradiographicifilmirequiresi98%ilessiexposureitimeithanitheiinitialiexposureitimesius
ediini1920.
DIF: Comprehension REF:iiiPagei5
OBJ:i6iTOP:i CDA,iRHS,iIII.B.2.iDescribeitheicharacteristicsiofix-
radiation
MSC:i NBDHE,i2.0iObtainingiandiInterpretingiRadiographsi|iNBDHE,i2.5iGeneral
7. Whoimodifieditheiparallelingitechniqueiwithitheiintroductioniofitheilong-coneitechnique?
a. C.iEdmundiKells
b. FrankliniW.iMcCormack
c. F.iGordoniFitzgerald
d. HowardiRileyiRaper
ANSWER:i C
C.iEdmundiKellsiintroduceditheiparallelingitechniqueiini1896.iFrankliniW.iMcCormackireintr
oduceditheiparallelingitechniqueiini1920.iF.iGordoniFitzgeraldimodifieditheiparallelingitechniq
ueiwithitheiintroductioniofitheilong-
coneitechnique.iThisiisitheitechniqueicurrentlyiused.iHowardiRileyiRaperimodifieditheibisectin
gitechniqueiandiintroduceditheibite-wingitechniqueiini1925.
DIF: Recall REF:iiiPagei4 OBJ:i 7
TOP:i CDA,iRHS,iIII.B.2.iDescribeitheicharacteristicsiofix-radiation
MSC:i NBDHE,i2.0iObtainingiandiInterpretingiRadiographsi|iNBDHE,i2.5iGeneral
8. Whichiofitheifollowingiisianiadvantageiofidigitaliimaging?
a. Increasedipatientiradiationiexposure
b. Increasedipatienticomfort
c. Increasedispeediforiviewingiimages
d. Increasedichemicaliusage
ANSWER:i C
Patientiexposureiisireducediwithidigitaliimaging.iDigitalisensorsiareimoreisensitiveitoix-
raysithanifilm.iDigitalisensorsiareirigidiandibulky,icausingidecreasedipatienticomfort.iTheiimagei
fromidigitalisensorsiisiuploadedidirectlyitoitheicomputeriandimonitoriwithoutitheineediforichemic
aliprocessing.iThisiallowsiforiimmediateiinterpretationiandievaluation.iTheiimageifromidigitalise
nsorsiisiuploadedidirectlyitoitheicomputeriandimonitoriwithoutitheineediforichemicaliprocessing.
DIF: Comprehension REF:iiiPagei6
OBJ:i7iTOP:i CDA,iRHS,iI.B.2.iDemonstrateibasiciknowledgeiofidigitali
radiography
MSC:i NBDHE,i2.0iObtainingiandiInterpretingiRadiographsi|iNBDHE,i2.5iGeneral
9. Whichidiscoveryiwasitheiprecursoritoitheidiscoveryiofix-rays?
a. Betaiparticles
b. Alphaiparticles
c. Cathodeirays
d. Radioactiveimaterials
ANSWER:i C
, Betaiparticlesiareifastimovingielectronsiemittedifromitheinucleusiofiradioactiveiatomsiandiareinoti
associatediwithix-
rays.iAlphaiparticlesiareiemittedifromitheinucleiiofiheavyimetalsiandiareinotiassociatediwithix-
rays.iWilhelmiRoentgeniwasiexperimentingiwithicathodeiraysiwheniheidiscoveredix-
rays.iRadioactiveimaterialsiareicertainiunstableiatomsiorielementsithatiareiinitheiprocessiofispont
aneousidisintegrationioridecay.
DIF: Comprehension REF:iiiPagei3
OBJ:i4iTOP:i CDA,iRHS,iIII.B.2.iDescribeitheicharacteristicsiofix-
radiation
MSC:i NBDHE,i2.0iObtainingiandiInterpretingiRadiographsi|iNBDHE,i2.5iGeneral
10. Whichiofitheifollowingiwouldiyouiplaceiinitheipatient’simouthiiniorderitoitakeidentalix-rays?
a. Image
b. Imageireceptor
c. Radiograph
d. Dentaliradiograph
ANSWER:i B
Aniimageiisiaipictureiorilikenessiofianiobject.iAniimageireceptoriisitheirecordingimediumi(film,
iphosphoriplate,ioridigitalisensor)ithatiisiplacediinitheipatient’simouthitoirecorditheiimageiprodu
cedibyitheix-rays.iAiradiographiisianiimageiofitwo-dimensionalirepresentationiofiaithree-
idimensionaliobject.iAidentaliradiographiisitheidentaliimageiproducedioniairecordingimedium.
