SYSTEMATICANALYSISOFSIMPLESALT-I
SNO Experiment Observation Inference
Analysisofanions
Colour:
Notethecolourofthesalt Absenceofcopper
1 Colourless
sulphate,ironsalt
Actionofheat:
Asmallamountofasaltisheatedin Areddishbrowngaswitha Presenceofanitrate
2. atesttube fishyodourevolves salt
Flametest:
Smallamountofsalt+ Adropof
Conc.HCl+ formapaste.Take NoCharacteristicColour Absenceofacopper,
3. thepasteatthecharredendofthe flameObserved. barium,calcium
splinterandintroduceitnearthe
Bunsenflame
Actionofdil.HCl:
Areddishbrowngaswiththe
Smallamountofsalt + 1mLof
fishyodourturningamoist
4. dil.HCl. Gentlyheatit Presenceofnitrate
ferroussulphatepaper
brownevolves
ActionofConc.H2SO4:
Smallamountofasaltinadrytest Reddishbrowngasturning
5 tube+ Conc.H2SO4andgentlyheat acidifiedferroussulphate Presenceofnitrate
it papergreenevolves.
ActionofMnO2andConc.H2SO4:
Smallamountofsaltinadrytest
tube+ pinchofMnO2+ NoCharacteristicChangeis Absenceofchloride,
6
Conc.H2SO4andgentlyheatit Observed. bromide
ActionofConc.H2SO4andcopper
turning: Areddishbrowngaswith
smallamountofsaltinadrytesttube fishyodourturningamoist
7. Presenceofnitrate.
+fewcopperturnings+ Conc.H2SO4. ferroussulphatepaperbrown
Gentlyheatit evolves
Actionofdil.NaOHsolution:
Smallamontofasalt+ dil.NaOH NoCharacteristicgasis Absenceofammonium
8.
solutionandgentlyeatit. Observed. salt
Chromylchloridetest:
Smallamountofsaltin+ apinchof
9 potassiumdichromateandthree NoRedOrangeisObserved. Absenceofchloride.
dropsConc.H2SO4.Gentlyheatit.
, AnalysiswithSodiumcarbonateextract
PreparationofSodiumcarbonateextract
Take1gofthegivensalt+ 3gofsolidsodiumcarbonate+ 20gofdistilledwater.Boilthe
solutionforfewmins,filter.Thefiltrateiscalledsodiumcarbonateextract.
Testforhalides:
1mlofsodiumcarbonateextract NoCharacteristicpptis Absenceofchloride,
10. +dil.HNO3+1mlofAgNO3,and Observed. bromide,sulphide
shakeit
Testwithbariumchloride:
Onemlofthesodiumcarbonate
11 extract+dil.Aceticacid+1mlof Nowhitepptisformed Absenceofsulphate
bariumchloridesolutionandshake
Testwithleadacetate:
1mlofthesodiumcarbonateextract,
12 +1mlofdilaceticacidandheatit+ Nowhitepptisformed Absenceofsulphate
1mlofleadacetate
Brownringtest:
1mlofthesodiumcarbonateextract
+dil.H2SO4+freshlyprepared
ferroussulphatesolutionthenadd Presenceofnitrate
13 Abrownringisformed
confirmed.
Conc.H2SO4alongthesidesofthe
testtube.
Ammoniummolybdatetest:
1mloftheextract+dilHNO3+about
Nocanaryyellowpptis
14 1mleachofammoniummolybdate Absenceofphosphate
formed.
andConc.HNO3
Testwithsodiumnitrobruside:
1mlofthesodiumcarbonateextract+
Nopurpleorviolet
15 1mlofdil.aommonia.+fewdropsof Absenceofsulphide.
colourationappears
sodiumnitrobruside.
Preparationofsaltsolution:
Toasmallamountofsaltinatesttubeadd2to3mlofwater,shakeitandgentlyheatit.This solution is called “original
solution”.
GROUP0
1mloftheoriginalsaltsolutionadd Nochocolatebrownpptis
1 about 1ml each of Nessler’s reagent Absenceofammonium
obtained.
andNaOH.
