TEST BANK FOR
zx zx
Immunology and Serology in Laboratory Medicine, 7th Edition by Mary Louise Turgeon
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
Chapter 1-27
zx
,Chapter 01: Highlights of the Innate and Adaptive Immune Systems
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
MULTIPLE CHOICE zx
1. The ―father‖ of immunology is generally considered to be
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
a. Koch.
b. Pasteur.
c. Gram.
d. Salk.
ANS: B z x
Louis Pasteur is generally considered to be the ―father of immunology.‖
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
DIF: Cognitive Level: I zx zx
2. An early form of immunization was practiced by the
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
a. Romans.
b. Greeks.
c. Chinese.
d. Native Americans. zx
ANS: C z x
Beginning about 1000 AD, the Chinese practiced a form of immunization by inhaling dried p
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
owders derived from the crusts of smallpox lesions.
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
DIF: Cognitive Level: I zx zx
3. A zx specific function of the immune system is to
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
a. recognize self from nonself. zx zx zx
b. defend the body against nonself. zx zx zx zx
c. amplify specific functions. zx zx
d. Both A and B. zx zx zx
ANS: D z x
The function of the immune system is to recognize self from nonself and defend the body ag
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
ainst nonself. Such a system is necessary for survival. The immune system also has nonspeci
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
fic effector mechanisms that usually amplify the specific functions. Nonspecific components
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
of the immune system include mononuclear phagocytes, polymorphonuclear leukocytes, and
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
soluble factors (e.g., complement).
zx zx zx
DIF: Cognitive Level: I zx zx
4. An undesirable consequence of immunity is
zx zx zx zx zx
a. natural resistance. zx
b. acquired resistance to infectious diseases. zx zx zx zx
, c. an autoimmune disorder.
zx zx
d. recovery from infectious disease. zx zx zx
ANS: C z x
The desirable consequences of immunity include natural resistance, recovery, and acquired r
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
esistance to infectious diseases. A deficiency or dysfunction of the immune system can cause
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx z
xmany disorders. Undesirable consequences of immunity include allergy, rejection of a transp
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
lanted organ, or an autoimmune disorder.
zx zx zx zx zx
DIF: Cognitive Level: I zx zx
5. The immune system has various distinctive characteristics except;
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
a. specificity.
b. memory.
c. mobility.
d. noncooperation among different cells. zx zx zx
ANS: D z x
The immune system is composed of a large, complex set of widely distributed elements, wit
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
h the distinctive characteristics of specificity, memory, mobility, replicability, and cooperatio
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
n among different cells or cellular products. Specificity and memory are characteristics of ly
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
mphocytes in the immune system. Nonspecific elements of the immune system demonstrate
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
mobility. In addition, specific and nonspecific cellular components of the immune system ca
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
n replicate. Cooperation is required for optimal functioning, and interaction involves specific
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx z
cellular elements, cell products, and nonlymphoid elements.
x zx zx zx zx zx zx
DIF: Cognitive Level: I zx zx
6. Hematopoiesis occurs in the yolk sac during the zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
a. immediate hours after conception zx zx zx
b. second month of gestation. zx zx zx
c. second trimester of gestation. zx zx zx
d. periods of severe anemia in children.
zx zx zx zx zx
ANS: A z x
The sites of blood cell development, or hematopoiesis, follow a definite sequence in the emb
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
ryo and fetus. Hematopoiesis occurs in the yolk sac during the second month of gestation.
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
DIF: Cognitive Level: II zx zx
7. The sequence of blood cell development in the embryo and fetus is
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
a. yolk sac, liver-spleen, bone marrow.
zx zx zx zx
b. yolk sac, bone marrow, liver/spleen.
zx zx zx zx
c. liver-spleen, yolk sac, bone marrow. zx zx zx zx
d. bone marrow, liver-spleen, yolk sac.
zx zx zx zx
ANS: A z x
, The first blood cells are primitive red blood cells (erythroblasts; RBCs) formed in the islets
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
of the yolk sac during the first 2 to 8 weeks of life. Gradually, the liver and spleen replace
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
the yolk sac as the sites of blood cell development. By the second month of gestation, the l
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
iver becomes the major site of hematopoiesis, and granular types of leukocytes have made t
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
heir initial appearance. The liver and spleen predominate from about 2 to 5 months of fetal
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
life. In the fourth month of gestation, bone marrow begins to produce blood cells. After the
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
fifth fetal month, bone marrow begins to assume its ultimate role as the primary site of he
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
matopoiesis.