DIF: Application REF:iiiPagei2 OBJ:i 1
TOP:i CDA,iRHS,iIII.B.2.iDescribeitheicharacteristicsiofix-radiation
MSC:i NBDHE,i2.0iObtainingiandiInterpretingiRadiographsi|iNBDHE,i2.5iGeneral
,Chapteri 02:i Radiationi Physics
Iannucci:i Dentali Radiography,i 6thi Edition
MULTIPLEi CHOICE
1. Theifundamentaliunitiofimatteriisithe
a. proton.
b. neutron.
c. electron.
d. atom.
ANSWER:i D
Aiprotoniisiai subatomiciparticle;itheifundamentali unitiofimatteriisitheiatom.iAineutroniisiaisu
batomiciparticle;itheifundamentaliunitiofimatteriisitheiatom.iAnielectroniisiaisubatomiciparti
cle;itheifundamentaliunitiofimatteriisitheiatom.iTheifundamentaliunitiofimatteriisitheiatom.
DIF: Recall REF:iii Pagei8 OBJ:i 1
TOP:i CDA,i RHS,i III.B.2.i Describei thei characteristicsi ofi x-radiation
MSC:i NBDHE,i 2.0i Obtainingi andi Interpretingi Radiographsi |i NBDHE,i 2.1i Principlesi ofiradiophysi
csiandiradiobiology
2. Theinucleusiofianiatomicontains
a. protons.
b. neutrons.
c. protonsi andi neutrons.
d. electrons.
ANSWER:i C
Theinucleusiofianiatomicontainsineutronsiasiwelli asi protons.iTheinucleusiofiani atomicontain
siprotonsiasiwelliasineutrons.iTheinucleusiofianiatomicontainsiprotonsiandineutrons.iTheinu
cleusiofianiatomidoesinoticontainielectrons;iiticontainsiprotonsiandineutrons.
DIF: Recall REF:iii Pagei8 OBJ:i 2
TOP:i CDA,i RHS,i III.B.2.i Describei thei characteristicsi ofi x-radiation
MSC:i NBDHE,i 2.0i Obtainingi andi Interpretingi Radiographsi |i NBDHE,i 2.1i Principlesi ofiradiophysi
csiandiradiobiology
3. Whichisubatomiciparticlei carriesi ainegativeielectricali charge?
a. Aineutron
b. Aiproton
c. Anielectron
d. Ainucleon
ANSWER:i C
Aineutronidoesinoticarryianielectricalicharge.iAiprotonicarriesiaipositiveielectricalicharge.iAn
i electroni carriesi ai negative i electricali charge.iAinucleoni carriesi ai positivei (proton)i or
,noi(neutron)ielectricalicharge.
DIF: Comprehension REF:iii Pagei8
OBJ:i 2iTOP:i CDA,iRHS,iIII.B.2.iDescribeitheicharacteristicsiofix-
radiation
MSC:i NBDHE,i 2.0i Obtainingi andi Interpretingi Radiographsi |i NBDHE,i 2.1i Principlesi ofiradiophysi
csiandiradiobiology
4. Whichiofithei followingielementsiisitheisimplestiatom?
a. Hydrogeni(Hi #1)
b. Heliumi(Hei#2)
c. Nitrogeni(Ni#7)
d. Oxygeni(Oi#8)
ANSWER:i A
Atomicinumbersiareiassignedifromisimplestitoimosticomplex.iHydrogeniisitheisimplestiato
m;iwithiaisingleiproton,iitihasianiatomicinumberiofi1.iHeliumihasianiatomicinumberiofi2.iNi
trogenihasianiatomicinumberiofi7.iOxygenihasianiatomicinumberiofi8.
DIF: Comprehension REF:iii Pagei8
OBJ:i 2iTOP:i CDA,iRHS,iIII.B.2.iDescribeitheicharacteristicsiofix-
radiation
MSC:i NBDHE,i 2.0i Obtainingi andi Interpretingi Radiographsi |i NBDHE,i 2.1i Principlesi ofiradiophysi
csiandiradiobiology
5. Whichiofithei followingistatementsiisitrueiofiorbitsiorishellsiinitheiatom?
a. Protonsitraveliarounditheinucleusiiniwell-
definedishells.
b. Ani atomi containsi innumerablei shells.
c. Theienergyileveliwithinieachishelliisithe
same.
d. Theiorbitingishelliclosestitoitheinucleus
hasitheihighestienergyilevel.
ANSWER:i D
Electronsitraveliarounditheinucleusiiniwell-
definedishells.iAniatomicontainsiaimaximumiofisevenishells.iEachiofitheimaximumisevenish
ellsiwithinianiatomirepresentsiaidifferentienergyilevel.iTheiorbitingishelliclosestitoitheinucleu
sihasitheihighestienergyilevel.iTheiKishelliisitheiorbitingishelliclosestitoitheinucleus.