GROUPI
Takeabout1mlofthesaltsolutionin
atesttubeAddabout1mLofdilHCl, Presenceof1stgroup
2 AWhitepptisformed.
andshakeit metalions(Pb2+)
Analysisofthe1stgroupppt:
Tothepptaddabout1mlofwater
andboilit Thepptdissolves PresenceofLead
, TestforLead:
Tooneportionofthehot
1 solutionaddabout1mlofK2CrO4 Ayellowpptisobtained PresenceofLead
Toananotherportionofthehot
solutionaddabout1mlofKI.Tothe
yellowpptaddabout1mlofwater, Ayellowpptisobtained.The
yellowpptdissolveson Presenceofleadis
2 boilandcool.
boiling,andoncooling confirmed.
goldenspanglesappear
Result:
TheAnionPresent:NITRATE
ThecationPresent:LEAD
TheGivensimplesalt:LEADNITRATE
SYSTEMATICANALYSISOFSIMPLESALT-II
SNO Experiment Observation Inference
Analysisofanions
Colour: Maybecopper
1 Notethecolourofthesalt Blue
sulphate
Actionofheat:
Asmallamountofasaltisheatedin BlueChangesintoWhitedue Maybecopper
2.
atesttube todehydration sulphate
Flametest:
Smallamountofsalt+Adropof
Conc.HCl,formapaste.Takethe PresenceofaCopper
3. pasteatthecharredendofthe Bluishgreenflame.
salt
splinterandintroduceitnearthe
Bunsenflame
Actionofdil.HCl: Absenceof
4. Smallamountofsalt+1mLofdil. NoCharactristicgasevolves Carbonate,Nitrate,
HCl.Gentlyheatit Sulphide
ActionofConc.H2SO4:
Smallamountofasaltinadrytest AbsenceofChloride,
5 tube+Conc.H2SO4andgentlyheatit NoCharactristicgasevolves
Bromide,Nitrate
ActionofMnO2andConc.H2SO4:
Smallamountofsaltinadrytest
tube+pinchofMnO2+Conc.H2SO4 NoCharacteristicGasis Absenceofchloride,
6
andgentlyheatit evolved. bromide
ActionofConc.H2SO4andcopper
turning:smallamountofsaltinadry
testtube+fewcopperturnings+ Noreddishbrowngas
7. Absenceofnitrate.
Conc.H2SO4.Gentlyheatit evolves
, Actionofdil.NaOHsolution:Small
amontofasalt+dil.NaOHsolution NoCharacteristicgasis Absenceofammonium
8.
andgentlyheatit. Observed. salt
Chromylchloridetest:
Smallamountofsaltin+apinchof
potassiumdichromateandthree NoRedOrangeVapouris
9 Absenceofchloride.
dropsConc.H2SO4.Gentlyheatit. Observed.
AnalysiswithSodiumcarbonateextract
PreparationofSodiumcarbonateextract
Take1gofthegivensalt+3gofsolidsodiumcarbonate+20gofdistilledwater.Boilthesolution
forfewmins,filter.Thefiltrateiscalledsodiumcarbonateextract.
Testforhalides:
1mlofsodiumcarbonateextract
NoCharacteristicpptis Absenceofchloride,
10. +dil.HNO3+1mlofAgNO3,and
shakeit Observed. bromide,sulphide
Testwithbariumchloride:
Onemlofthesodiumcarbonate
extract+dil.Aceticacid+1mlof Awhitepptinsolubleindil Prsenceofsulphateis
11
bariumchloridesolutionandshake H2SO4isformed Confirmed.
Testwithleadacetate:
1mlofthesodiumcarbonateextract, Awhitpptsolubleinexcess
12 +1mlofdilaceticacidandheatit+1 ofammoniumacetateis Presenceofsulphate
mlofLeadAcetate formed
Brownringtest:
1mlofthesodiumcarbonateextract
+dil.H2SO4+freshlyprepared
13 ferroussulphatesolutionthenadd Nobrownringisformed AbsenceofNitrate
Conc.H2SO4alongthesidesofthe
testtube.
Ammoniummolybdatetest:
1mloftheextract+dilHNO3+about
Nocanaryyellowpptis
14 1mLeachofammoniummolybdate AbsenceofPhosphate
formed.
andConc.HNO3
Testwithsodiumnitrobruside:
1mlofthesodiumcarbonateextract
+1mlofdil.aommonia.+fewdrops Nopurpleorviolet
15 ofsodiumnitrobruside. Absenceofsulphide.
colourationappears
Preparationofsaltsolution:
Toasmallamountofsaltinatesttubeadd2to3mlofwater,shakeitandgentlyheatit.This solution is called
“original solution”.
