EPPP QUESTIONS RESEARCH AND STATISTICS (ACTUAL
2025/2026) EXAM QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED ANSWERS
A psychologist believes that physical exercise can reduce a
person's anxiety level, which reduces the strength of
substance cravings in people recovering from substance
dependence. According to this hypothesis anxiety is a:
A suppressor variable
B mediator variable
C moderator variable
D criterion contaminator - ----Answers---b. a mediator
variable
Mediator Variable - ----Answers---A variable that accounts
for or explains the effects of an IV on a DV.
Moderator Variable - ----Answers----similar to a mediator
variable, but only influences the strength of the relationship
between two other variables--It doesn't fully account for the
relationship
-a qualitative (e.g., race, sex) or quantitative (e.g., level of
reward) variable that affects the direction and/or strength of
the relation between an independent or predictor variable and
a dependent or criterion variable.
Suppressor Variable - ----Answers---Reduces or conceals
the relationship between variables.
,Criterion Validity - ----Answers---Artificial inflation of validity
which can occur when raters subjectively score ratees on a
criterion measure after they have been informed how the
ratees scored on the predictor.
All of the following are measures of variability except:
a. standard deviation
b. variance
c. range
d. standard error - ----Answers---d. standard error
Variability - ----Answers----Represents the amount of
difference found in responses from a population of a sample
on a topic being investigated.
- Affected by the variance, range, and standard deviation
Standard Error Of Measurement - ----Answers---A statistic
indicating the amount of difference in results that is accounted
for by the flaws or noise in the instrument used to measure
the variable.
A colleague of yours is interested in studying the effects of
aging on IQ scores. He consults with you for some ideas
regarding how to proceed with this research. Which of the
following types of research designs would you recommend?
a. cross-sectional
b. cross-sequential
,c. multiple baseline
d. longitidunal - ----Answers---b. cross sequential
Developmental Research Designs - ----Answers----Used to
evaluated the effects of development (i.e., aging) on dependent
variables.
-cross-sectional, longitudinal, sequential
The strongest developmental research design from a scientific
point of view - ----Answers---Cross sequential -- combines
both longitudinal and cross sectional
All of the following are norm-referenced scores except:
a. percentile rank
b. t-score
c. pass/fail
d. grade equivalen - ----Answers---c. pass/fail
Grade Equivalent Scores - ----Answers---Permits a test user
to compare an individual's exam performance to others in
different grade levels.
Which of the following statistical techniques would involve
specifying a model of a problem domain that may involve
observed and latent variables related to each other causally
and non-causally in a unidirectional and bidirectional fashion?
a. discriminant function analysis
, b. multiple ANOVA
c. multivariate multiple regression
d. structural equation modeling - ----Answers---d. structural
equation modeling
Structural Equation Modeling - ----Answers----a complex
statistical technique that is used to explore and test
relationships among many variables.
-The variables may be latent (unobserved variables, such as
hypothetical traits or constructs) or observed, may have
causal or correlational relationships, and the causal
relationships may be specified or unidirectional or
bidirectional
Discriminant Function Analysis - ----Answers----used to
identify continuous variables that are most useful for
distinguishing among two or more groups.
Jose scored 75 on his final exam. The tests scores were
normally distributed, with a mean of 60 and a standard
deviation of 15. Jose's score would be in which of the following
percentile ranges?
a. 50-64
b. 65-79
c. 80-95
d. 35-49 - ----Answers---c.
2025/2026) EXAM QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED ANSWERS
A psychologist believes that physical exercise can reduce a
person's anxiety level, which reduces the strength of
substance cravings in people recovering from substance
dependence. According to this hypothesis anxiety is a:
A suppressor variable
B mediator variable
C moderator variable
D criterion contaminator - ----Answers---b. a mediator
variable
Mediator Variable - ----Answers---A variable that accounts
for or explains the effects of an IV on a DV.
Moderator Variable - ----Answers----similar to a mediator
variable, but only influences the strength of the relationship
between two other variables--It doesn't fully account for the
relationship
-a qualitative (e.g., race, sex) or quantitative (e.g., level of
reward) variable that affects the direction and/or strength of
the relation between an independent or predictor variable and
a dependent or criterion variable.
Suppressor Variable - ----Answers---Reduces or conceals
the relationship between variables.
,Criterion Validity - ----Answers---Artificial inflation of validity
which can occur when raters subjectively score ratees on a
criterion measure after they have been informed how the
ratees scored on the predictor.
All of the following are measures of variability except:
a. standard deviation
b. variance
c. range
d. standard error - ----Answers---d. standard error
Variability - ----Answers----Represents the amount of
difference found in responses from a population of a sample
on a topic being investigated.
- Affected by the variance, range, and standard deviation
Standard Error Of Measurement - ----Answers---A statistic
indicating the amount of difference in results that is accounted
for by the flaws or noise in the instrument used to measure
the variable.
A colleague of yours is interested in studying the effects of
aging on IQ scores. He consults with you for some ideas
regarding how to proceed with this research. Which of the
following types of research designs would you recommend?
a. cross-sectional
b. cross-sequential
,c. multiple baseline
d. longitidunal - ----Answers---b. cross sequential
Developmental Research Designs - ----Answers----Used to
evaluated the effects of development (i.e., aging) on dependent
variables.
-cross-sectional, longitudinal, sequential
The strongest developmental research design from a scientific
point of view - ----Answers---Cross sequential -- combines
both longitudinal and cross sectional
All of the following are norm-referenced scores except:
a. percentile rank
b. t-score
c. pass/fail
d. grade equivalen - ----Answers---c. pass/fail
Grade Equivalent Scores - ----Answers---Permits a test user
to compare an individual's exam performance to others in
different grade levels.
Which of the following statistical techniques would involve
specifying a model of a problem domain that may involve
observed and latent variables related to each other causally
and non-causally in a unidirectional and bidirectional fashion?
a. discriminant function analysis
, b. multiple ANOVA
c. multivariate multiple regression
d. structural equation modeling - ----Answers---d. structural
equation modeling
Structural Equation Modeling - ----Answers----a complex
statistical technique that is used to explore and test
relationships among many variables.
-The variables may be latent (unobserved variables, such as
hypothetical traits or constructs) or observed, may have
causal or correlational relationships, and the causal
relationships may be specified or unidirectional or
bidirectional
Discriminant Function Analysis - ----Answers----used to
identify continuous variables that are most useful for
distinguishing among two or more groups.
Jose scored 75 on his final exam. The tests scores were
normally distributed, with a mean of 60 and a standard
deviation of 15. Jose's score would be in which of the following
percentile ranges?
a. 50-64
b. 65-79
c. 80-95
d. 35-49 - ----Answers---c.