DIF: Comprehension REF:iii Pagei8
OBJ:i 2iTOP:i CDA,iRHS,iIII.B.2.iDescribeitheicharacteristicsiofix-
radiation
MSC:i NBDHE,i 2.0i Obtainingi andi Interpretingi Radiographsi |i NBDHE,i 2.1i Principlesi ofiradiophysi
csiandiradiobiology
6. Theibindingienergyioribindingiforceiofianielectroniis
a. determinedibyitheidistanceibetweenithe
neutronsiandi protonsi withinithei nucleus.
b. determinedibyitheidistanceibetweenithe
orbitingielectronsi andithei nucleus.
, c. weakeriforielectronsilocatediiniinner
shellsithaniiniouterishells.
d. determinedibyitheiatomicinumber.
ANSWER:i B
Theibindingienergyi oribindingi forceiofianielectroniisideterminedibyitheidistanceibetweenithe
i nucleusi andi thei orbitingi electron.iThei bindingi energyi ori bindingi forcei ofi ani electroniisi dete
rminedibyitheidistanceibetweenitheiorbitingielectronianditheinucleus,inotitheidistanceibetwe
enitheiorbitingielectrons.iTheibindingienergyioribindingiforceiofianielectroniisistrongeriforiel
ectronsilocatediiniinnerishellsithaniforiouterishells.
DIF: Recall REF:iii Pagei8 OBJ:iii 2 TOP:i CDA,iN/A
MSC:i NBDHE,i 2.0i Obtainingi andi Interpretingi Radiographsi |i NBDHE,i 2.1i Principlesi ofiradiophysi
csiandiradiobiology
7. Whichiofithei followingistatementsiisitruei ofiionization?
a. Aniatomithatigainsianielectroniwillihaveia
negativeicharge.
b. Aniatomithatilosesianielectroniwillihaveia
negativeicharge.
c. Aniatomithatilosesianielectroniwillihaveia
positiveicharge.
d. Aniatomithatigainsianielectronihasiainegativ
eicharge,iandianiatomithati losesian
electronihasiaipositiveicharge.
ANSWER:i D
Thisiansweriisinotitheibestianswer.iAniatomithatigainsianielectronihasiainegativeicharge;iho
wever,ianiatomithatilosesianielectronihasiaipositiveicharge.iAniatomithatilosesianielectroniwi
llihaveiaipositiveicharge.iAniatomithatilosesianielectronihasiaipositiveicharge;ihowever,ianiat
omithatigainsianielectronihasiainegativeicharge.iAniatomithatigainsianielectroniwillihaveiain
egativeicharge,iandianiatomithatilosesianielectroniwillihaveiaipositiveicharge.
DIF: Comprehension REF:iii Pagei10
OBJ:i 3iTOP:iCDA,iN/A
MSC:i NBDHE,i 2.0i Obtainingi andi Interpretingi Radiographsi |i NBDHE,i 2.1i Principlesi ofiradiophysi
csiandiradiobiology
8. Aniionipairiresultsiwhen
a. aiprotoniisiremovedifromianiatom.
b. anielectroniisiremovedifromianiatom.
c. aineutroniisiremovedifromianiatom.
d. twoiatomsishareiaipairiofielectrons.
ANSWER:i B
Aniionipairiresultsiwhenianielectroniisiremovedi fromianiatomiratherithaniaiproton;iaineutron
.
, DIF: Recall REF:iii Pagei10 OBJ:i 3
TOP:i CDA,i RHS,i III.B.2.i Describei thei characteristicsi ofi x-radiation
MSC:i NBDHE,i 2.0i Obtainingi andi Interpretingi Radiographsi |i NBDHE,i 2.1i Principlesi ofiradiophysi
csiandiradiobiology
9. (1)iRadiationi isitheiemissioniandipropagationiofienergyi throughi spaceioriaisu
bstanceiinithei formiofi wavesiori particles.i(2)iRadioactivityi canibeidefinedi asitheiprocessi byi
whichi certaini unstablei atomsi ori elementsi undergoi spontaneousi disintegration,ioridecay,iinia
nieffortitoiattainiaimoreibalancedinuclearistate.
a. Bothistatementsiareitrue.
b. Bothistatementsiareifalse.
c. Theifirstistatementiisitrue;i theisecond
statementiisi false.
d. Theifirstistatementiisifalse;itheisecond
statementiisitrue.
ANSWER:i A
Radiationiisitheiemissioniandipropagationiofienergyithroughispaceioriaisubstanceiinitheifor
miofiwavesioriparticles.iRadioactivityicanibeidefinediasitheiprocessibyiwhichicertainiunstab
leiatomsiorielementsiundergoispontaneousidisintegration,ioridecay,iinianieffortitoiattainiaim
oreibalancedinuclearistate.
DIF: Recall REF:iii Pagei10 OBJ:i 4
TOP:i CDA,i RHS,i III.B.2.i Describei thei characteristicsi ofi x-radiation
MSC:i NBDHE,i 2.0i Obtainingi andi Interpretingi Radiographsi |i NBDHE,i 2.1i Principlesi ofiradiophysi
csiandiradiobiology
10. Thei spontaneousi emissioni ofi radiationi fromi thei disintegrationi ofi unstableiat
omicinucleiiis
a. betaiparticleidecay.
b. radiation.
c. radioactivity.
d. alphaiparticleidecay.
