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Exam (elaborations)

Test Bank For Pediatric Physical Examination An Illustrated Handbook 3rd Edition by Karen G. Duderstadt 9780323476508 Chapter 1-20 Complete Guide

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Test Bank For Pediatric Physical Examination An Illustrated Handbook 3rd Edition by Karen G. Duderstadt 9780323476508 Chapter 1-20 Complete Guide

Institution
Pediatric Physical
Course
Pediatric Physical











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Institution
Pediatric Physical
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Pediatric Physical

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July 3, 2025
Number of pages
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Written in
2024/2025
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,Pediatric Physical Examination 3rd Edition Duderstadt TESTBANK
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Chapter 1: Approach to Care and Assessment of Children and Adolescents
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MULTIPLE CHOICE ti




1. A nurse is reviewing developmental concepts for infants and children. Which statement best de
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scribes development in infants and children?
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a. Development, a predictable and orderly process, occurs at varying rates within normal limits.
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b. Development is primarily related to the growth in the number and size of cells.
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, c. Development occurs in a proximodistal direction with fine muscle development occurring fi ti ti ti ti ti ti ti ti ti ti ti


rst.

d. Development is more easily and accurately measured than growth. ti ti ti ti ti ti ti ti




ANS: A ti




Development, a continuous orderly process, provides the basis for increases in the childs function an
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d complexity of behavior. The increases in rate of function and complexity can vary normally within
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limits for each child. An increase in the number and size of cells is a definition for growth. Developm
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ent proceeds in a proximodistal direction with fine muscle organization occurring as a result of large
ti ti ti ti ti ti ti ti ti ti ti ti ti ti ti ti



muscle organization. Development is a more complex process that is affected by many factors; there
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fore, it is less easily and accurately measured. Growth is a predictable process with standard measure
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ment methods. ti




2. Frequent developmental assessments are important for which reason?
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a. Stable developmental periods during infancy provide an opportunity to identify any delays or de
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ficits.

b. Infants need stimulation specific to the stage of development.
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c. Critical periods of development occur during childhood. ti ti ti ti ti ti




d. Child development is unpredictable and needs monitoring.
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ANS: C ti




Critical periods are blocks of time during which children are ready to master specific developmental
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tasks. Children can master these tasks more easily during particular periods of time in their growth an
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d developmental process. Infancy is a dynamic time of development that requires frequent evaluatio
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ns to assess appropriate developmental progress. Infants in a nurturing environment will develop ap
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propriately and will not necessarily need stimulation specific to their developmental stage. Normal g
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rowth and development are orderly and proceed in a predictable pattern on the basis of each individu
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als abilities and potentials.
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3. Which factor has the greatest influence on child growth and development?
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a. Culture

b. Environment

c. Genetics

, d. Nutrition


ANS: C ti




Genetic factors (heredity) determine each individuals growth and developmental rate. Although fac
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tors such as environment, culture, nutrition, and family can influence genetic traits, they do not elimi
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nate the effect of the genetic endowment, which is permanent. Culture is a significant factor that infl
ti ti ti ti ti ti ti ti ti ti ti ti ti ti ti ti



uences how children grow toward adulthood. Culture influences both growth and development but
ti ti ti ti ti ti ti ti ti ti ti ti ti



does not eliminate inborn genetic influences. Environment has a significant role in determining gro
ti ti ti ti ti ti ti ti ti ti ti ti ti



wth and development both before and after birth. The environment can influence how and to which
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extent genetic traits are manifested, but environmental factors cannot eliminate the effect of genetic
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s. Nutrition is critical for growth and plays a significant role throughout childhood.
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4. A nurse is planning a teaching session with a child. According to Piagetian theory, the period of
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cognitive development in which the child is able to distinguish fact from fantasy is the period of co
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gnitive development. ti




a. sensorimotor

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