SNO Experiment Observation Inference
Analysisofanions
Colour:
Notethecolourofthesalt Absenceofcopper
1 Colourless
sulphate,ironsalt
Actionofheat:
Asmallamountofasaltisheatedin Areddishbrowngaswitha Presenceofanitrate
2. atesttube fishyodourevolves salt
Flametest:
Smallamountofsalt+ Adropof
Conc.HCl+ formapaste.Take NoCharacteristicColour Absenceofacopper,
3. thepasteatthecharredendofthe flameObserved. barium,calcium
splinterandintroduceitnearthe
Bunsenflame
Actionofdil.HCl:
Areddishbrowngaswiththe
Smallamountofsalt + 1mLof
fishyodourturningamoist
4. dil.HCl. Gentlyheatit Presenceofnitrate
ferroussulphatepaper
brownevolves
ActionofConc.H2SO4:
Smallamountofasaltinadrytest Reddishbrowngasturning
5 tube+ Conc.H2SO4andgentlyheat acidifiedferroussulphate Presenceofnitrate
it papergreenevolves.
ActionofMnO2andConc.H2SO4:
Smallamountofsaltinadrytest
tube+ pinchofMnO2+ NoCharacteristicChangeis Absenceofchloride,
6
Conc.H2SO4andgentlyheatit Observed. bromide
ActionofConc.H2SO4andcopper
turning: Areddishbrowngaswith
smallamountofsaltinadrytesttube fishyodourturningamoist
7. Presenceofnitrate.
+fewcopperturnings+ Conc.H2SO4. ferroussulphatepaperbrown
Gentlyheatit evolves
Actionofdil.NaOHsolution:
Smallamontofasalt+ dil.NaOH NoCharacteristicgasis Absenceofammonium
8.
solutionandgentlyeatit. Observed. salt
Chromylchloridetest:
Smallamountofsaltin+ apinchof
9 potassiumdichromateandthree NoRedOrangeisObserved. Absenceofchloride.
dropsConc.H2SO4.Gentlyheatit.
, AnalysiswithSodiumcarbonateextract
PreparationofSodiumcarbonateextract
Take1gofthegivensalt+ 3gofsolidsodiumcarbonate+ 20gofdistilledwater.Boilthe
solutionforfewmins,filter.Thefiltrateiscalledsodiumcarbonateextract.
Testforhalides:
1mlofsodiumcarbonateextract NoCharacteristicpptis Absenceofchloride,
10. +dil.HNO3+1mlofAgNO3,and Observed. bromide,sulphide
shakeit
Testwithbariumchloride:
Onemlofthesodiumcarbonate
11 extract+dil.Aceticacid+1mlof Nowhitepptisformed Absenceofsulphate
bariumchloridesolutionandshake
Testwithleadacetate:
1mlofthesodiumcarbonateextract,
12 +1mlofdilaceticacidandheatit+ Nowhitepptisformed Absenceofsulphate
1mlofleadacetate
Brownringtest:
1mlofthesodiumcarbonateextract
+dil.H2SO4+freshlyprepared
ferroussulphatesolutionthenadd Presenceofnitrate
13 Abrownringisformed
confirmed.
Conc.H2SO4alongthesidesofthe
testtube.
Ammoniummolybdatetest:
1mloftheextract+dilHNO3+about
Nocanaryyellowpptis
14 1mleachofammoniummolybdate Absenceofphosphate
formed.
andConc.HNO3
Testwithsodiumnitrobruside:
1mlofthesodiumcarbonateextract+
Nopurpleorviolet
15 1mlofdil.aommonia.+fewdropsof Absenceofsulphide.
colourationappears
sodiumnitrobruside.
Preparationofsaltsolution:
Toasmallamountofsaltinatesttubeadd2to3mlofwater,shakeitandgentlyheatit.This solution is called “original
solution”.
GROUP0
1mloftheoriginalsaltsolutionadd Nochocolatebrownpptis
1 about 1ml each of Nessler’s reagent Absenceofammonium
obtained.
andNaOH.