ANSWER:i C
Betaiparticlesiarei fast-
movingielectronsiemittedi fromitheinucleusiofiradioactiveiatoms.iRadioactivityiisitheiproces
sibyiwhichicertainiunstableiatomsiorielementsiundergoispontaneousidisintegration,ioridecay
,iinianieffortitoiattaini aimoreibalancedinuclearistate.iRadiationiisitheiemissioniandipropagati
oniofienergyithroughi spaceioriai substanceiinitheiformiofi wavesi oriparticles.iRadioactivityii
sitheiprocessibyi whichicertainiunstableiatomsiorielementsiundergoispontaneousidisintegrati
on,ioridecay,iinianieffortitoiattainiaimoreibalancedinuclearistate.iAlphaiparticlesiareiemittedi
fromitheinucleiiofiheavyimetalsiandiexistiasitwoiprotonsiandineutrons,iwithoutielectrons.iR
adioactivityiisitheiprocessibyiwhichicertainiunstableiatomsiorielementsiundergoi spontaneo
usidisintegration,ioridecay,iinianieffortitoiattainiaimoreibalancedinuclearistate.
DIF: Comprehension REF:iii Pagei10 OBJ:i 4
PrinciplesiandiTechniquesi6thiEditioni
byiJoeniIannuccii&iLauraiJanseniHowertoni
Chapters 1i-i35i|iComplete and verified answers
1
0
0
%
,Chapteri01:iRadiationiHistory
Iannucci:iDentaliRadiography,i6thiEdition
MULTIPLEiCHOICE
1. Radiationiisidefinedias
a. aiformiofienergyicarriedibyiwavesioristreamsiofiparticles.
b. aibeamiofienergyithatihasitheipoweritoipenetrateisubstancesiandirecordiimageish
adowsioniaireceptor.
c. aihigh-
energyiradiationiproducedibyitheicollisioniofiaibeamiofielectronsiwithiaimetalitar
getiinianix-rayitube.
d. aibranchiofimedicineithatidealsiwithitheiuseiofix-rays.
ANSWER:i A
Radiationiisiaiformiofienergyicarriedibyiwavesioristreamsiofiparticles.iAnix-
rayiisiaibeamiofienergyithatihasitheipoweritoipenetrateisubstancesiandirecordiimageishadowsioni
aireceptor.
X-radiationiisiaihigh-
energyiradiationiproducedibyitheicollisioniofiaibeamiofielectronsiwithiaimetalitargetiinianix-
rayitube.iRadiologyiisiaibranchiofimedicineithatidealsiwithitheiuseiof
x-rays.
DIF: Recall REF:iiiPagei2 OBJ:i 1
TOP:i CDA,iRHS,iIII.B.2.iDescribeitheicharacteristicsiofix-radiation
MSC:i NBDHE,i2.0iObtainingiandiInterpretingiRadiographsi|iNBDHE,i2.1iPrinciplesiofiradiophysicsiandir
adiobiology
2. Airadiographiisidefinedias
a. aibeamiofienergyithatihasitheipoweritoipenetrateisubstancesiandirecordiimageish
adowsioniaireceptor.
b. aipictureionifilmiproducedibyitheipassageiofix-raysithroughianiobjectioribody.
c. theiartiandiscienceiofimakingiradiographsibyitheiexposureiofianiimageireceptoritoix-
rays.
d. aiformiofienergyicarriedibyiwavesioriaistreamiofiparticles.
ANSWER:i B
Anix-
rayiisiaibeamiofienergyithatihasitheipoweritoipenetrateisubstancesiandirecordiimageishadowsioni
aireceptor.i Airadiographiisiaipictureionifilmiproducedibyitheipassageiofix-
raysithroughianiobjectioribody.iRadiographyiisitheiartiandiscienceiofimakingidentaliimagesibyith
eiexposureiofiaireceptoritoix-
rays.i Radiationiisiaiformiofienergyicarriedibyiwavesioristreamsiofiparticles.
DIF: Comprehension REF:iiiPagei2
OBJ:i1iTOP:i CDA,iRHS,iIII.B.2.iDescribeitheicharacteristicsiofix-
radiation
MSC:i NBDHE,i2.0iObtainingiandiInterpretingiRadiographsi|iNBDHE,i2.1iPrinciplesiofiradiophysicsiandir
adiobiology
3. Youripatientiaskediyouiwhyidentaliimagesiareiimportant.iWhichiofitheifollowingiisitheico
rrectiresponse?
a. Anioraliexaminationiwithidentaliimagesilimitsitheipractitioneritoiwhatiisiseenicli
nically.
