NURS 290 Exam 2 with 112 Graded A+.
NURS 290 Exam 2 with 112 Graded A+.
Active transport - ANSWER The active (energy-requiring) movement of a substance between different
tissues via pumping mechanisms contained within cell membranes.
Diffusion - ANSWER The passive movement of a substance (e.g., a drug) between different tissues from
areas of higher concentration. (Compare with active transport
neonate - ANSWER pertaining to a person younger than 1 month of age; newborn infant
Older adult - ANSWER pertaining to a person who is 65 years of age or older
Pediatric - ANSWER pertaining to a person who is 12 years of age or younger
Polypharmacy - ANSWER The use of many different drugs concurrently in treating a patient, who often
has several health problems.
Pregnancy category A - ANSWER no risk to fetus
Pregnancy category B - ANSWER No risk to animal fetus; information for human fetus not available
Pregnancy category C - ANSWER Adverse effects reported in the animal fetus; information for humans is
not available
Pregnancy category D - ANSWER Possible fetal risk in humans has been reported; however, in selected
cases consideration of the potential benefit versus risk may warrant use of these drugs in pregnant
women.
Pregnancy Category X - ANSWER Fetal abnormalities have been reported, and positive evidence of fetal
risk in humans is available from animal and/or human studies. These drugs are not to be used in
pregnant women.
,NURS 290 Exam 2 with 112 Graded A+.
Opiods - ANSWER Drug complications: Confusion, constipation, urinary retention, nausea, vomiting,
respiratory depression, falls
nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) - ANSWER Drug complications: Edema, nausea, gastric
ulceration, bleeding, renal toxicity
anticoagulant (heparin, warfarin) - ANSWER Drug complications: Major and minor bleeding episodes,
many drug interactions, dietary interactions
Anticholinergics - ANSWER Drug complications: blurred vision, dry mouth, constipation, confusion,
urinary retention, tachycardia
Antidepressants - ANSWER Drug complications: sedation and strong anticholinergic adverse effects
Antihypertensives - ANSWER Drug complications: nausea, hypotension, diarrhea, bradycardia, heart
failure, impotence
Cardiac glycosides (e.g., digoxin) - ANSWER Drug complications: Visual disorders, nausea, diarrhea,
dysrhythmias, hallucinations, decreased appetite, weight loss
Sedatives and hypnotonics - ANSWER Drug complications: confusion, daytime sedation, ataxia, lethargy,
increased risk for falls
Central Nervous System (CNS) depressants (muscle relaxants, opioids) - ANSWER Drug complications:
sedation, weakness, dry mouth, confusion, urinary retention, ataxia
Thiazides diuretics - ANSWER Drug complications: electrolyte imbalance, rashes, fatigue, leg cramps,
dehydration
Bladder flow obstruction - ANSWER anticholinergics, antihistamines, decongestants, antidepressants
, NURS 290 Exam 2 with 112 Graded A+.
Clotting disorders - ANSWER NSAIDs, aspirin, antiplatelet drugs
chronic constipation - ANSWER calcium channel blockers, tricyclic antidepressants, anticholinergics
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) - ANSWER Long-acting sedatives or hypnotics, narcotics,
beta blockers
heart failure and hypertension - ANSWER sodium, decongestants, amphetamines, over the counter cold
products
insomnia - ANSWER Decongestants, bronchodilators, monoamine oxidase inhibitors
Parkinson's disease - ANSWER Antipsychotics, phenothiazines
syncope, falls - ANSWER sedatives, hypnotics, opioids, CNS depressants, muscle relaxants,
antidepressants, antihypertensives
Bias - ANSWER any systematic error in a measurement process
black box warning - ANSWER A type of warning that appears in a drug's prescribing information and is
required by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to alert prescribers of serious adverse events
that have occurred with the given drug.
Blinded investigational drug study - ANSWER A research design in which the subjects are purposely
unaware of whether the substance they are administered is the drug under study or a placebo. This
method serves to minimize bias on the part of research subjects in reporting their body's responses to
investigational drugs.
controlled substances - ANSWER Any drugs listed on one of the "schedules" of the Controlled Substance
Act
NURS 290 Exam 2 with 112 Graded A+.
