Introduction to Psychological Research and
Ethics
Psychology 260
EXAM #3
1.A study finds a correlation coefficient of r=.32. According to Cohen’s benchmarks, the
magnitude of this effect is:
a. Moderate
b. Large
c. Multiply determined
d. Categorical
2. When examining an association claim using a bar graph, an association is indicated by which
of the following?
a. A difference in the height between the bars
b. The number of bars in the graph
c. The number of observations that make each bar
d. The direction of the bars
3. Which of the following tells you that an association claim is being made?
a. The graph used to interpret the results
b. The fact that the two variables are measured
c. The statistic used to interpret the results
d. The validities that can be established
4. In which of the following cases might a small effect still be important?
a. When the sample is very large
b. When the study has life-or-death implications
c. When the finding is also statistically significant
d. When external validity is high
5. Statistical significance depends on which of the following?
a. Sample size and number of variables analyzed
b. Direction of the association and strength of the association
c. Sample size and effect size
d. Number of outliers and direction of the association
, Introduction to Psychological Research and
Ethics
Psychology 260
EXAM #3
6. Martin has found a correlation of r=.18 between the two variables of caffeine consumption
and frontal lobe activity. This correlation is more likely to be statistically significant if:
a. The study can be applied to the real world
b. Martin used a larger number of subjects
c. Martin measured frontal lobe activity extremely accurately
d. Martin’s measure of caffeine consumption is categorical
7. Martin has found a correlation of r=.18 between the two variables of caffeine consumption
and frontal lobe activity. This correlation is more likely to be statistically significant if:
a. The way the sample was selected from the population
b. The size of the sample
c. The number of subgroups
d. The size of the original population
8. Which of the following is NOT a question you should ask about the statistical validity of
an association claim?
a. What is the effect size?
b. Are there subgroups?
c. Is random assignment affecting the findings?
d. Could outliers be affecting the relationship?
9. Which of the following is true of moderators?
a. They help establish a cause and effect relationship.
b. They decrease effect size.
c. They can inform external validity.
d. They weaken statistical significance.
10. Which of the following studies is an example of a longitudinal design?
a. Dr. Jonason’s study in which he measured job satisfaction in a group of Chinese
factory workers and in a group of American factory workers.
b. Dr. Stabler’s study in which he measured teenagers’ experiences with bullying in sixth
grade and their aggressive tendencies in 12th grade.
c. Dr. Benson’s study in which she measured people’s spatial manipulation ability in
August and measured their ability again in May after they had taken two semesters of art classes.
d. Dr. Tutola’s study in which he measured men’s ability to judge distances and compared
those to women’s abilities in the same area.
Ethics
Psychology 260
EXAM #3
1.A study finds a correlation coefficient of r=.32. According to Cohen’s benchmarks, the
magnitude of this effect is:
a. Moderate
b. Large
c. Multiply determined
d. Categorical
2. When examining an association claim using a bar graph, an association is indicated by which
of the following?
a. A difference in the height between the bars
b. The number of bars in the graph
c. The number of observations that make each bar
d. The direction of the bars
3. Which of the following tells you that an association claim is being made?
a. The graph used to interpret the results
b. The fact that the two variables are measured
c. The statistic used to interpret the results
d. The validities that can be established
4. In which of the following cases might a small effect still be important?
a. When the sample is very large
b. When the study has life-or-death implications
c. When the finding is also statistically significant
d. When external validity is high
5. Statistical significance depends on which of the following?
a. Sample size and number of variables analyzed
b. Direction of the association and strength of the association
c. Sample size and effect size
d. Number of outliers and direction of the association
, Introduction to Psychological Research and
Ethics
Psychology 260
EXAM #3
6. Martin has found a correlation of r=.18 between the two variables of caffeine consumption
and frontal lobe activity. This correlation is more likely to be statistically significant if:
a. The study can be applied to the real world
b. Martin used a larger number of subjects
c. Martin measured frontal lobe activity extremely accurately
d. Martin’s measure of caffeine consumption is categorical
7. Martin has found a correlation of r=.18 between the two variables of caffeine consumption
and frontal lobe activity. This correlation is more likely to be statistically significant if:
a. The way the sample was selected from the population
b. The size of the sample
c. The number of subgroups
d. The size of the original population
8. Which of the following is NOT a question you should ask about the statistical validity of
an association claim?
a. What is the effect size?
b. Are there subgroups?
c. Is random assignment affecting the findings?
d. Could outliers be affecting the relationship?
9. Which of the following is true of moderators?
a. They help establish a cause and effect relationship.
b. They decrease effect size.
c. They can inform external validity.
d. They weaken statistical significance.
10. Which of the following studies is an example of a longitudinal design?
a. Dr. Jonason’s study in which he measured job satisfaction in a group of Chinese
factory workers and in a group of American factory workers.
b. Dr. Stabler’s study in which he measured teenagers’ experiences with bullying in sixth
grade and their aggressive tendencies in 12th grade.
c. Dr. Benson’s study in which she measured people’s spatial manipulation ability in
August and measured their ability again in May after they had taken two semesters of art classes.
d. Dr. Tutola’s study in which he measured men’s ability to judge distances and compared
those to women’s abilities in the same area.