,b. Allidentalidiseasesiandiconditionsiproduceiclinicalisignsiandisymptoms.
, c. Dentaliimagesiareinotiainecessaryicomponentioficomprehensiveipatienticare.
d. Manyidentalidiseasesiareitypicallyidiscoveredionlyithroughitheiuseiofidentalii
mages.
ANSWER:i D
Anioraliexaminationiwithoutidentaliimagesilimitsitheipractitioneritoiwhatiisiseeniclinically.iManyi
dentalidiseasesiandiconditionsiproduceinoiclinicalisignsiandisymptoms.iDentaliimagesiareiainecess
aryicomponentioficomprehensiveipatienticare.iManyidentalidiseasesiareitypicallyidiscoveredionlyi
throughitheiuseiofidentaliimages.
DIF: Application REF:iiiPagei2 OBJ:i 2
TOP:i CDA,iRHS,iIII.B.2.iDescribeitheicharacteristicsiofix-radiation
MSC:i NBDHE,i2.0iObtainingiandiInterpretingiRadiographsi|iNBDHE,i2.5iGeneral
4. Theix-rayiwasidiscoverediby
a. HeinrichiGeissler
b. WilhelmiRoentgen
c. JohanniHittorf
d. WilliamiCrookes
ANSWER:i B
HeinrichiGeissleribuiltitheifirstivacuumitubeiini1838.i WilhelmiRoentgenidiscoveredithe
x-
rayioniNovemberi8,i1895.iJohanniHittorfiobservediini1870ithatidischargesiemittedifromitheineg
ativeielectrodeiofiaivacuumitubeitravelediinistraightilines,iproducediheat,iandiresultediiniaigreeni
shifluorescence.iWilliamiCrookesidiscoverediinitheilatei1870sithaticathodeiraysiwereistreamsiof
ichargediparticles.
DIF: Recall REF:iiiPagei2 OBJ:i 4
TOP:i CDA,iRHS,iIII.B.2.iDescribeitheicharacteristicsiofix-radiation
MSC:i NBDHE,i2.0iObtainingiandiInterpretingiRadiographsi|iNBDHE,i2.5iGeneral
5. WhoiexposeditheifirstidentaliradiographiinitheiUnitediStatesiusingiailiveiperson?
a. OttoiWalkoff
b. WilhelmiRoentgen
c. EdmundiKells
d. WestoniPrice
ANSWER:i C
OttoiWalkoffiwasiaiGermanidentistiwhoimadeitheifirstidentaliradiograph.iWilhelmiRoentgeniwas
iaiBavarianiphysicistiwhoidiscovereditheix-
ray.i EdmundiKellsiexposeditheifirstidentaliradiographiinitheiUnitediStatesiusingiailiveiperson.iiiP
riceiintroduceditheibisectingitechniqueiini1904.
DIF: Recall REF:iiiPagei4 OBJ:i 5
TOP:i CDA,iRHS,iIII.B.2.iDescribeitheicharacteristicsiofix-radiation
MSC:i NBDHE,i2.0iObtainingiandiInterpretingiRadiographsi|iNBDHE,i2.5iGeneral
6. Currentifastiradiographicifilmirequires
%ilessiexposureitimeithanitheiinitialiexposureitimesiusediini1920.
a. 33
b. 98
c. 73
, d. 2
ANSWER:i D
Currentifastiradiographicifilmirequiresi98%ilessiexposureitimeithanitheiinitialiexposureitimesius
ediini1920.
DIF: Comprehension REF:iiiPagei5
OBJ:i6iTOP:i CDA,iRHS,iIII.B.2.iDescribeitheicharacteristicsiofix-
radiation
MSC:i NBDHE,i2.0iObtainingiandiInterpretingiRadiographsi|iNBDHE,i2.5iGeneral
7. Whoimodifieditheiparallelingitechniqueiwithitheiintroductioniofitheilong-coneitechnique?
a. C.iEdmundiKells
b. FrankliniW.iMcCormack
c. F.iGordoniFitzgerald
d. HowardiRileyiRaper
ANSWER:i C
C.iEdmundiKellsiintroduceditheiparallelingitechniqueiini1896.iFrankliniW.iMcCormackireintr
oduceditheiparallelingitechniqueiini1920.iF.iGordoniFitzgeraldimodifieditheiparallelingitechniq
ueiwithitheiintroductioniofitheilong-
coneitechnique.iThisiisitheitechniqueicurrentlyiused.iHowardiRileyiRaperimodifieditheibisectin
gitechniqueiandiintroduceditheibite-wingitechniqueiini1925.