DIF: Cognitive Level: II zx zx
8. The primary function of mature neutrophils is
zx zx zx zx zx zx
a. to reduce inflammation.zx zx
b. to lyse parasites in the circulatory system.
zx zx zx zx zx zx
c. antigen recognition. zx
d. phagocytosis.
ANS: D z x
Various phagocytic cells continually circulate throughout the blood, lymph, gastrointestinal s
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
ystem, and respiratory tract. When trauma occurs, the neutrophils arrive at the site of injury
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
and can be found in the initial exudate in less than 1 hour. Monocytes are slower in moving t
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
o the inflammatory site. Macrophages resident in the tissues of the body are already in place
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx z
to deal with an intruding agent. Additional macrophages from the bone marrow and other tis
x zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
sues can be released in severe infections.
zx zx zx zx zx zx
DIF: Cognitive Level: II zx zx
9. Primary granules, or azurophilic granules, in neutrophils contain
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
a. lysozyme.
b. myeloperoxidase.
c. lactoferrin.
d. Both A and B. zx zx zx
ANS: D z x
Granules in the phagocyte cytosol contain degradatory enzymes of three types
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
1. Primary, or azurophilic, granules containing enzymes (e.g., lysozyme zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
, myeloperoxidase) zx
2. Secondary, or specific, granules containing substances such as lactoferrin. zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
3. Tertiary granules containing substances such as caspases zx zx zx zx zx zx
DIF: Cognitive Level: I zx zx
10. The origin of a condition when eosinophils are increased in the circulating blood is associat
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
ed with: zx
a. fungus
b. parasitic amoeba zx
c. allergic reactions zx
d. bacteria
ANS: C z x
zx zx
Immunology and Serology in Laboratory Medicine, 7th Edition by Mary Louise Turgeon
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
Chapter 1-27
zx
,Chapter 01: Highlights of the Innate and Adaptive Immune Systems
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
MULTIPLE CHOICE zx
1. The ―father‖ of immunology is generally considered to be
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
a. Koch.
b. Pasteur.
c. Gram.
d. Salk.
ANS: B z x
Louis Pasteur is generally considered to be the ―father of immunology.‖
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
DIF: Cognitive Level: I zx zx
2. An early form of immunization was practiced by the
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
a. Romans.
b. Greeks.
c. Chinese.
d. Native Americans. zx
ANS: C z x
Beginning about 1000 AD, the Chinese practiced a form of immunization by inhaling dried p
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
owders derived from the crusts of smallpox lesions.
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
DIF: Cognitive Level: I zx zx
3. A zx specific function of the immune system is to
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
a. recognize self from nonself. zx zx zx
b. defend the body against nonself. zx zx zx zx
c. amplify specific functions. zx zx
d. Both A and B. zx zx zx
ANS: D z x
The function of the immune system is to recognize self from nonself and defend the body ag
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
ainst nonself. Such a system is necessary for survival. The immune system also has nonspeci
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
fic effector mechanisms that usually amplify the specific functions. Nonspecific components
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
of the immune system include mononuclear phagocytes, polymorphonuclear leukocytes, and
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
soluble factors (e.g., complement).
zx zx zx
DIF: Cognitive Level: I zx zx
4. An undesirable consequence of immunity is
zx zx zx zx zx
a. natural resistance. zx
b. acquired resistance to infectious diseases. zx zx zx zx
, c. an autoimmune disorder.
zx zx
d. recovery from infectious disease. zx zx zx
ANS: C z x
The desirable consequences of immunity include natural resistance, recovery, and acquired r
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
esistance to infectious diseases. A deficiency or dysfunction of the immune system can cause
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx z
xmany disorders. Undesirable consequences of immunity include allergy, rejection of a transp
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
lanted organ, or an autoimmune disorder.