GROUPI
Takeabout1mlofthesaltsolutionin
atesttubeAddabout1mLofdilHCl, Presenceof1stgroup
2 AWhitepptisformed.
andshakeit metalions(Pb2+)
Analysisofthe1stgroupppt:
Tothepptaddabout1mlofwater
andboilit Thepptdissolves PresenceofLead
, TestforLead:
Tooneportionofthehot
1 solutionaddabout1mlofK2CrO4 Ayellowpptisobtained PresenceofLead
Toananotherportionofthehot
solutionaddabout1mlofKI.Tothe
yellowpptaddabout1mlofwater, Ayellowpptisobtained.The
yellowpptdissolveson Presenceofleadis
2 boilandcool.
boiling,andoncooling confirmed.
goldenspanglesappear
Result:
TheAnionPresent:NITRATE
ThecationPresent:LEAD
TheGivensimplesalt:LEADNITRATE
SYSTEMATICANALYSISOFSIMPLESALT-II
SNO Experiment Observation Inference
Analysisofanions
Colour: Maybecopper
1 Notethecolourofthesalt Blue
sulphate
Actionofheat:
Asmallamountofasaltisheatedin BlueChangesintoWhitedue Maybecopper
2.
atesttube todehydration sulphate
Flametest:
Smallamountofsalt+Adropof
Conc.HCl,formapaste.Takethe PresenceofaCopper
3. pasteatthecharredendofthe Bluishgreenflame.
salt
splinterandintroduceitnearthe
Bunsenflame
Actionofdil.HCl: Absenceof
4. Smallamountofsalt+1mLofdil. NoCharactristicgasevolves Carbonate,Nitrate,
HCl.Gentlyheatit Sulphide
ActionofConc.H2SO4:
Smallamountofasaltinadrytest AbsenceofChloride,
5 tube+Conc.H2SO4andgentlyheatit NoCharactristicgasevolves
Bromide,Nitrate
ActionofMnO2andConc.H2SO4:
Smallamountofsaltinadrytest
tube+pinchofMnO2+Conc.H2SO4 NoCharacteristicGasis Absenceofchloride,
6
andgentlyheatit evolved. bromide
ActionofConc.H2SO4andcopper
turning:smallamountofsaltinadry
testtube+fewcopperturnings+ Noreddishbrowngas
7. Absenceofnitrate.
Conc.H2SO4.Gentlyheatit evolves
, Actionofdil.NaOHsolution:Small
amontofasalt+dil.NaOHsolution NoCharacteristicgasis Absenceofammonium
8.
andgentlyheatit. Observed. salt
Chromylchloridetest:
Smallamountofsaltin+apinchof
potassiumdichromateandthree NoRedOrangeVapouris
9 Absenceofchloride.
dropsConc.H2SO4.Gentlyheatit. Observed.
AnalysiswithSodiumcarbonateextract
PreparationofSodiumcarbonateextract
Take1gofthegivensalt+3gofsolidsodiumcarbonate+20gofdistilledwater.Boilthesolution
forfewmins,filter.Thefiltrateiscalledsodiumcarbonateextract.
Testforhalides:
1mlofsodiumcarbonateextract
NoCharacteristicpptis Absenceofchloride,
10. +dil.HNO3+1mlofAgNO3,and
shakeit Observed. bromide,sulphide
Testwithbariumchloride:
Onemlofthesodiumcarbonate
extract+dil.Aceticacid+1mlof Awhitepptinsolubleindil Prsenceofsulphateis
11
bariumchloridesolutionandshake H2SO4isformed Confirmed.
Testwithleadacetate:
1mlofthesodiumcarbonateextract, Awhitpptsolubleinexcess
12 +1mlofdilaceticacidandheatit+1 ofammoniumacetateis Presenceofsulphate
mlofLeadAcetate formed
Brownringtest:
1mlofthesodiumcarbonateextract
+dil.H2SO4+freshlyprepared
13 ferroussulphatesolutionthenadd Nobrownringisformed AbsenceofNitrate
Conc.H2SO4alongthesidesofthe
testtube.
Ammoniummolybdatetest:
1mloftheextract+dilHNO3+about
Nocanaryyellowpptis
14 1mLeachofammoniummolybdate AbsenceofPhosphate
formed.
andConc.HNO3
Testwithsodiumnitrobruside:
1mlofthesodiumcarbonateextract
+1mlofdil.aommonia.+fewdrops Nopurpleorviolet
15 ofsodiumnitrobruside. Absenceofsulphide.
colourationappears
Preparationofsaltsolution:
Toasmallamountofsaltinatesttubeadd2to3mlofwater,shakeitandgentlyheatit.This solution is called
“original solution”.