DIF: Recall REF:iiiPagei4 OBJ:i 7
TOP:i CDA,iRHS,iIII.B.2.iDescribeitheicharacteristicsiofix-radiation
MSC:i NBDHE,i2.0iObtainingiandiInterpretingiRadiographsi|iNBDHE,i2.5iGeneral
8. Whichiofitheifollowingiisianiadvantageiofidigitaliimaging?
a. Increasedipatientiradiationiexposure
b. Increasedipatienticomfort
c. Increasedispeediforiviewingiimages
d. Increasedichemicaliusage
ANSWER:i C
Patientiexposureiisireducediwithidigitaliimaging.iDigitalisensorsiareimoreisensitiveitoix-
raysithanifilm.iDigitalisensorsiareirigidiandibulky,icausingidecreasedipatienticomfort.iTheiimagei
fromidigitalisensorsiisiuploadedidirectlyitoitheicomputeriandimonitoriwithoutitheineediforichemic
aliprocessing.iThisiallowsiforiimmediateiinterpretationiandievaluation.iTheiimageifromidigitalise
nsorsiisiuploadedidirectlyitoitheicomputeriandimonitoriwithoutitheineediforichemicaliprocessing.
DIF: Comprehension REF:iiiPagei6
OBJ:i7iTOP:i CDA,iRHS,iI.B.2.iDemonstrateibasiciknowledgeiofidigitali
radiography
MSC:i NBDHE,i2.0iObtainingiandiInterpretingiRadiographsi|iNBDHE,i2.5iGeneral
9. Whichidiscoveryiwasitheiprecursoritoitheidiscoveryiofix-rays?
a. Betaiparticles
b. Alphaiparticles
c. Cathodeirays
d. Radioactiveimaterials
ANSWER:i C
, Betaiparticlesiareifastimovingielectronsiemittedifromitheinucleusiofiradioactiveiatomsiandiareinoti
associatediwithix-
rays.iAlphaiparticlesiareiemittedifromitheinucleiiofiheavyimetalsiandiareinotiassociatediwithix-
rays.iWilhelmiRoentgeniwasiexperimentingiwithicathodeiraysiwheniheidiscoveredix-
rays.iRadioactiveimaterialsiareicertainiunstableiatomsiorielementsithatiareiinitheiprocessiofispont
aneousidisintegrationioridecay.
DIF: Comprehension REF:iiiPagei3
OBJ:i4iTOP:i CDA,iRHS,iIII.B.2.iDescribeitheicharacteristicsiofix-
radiation
MSC:i NBDHE,i2.0iObtainingiandiInterpretingiRadiographsi|iNBDHE,i2.5iGeneral
10. Whichiofitheifollowingiwouldiyouiplaceiinitheipatient’simouthiiniorderitoitakeidentalix-rays?
a. Image
b. Imageireceptor
c. Radiograph
d. Dentaliradiograph
ANSWER:i B
Aniimageiisiaipictureiorilikenessiofianiobject.iAniimageireceptoriisitheirecordingimediumi(film,
iphosphoriplate,ioridigitalisensor)ithatiisiplacediinitheipatient’simouthitoirecorditheiimageiprodu
cedibyitheix-rays.iAiradiographiisianiimageiofitwo-dimensionalirepresentationiofiaithree-
idimensionaliobject.iAidentaliradiographiisitheidentaliimageiproducedioniairecordingimedium.
DIF: Application REF:iiiPagei2 OBJ:i 1
TOP:i CDA,iRHS,iIII.B.2.iDescribeitheicharacteristicsiofix-radiation
MSC:i NBDHE,i2.0iObtainingiandiInterpretingiRadiographsi|iNBDHE,i2.5iGeneral
,Chapteri 02:i Radiationi Physics
Iannucci:i Dentali Radiography,i 6thi Edition
MULTIPLEi CHOICE
1. Theifundamentaliunitiofimatteriisithe
a. proton.
b. neutron.
c. electron.
d. atom.
ANSWER:i D
Aiprotoniisiai subatomiciparticle;itheifundamentali unitiofimatteriisitheiatom.iAineutroniisiaisu
batomiciparticle;itheifundamentaliunitiofimatteriisitheiatom.iAnielectroniisiaisubatomiciparti
cle;itheifundamentaliunitiofimatteriisitheiatom.iTheifundamentaliunitiofimatteriisitheiatom.
DIF: Recall REF:iii Pagei8 OBJ:i 1
TOP:i CDA,i RHS,i III.B.2.i Describei thei characteristicsi ofi x-radiation
MSC:i NBDHE,i 2.0i Obtainingi andi Interpretingi Radiographsi |i NBDHE,i 2.1i Principlesi ofiradiophysi
csiandiradiobiology
2. Theinucleusiofianiatomicontains
a. protons.
b. neutrons.
c. protonsi andi neutrons.
d. electrons.
ANSWER:i C
Theinucleusiofianiatomicontainsineutronsiasiwelli asi protons.iTheinucleusiofiani atomicontain
siprotonsiasiwelliasineutrons.iTheinucleusiofianiatomicontainsiprotonsiandineutrons.iTheinu
cleusiofianiatomidoesinoticontainielectrons;iiticontainsiprotonsiandineutrons.