zx zx zx zx zx
DIF: Cognitive Level: I zx zx
5. The immune system has various distinctive characteristics except;
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
a. specificity.
b. memory.
c. mobility.
d. noncooperation among different cells. zx zx zx
ANS: D z x
The immune system is composed of a large, complex set of widely distributed elements, wit
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
h the distinctive characteristics of specificity, memory, mobility, replicability, and cooperatio
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
n among different cells or cellular products. Specificity and memory are characteristics of ly
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
mphocytes in the immune system. Nonspecific elements of the immune system demonstrate
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
mobility. In addition, specific and nonspecific cellular components of the immune system ca
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
n replicate. Cooperation is required for optimal functioning, and interaction involves specific
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx z
cellular elements, cell products, and nonlymphoid elements.
x zx zx zx zx zx zx
DIF: Cognitive Level: I zx zx
6. Hematopoiesis occurs in the yolk sac during the zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
a. immediate hours after conception zx zx zx
b. second month of gestation. zx zx zx
c. second trimester of gestation. zx zx zx
d. periods of severe anemia in children.
zx zx zx zx zx
ANS: A z x
The sites of blood cell development, or hematopoiesis, follow a definite sequence in the emb
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
ryo and fetus. Hematopoiesis occurs in the yolk sac during the second month of gestation.
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
DIF: Cognitive Level: II zx zx
7. The sequence of blood cell development in the embryo and fetus is
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
a. yolk sac, liver-spleen, bone marrow.
zx zx zx zx
b. yolk sac, bone marrow, liver/spleen.
zx zx zx zx
c. liver-spleen, yolk sac, bone marrow. zx zx zx zx
d. bone marrow, liver-spleen, yolk sac.
zx zx zx zx
ANS: A z x
, The first blood cells are primitive red blood cells (erythroblasts; RBCs) formed in the islets
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
of the yolk sac during the first 2 to 8 weeks of life. Gradually, the liver and spleen replace
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
the yolk sac as the sites of blood cell development. By the second month of gestation, the l
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
iver becomes the major site of hematopoiesis, and granular types of leukocytes have made t
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
heir initial appearance. The liver and spleen predominate from about 2 to 5 months of fetal
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
life. In the fourth month of gestation, bone marrow begins to produce blood cells. After the
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
fifth fetal month, bone marrow begins to assume its ultimate role as the primary site of he
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
matopoiesis.
DIF: Cognitive Level: II zx zx
8. The primary function of mature neutrophils is
zx zx zx zx zx zx
a. to reduce inflammation.zx zx
b. to lyse parasites in the circulatory system.
zx zx zx zx zx zx
c. antigen recognition. zx
d. phagocytosis.
ANS: D z x
Various phagocytic cells continually circulate throughout the blood, lymph, gastrointestinal s
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
ystem, and respiratory tract. When trauma occurs, the neutrophils arrive at the site of injury
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
and can be found in the initial exudate in less than 1 hour. Monocytes are slower in moving t
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
o the inflammatory site. Macrophages resident in the tissues of the body are already in place
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx z
to deal with an intruding agent. Additional macrophages from the bone marrow and other tis
x zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
sues can be released in severe infections.
zx zx zx zx zx zx
DIF: Cognitive Level: II zx zx
9. Primary granules, or azurophilic granules, in neutrophils contain
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
a. lysozyme.
b. myeloperoxidase.
c. lactoferrin.
d. Both A and B. zx zx zx
ANS: D z x
Granules in the phagocyte cytosol contain degradatory enzymes of three types
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
1. Primary, or azurophilic, granules containing enzymes (e.g., lysozyme zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
, myeloperoxidase) zx
2. Secondary, or specific, granules containing substances such as lactoferrin. zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
3. Tertiary granules containing substances such as caspases zx zx zx zx zx zx
DIF: Cognitive Level: I zx zx
10. The origin of a condition when eosinophils are increased in the circulating blood is associat
zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx
ed with: zx
a. fungus
b. parasitic amoeba zx
c. allergic reactions zx
d. bacteria
ANS: C z x
