ENSC EXAM 1 STUDY GUIDE
Environment - Answers :Circumstances or conditions that surround an organism or
group or organisms
Environmental Science - Answers :The systematic study of our environment and our
proper place in it.
Economic sustainability - Answers :The ability of an economy to support a defined level
of economic production indefinitely
Four distinct Stages - Answers :Pragmatic Resource Conservation
Moral and Aesthetic Nature Preservation
Concern about Health and Ecological Damage
Global Environmental Citizenship
Pragmatic Resource Conservation - Answers :Use only what you need, but use it
Moral and Aesthetic Nature Preservation - Answers :Keep it pristine and value it for its
aesthetic value and because it's the right thing to do
Pragmatic Utilitarian Conservation - Answers :Resources should be used "For the
greatest good for the greatest number for the longest time"
Land Ethic - Answers :We should care for the land because it is the right thing to do and
the smart thing
How many people live in extreme poverty (Earning less than $1.25US per day)? -
Answers :More than 1.4 billion
Ethics - Answers :A branch of philosphy concerned with what actions are right and
wrong
Environmental ethics - Answers :Deals with our moral obligations to the world around us
Worldviews - Answers :Sets of basic beliefs, images and understandings that shape
how we see the world around us. Also determines what questions are valid to ask
Moral extensionism - Answers :Extending moral values to others
Value - Answers :A measure of the worth of something
Stewardship - Answers :Taking care of the resources we are given
, Environmental justice - Answers :Combines civil rights with environmental protection to
demand a safe and healthy environment for everyone
Envrionmental Racism - Answers :An inequitable distribution of enviornmental hazards
based on race
Toxic Colonialism - Answers :The practice of targeting poor communities of color in
developing nations as waste disposal areas
Science - Answers :A process for producing knowledge methodically and logically
It depends on making precise observations of natural phenomena
Accuracy - Answers :Correctness of measurements
Repproducability - Answers :Repeatability of results
Logical Reasoning - Answers :Scientists draw conclusions from general laws they know
to be true
Deductive reasoning - Answers :Logical reasoning from general to specific
Inductive reasoning - Answers :Reasoning from many specific observations to produce
a general rule
What does science depend on? - Answers :Orderly testing
Hypothesis - Answers :A testable explanation for the cause of an observed
phenomenon
Scientific Theory - Answers :A description or explanation that has been supported by a
large number of tests and is considred by experts to be reliable
Natural Experiment - Answers :Involves observations of events that have already
happened
manipulative experiment - Answers :Some condition is deliberately altered, and all other
variables are held constant
Blind experiment - Answers :Researcher does not know which group has been treated
until after the date has been analyzed
double-blind experiment - Answers :Neither the subject nor the researcher knows who is
in the treatment group
Environment - Answers :Circumstances or conditions that surround an organism or
group or organisms
Environmental Science - Answers :The systematic study of our environment and our
proper place in it.
Economic sustainability - Answers :The ability of an economy to support a defined level
of economic production indefinitely
Four distinct Stages - Answers :Pragmatic Resource Conservation
Moral and Aesthetic Nature Preservation
Concern about Health and Ecological Damage
Global Environmental Citizenship
Pragmatic Resource Conservation - Answers :Use only what you need, but use it
Moral and Aesthetic Nature Preservation - Answers :Keep it pristine and value it for its
aesthetic value and because it's the right thing to do
Pragmatic Utilitarian Conservation - Answers :Resources should be used "For the
greatest good for the greatest number for the longest time"
Land Ethic - Answers :We should care for the land because it is the right thing to do and
the smart thing
How many people live in extreme poverty (Earning less than $1.25US per day)? -
Answers :More than 1.4 billion
Ethics - Answers :A branch of philosphy concerned with what actions are right and
wrong
Environmental ethics - Answers :Deals with our moral obligations to the world around us
Worldviews - Answers :Sets of basic beliefs, images and understandings that shape
how we see the world around us. Also determines what questions are valid to ask
Moral extensionism - Answers :Extending moral values to others
Value - Answers :A measure of the worth of something
Stewardship - Answers :Taking care of the resources we are given
, Environmental justice - Answers :Combines civil rights with environmental protection to
demand a safe and healthy environment for everyone
Envrionmental Racism - Answers :An inequitable distribution of enviornmental hazards
based on race
Toxic Colonialism - Answers :The practice of targeting poor communities of color in
developing nations as waste disposal areas
Science - Answers :A process for producing knowledge methodically and logically
It depends on making precise observations of natural phenomena
Accuracy - Answers :Correctness of measurements
Repproducability - Answers :Repeatability of results
Logical Reasoning - Answers :Scientists draw conclusions from general laws they know
to be true
Deductive reasoning - Answers :Logical reasoning from general to specific
Inductive reasoning - Answers :Reasoning from many specific observations to produce
a general rule
What does science depend on? - Answers :Orderly testing
Hypothesis - Answers :A testable explanation for the cause of an observed
phenomenon
Scientific Theory - Answers :A description or explanation that has been supported by a
large number of tests and is considred by experts to be reliable
Natural Experiment - Answers :Involves observations of events that have already
happened
manipulative experiment - Answers :Some condition is deliberately altered, and all other
variables are held constant
Blind experiment - Answers :Researcher does not know which group has been treated
until after the date has been analyzed
double-blind experiment - Answers :Neither the subject nor the researcher knows who is
in the treatment group