DIF: Recall REF:iii Pagei8 OBJ:i 2
TOP:i CDA,i RHS,i III.B.2.i Describei thei characteristicsi ofi x-radiation
MSC:i NBDHE,i 2.0i Obtainingi andi Interpretingi Radiographsi |i NBDHE,i 2.1i Principlesi ofiradiophysi
csiandiradiobiology
3. Whichisubatomiciparticlei carriesi ainegativeielectricali charge?
a. Aineutron
b. Aiproton
c. Anielectron
d. Ainucleon
ANSWER:i C
Aineutronidoesinoticarryianielectricalicharge.iAiprotonicarriesiaipositiveielectricalicharge.iAn
i electroni carriesi ai negative i electricali charge.iAinucleoni carriesi ai positivei (proton)i or
,noi(neutron)ielectricalicharge.
DIF: Comprehension REF:iii Pagei8
OBJ:i 2iTOP:i CDA,iRHS,iIII.B.2.iDescribeitheicharacteristicsiofix-
radiation
MSC:i NBDHE,i 2.0i Obtainingi andi Interpretingi Radiographsi |i NBDHE,i 2.1i Principlesi ofiradiophysi
csiandiradiobiology
4. Whichiofithei followingielementsiisitheisimplestiatom?
a. Hydrogeni(Hi #1)
b. Heliumi(Hei#2)
c. Nitrogeni(Ni#7)
d. Oxygeni(Oi#8)
ANSWER:i A
Atomicinumbersiareiassignedifromisimplestitoimosticomplex.iHydrogeniisitheisimplestiato
m;iwithiaisingleiproton,iitihasianiatomicinumberiofi1.iHeliumihasianiatomicinumberiofi2.iNi
trogenihasianiatomicinumberiofi7.iOxygenihasianiatomicinumberiofi8.
DIF: Comprehension REF:iii Pagei8
OBJ:i 2iTOP:i CDA,iRHS,iIII.B.2.iDescribeitheicharacteristicsiofix-
radiation
MSC:i NBDHE,i 2.0i Obtainingi andi Interpretingi Radiographsi |i NBDHE,i 2.1i Principlesi ofiradiophysi
csiandiradiobiology
5. Whichiofithei followingistatementsiisitrueiofiorbitsiorishellsiinitheiatom?
a. Protonsitraveliarounditheinucleusiiniwell-
definedishells.
b. Ani atomi containsi innumerablei shells.
c. Theienergyileveliwithinieachishelliisithe
same.
d. Theiorbitingishelliclosestitoitheinucleus
hasitheihighestienergyilevel.
ANSWER:i D
Electronsitraveliarounditheinucleusiiniwell-
definedishells.iAniatomicontainsiaimaximumiofisevenishells.iEachiofitheimaximumisevenish
ellsiwithinianiatomirepresentsiaidifferentienergyilevel.iTheiorbitingishelliclosestitoitheinucleu
sihasitheihighestienergyilevel.iTheiKishelliisitheiorbitingishelliclosestitoitheinucleus.
DIF: Comprehension REF:iii Pagei8
OBJ:i 2iTOP:i CDA,iRHS,iIII.B.2.iDescribeitheicharacteristicsiofix-
radiation
MSC:i NBDHE,i 2.0i Obtainingi andi Interpretingi Radiographsi |i NBDHE,i 2.1i Principlesi ofiradiophysi
csiandiradiobiology
6. Theibindingienergyioribindingiforceiofianielectroniis
a. determinedibyitheidistanceibetweenithe
neutronsiandi protonsi withinithei nucleus.
b. determinedibyitheidistanceibetweenithe
orbitingielectronsi andithei nucleus.
, c. weakeriforielectronsilocatediiniinner
shellsithaniiniouterishells.
d. determinedibyitheiatomicinumber.
ANSWER:i B
Theibindingienergyi oribindingi forceiofianielectroniisideterminedibyitheidistanceibetweenithe
i nucleusi andi thei orbitingi electron.iThei bindingi energyi ori bindingi forcei ofi ani electroniisi dete
rminedibyitheidistanceibetweenitheiorbitingielectronianditheinucleus,inotitheidistanceibetwe
enitheiorbitingielectrons.iTheibindingienergyioribindingiforceiofianielectroniisistrongeriforiel
ectronsilocatediiniinnerishellsithaniforiouterishells.
DIF: Recall REF:iii Pagei8 OBJ:iii 2 TOP:i CDA,iN/A
MSC:i NBDHE,i 2.0i Obtainingi andi Interpretingi Radiographsi |i NBDHE,i 2.1i Principlesi ofiradiophysi
csiandiradiobiology
7. Whichiofithei followingistatementsiisitruei ofiionization?
a. Aniatomithatigainsianielectroniwillihaveia
negativeicharge.
b. Aniatomithatilosesianielectroniwillihaveia
negativeicharge.
c. Aniatomithatilosesianielectroniwillihaveia
positiveicharge.
d. Aniatomithatigainsianielectronihasiainegativ
eicharge,iandianiatomithati losesian
electronihasiaipositiveicharge.