Active transport - ANSWER The active (energy-requiring) movement of a substance between different
tissues via pumping mechanisms contained within cell membranes.
Diffusion - ANSWER The passive movement of a substance (e.g., a drug) between different tissues from
areas of higher concentration. (Compare with active transport
neonate - ANSWER pertaining to a person younger than 1 month of age; newborn infant
Older adult - ANSWER pertaining to a person who is 65 years of age or older
Pediatric - ANSWER pertaining to a person who is 12 years of age or younger
Polypharmacy - ANSWER The use of many different drugs concurrently in treating a patient, who often
has several health problems.
Pregnancy category A - ANSWER no risk to fetus
Pregnancy category B - ANSWER No risk to animal fetus; information for human fetus not available
Pregnancy category C - ANSWER Adverse effects reported in the animal fetus; information for humans is
not available
Pregnancy category D - ANSWER Possible fetal risk in humans has been reported; however, in selected
cases consideration of the potential benefit versus risk may warrant use of these drugs in pregnant
women.
Pregnancy Category X - ANSWER Fetal abnormalities have been reported, and positive evidence of fetal
risk in humans is available from animal and/or human studies. These drugs are not to be used in
pregnant women.
,NURS 290 Exam 2 with 112 Graded A+.
Opiods - ANSWER Drug complications: Confusion, constipation, urinary retention, nausea, vomiting,
respiratory depression, falls
nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) - ANSWER Drug complications: Edema, nausea, gastric
ulceration, bleeding, renal toxicity
anticoagulant (heparin, warfarin) - ANSWER Drug complications: Major and minor bleeding episodes,
many drug interactions, dietary interactions
Anticholinergics - ANSWER Drug complications: blurred vision, dry mouth, constipation, confusion,
urinary retention, tachycardia
Antidepressants - ANSWER Drug complications: sedation and strong anticholinergic adverse effects
Antihypertensives - ANSWER Drug complications: nausea, hypotension, diarrhea, bradycardia, heart
failure, impotence
Cardiac glycosides (e.g., digoxin) - ANSWER Drug complications: Visual disorders, nausea, diarrhea,
dysrhythmias, hallucinations, decreased appetite, weight loss
Sedatives and hypnotonics - ANSWER Drug complications: confusion, daytime sedation, ataxia, lethargy,
increased risk for falls
Central Nervous System (CNS) depressants (muscle relaxants, opioids) - ANSWER Drug complications:
sedation, weakness, dry mouth, confusion, urinary retention, ataxia
Thiazides diuretics - ANSWER Drug complications: electrolyte imbalance, rashes, fatigue, leg cramps,
dehydration
Bladder flow obstruction - ANSWER anticholinergics, antihistamines, decongestants, antidepressants
, NURS 290 Exam 2 with 112 Graded A+.
Clotting disorders - ANSWER NSAIDs, aspirin, antiplatelet drugs
chronic constipation - ANSWER calcium channel blockers, tricyclic antidepressants, anticholinergics
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) - ANSWER Long-acting sedatives or hypnotics, narcotics,
beta blockers
heart failure and hypertension - ANSWER sodium, decongestants, amphetamines, over the counter cold
products
insomnia - ANSWER Decongestants, bronchodilators, monoamine oxidase inhibitors
Parkinson's disease - ANSWER Antipsychotics, phenothiazines
syncope, falls - ANSWER sedatives, hypnotics, opioids, CNS depressants, muscle relaxants,
antidepressants, antihypertensives
Bias - ANSWER any systematic error in a measurement process
black box warning - ANSWER A type of warning that appears in a drug's prescribing information and is
required by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to alert prescribers of serious adverse events
that have occurred with the given drug.
Blinded investigational drug study - ANSWER A research design in which the subjects are purposely
unaware of whether the substance they are administered is the drug under study or a placebo. This
method serves to minimize bias on the part of research subjects in reporting their body's responses to
investigational drugs.
controlled substances - ANSWER Any drugs listed on one of the "schedules" of the Controlled Substance
Act