ANSWER:i D
Thisiansweriisinotitheibestianswer.iAniatomithatigainsianielectronihasiainegativeicharge;iho
wever,ianiatomithatilosesianielectronihasiaipositiveicharge.iAniatomithatilosesianielectroniwi
llihaveiaipositiveicharge.iAniatomithatilosesianielectronihasiaipositiveicharge;ihowever,ianiat
omithatigainsianielectronihasiainegativeicharge.iAniatomithatigainsianielectroniwillihaveiain
egativeicharge,iandianiatomithatilosesianielectroniwillihaveiaipositiveicharge.
DIF: Comprehension REF:iii Pagei10
OBJ:i 3iTOP:iCDA,iN/A
MSC:i NBDHE,i 2.0i Obtainingi andi Interpretingi Radiographsi |i NBDHE,i 2.1i Principlesi ofiradiophysi
csiandiradiobiology
8. Aniionipairiresultsiwhen
a. aiprotoniisiremovedifromianiatom.
b. anielectroniisiremovedifromianiatom.
c. aineutroniisiremovedifromianiatom.
d. twoiatomsishareiaipairiofielectrons.
ANSWER:i B
Aniionipairiresultsiwhenianielectroniisiremovedi fromianiatomiratherithaniaiproton;iaineutron
.
, DIF: Recall REF:iii Pagei10 OBJ:i 3
TOP:i CDA,i RHS,i III.B.2.i Describei thei characteristicsi ofi x-radiation
MSC:i NBDHE,i 2.0i Obtainingi andi Interpretingi Radiographsi |i NBDHE,i 2.1i Principlesi ofiradiophysi
csiandiradiobiology
9. (1)iRadiationi isitheiemissioniandipropagationiofienergyi throughi spaceioriaisu
bstanceiinithei formiofi wavesiori particles.i(2)iRadioactivityi canibeidefinedi asitheiprocessi byi
whichi certaini unstablei atomsi ori elementsi undergoi spontaneousi disintegration,ioridecay,iinia
nieffortitoiattainiaimoreibalancedinuclearistate.
a. Bothistatementsiareitrue.
b. Bothistatementsiareifalse.
c. Theifirstistatementiisitrue;i theisecond
statementiisi false.
d. Theifirstistatementiisifalse;itheisecond
statementiisitrue.
ANSWER:i A
Radiationiisitheiemissioniandipropagationiofienergyithroughispaceioriaisubstanceiinitheifor
miofiwavesioriparticles.iRadioactivityicanibeidefinediasitheiprocessibyiwhichicertainiunstab
leiatomsiorielementsiundergoispontaneousidisintegration,ioridecay,iinianieffortitoiattainiaim
oreibalancedinuclearistate.
DIF: Recall REF:iii Pagei10 OBJ:i 4
TOP:i CDA,i RHS,i III.B.2.i Describei thei characteristicsi ofi x-radiation
MSC:i NBDHE,i 2.0i Obtainingi andi Interpretingi Radiographsi |i NBDHE,i 2.1i Principlesi ofiradiophysi
csiandiradiobiology
10. Thei spontaneousi emissioni ofi radiationi fromi thei disintegrationi ofi unstableiat
omicinucleiiis
a. betaiparticleidecay.
b. radiation.
c. radioactivity.
d. alphaiparticleidecay.
ANSWER:i C
Betaiparticlesiarei fast-
movingielectronsiemittedi fromitheinucleusiofiradioactiveiatoms.iRadioactivityiisitheiproces
sibyiwhichicertainiunstableiatomsiorielementsiundergoispontaneousidisintegration,ioridecay
,iinianieffortitoiattaini aimoreibalancedinuclearistate.iRadiationiisitheiemissioniandipropagati
oniofienergyithroughi spaceioriai substanceiinitheiformiofi wavesi oriparticles.iRadioactivityii
sitheiprocessibyi whichicertainiunstableiatomsiorielementsiundergoispontaneousidisintegrati
on,ioridecay,iinianieffortitoiattainiaimoreibalancedinuclearistate.iAlphaiparticlesiareiemittedi
fromitheinucleiiofiheavyimetalsiandiexistiasitwoiprotonsiandineutrons,iwithoutielectrons.iR
adioactivityiisitheiprocessibyiwhichicertainiunstableiatomsiorielementsiundergoi spontaneo
usidisintegration,ioridecay,iinianieffortitoiattainiaimoreibalancedinuclearistate.
DIF: Comprehension REF:iii Pagei10 OBJ:i 4
