AQA GCSE Design and Technology Exam
Questions and answers 2025
Why .does .product .evolution .occur? .- .ANS✓✓-> .Continuous .improvement .
> .Market .pull
> .Technology .push
> .Social/cultural .needs
> .Political/environmental .needs
What .is .market .pull? .- .ANS✓✓-> .Designing .to .satisfy .the .needs .and .wants .of
.customers .- .costumer .demand
> .Changing .fashions .and .social .attitudes .affect .what .people .want .and .it .isn't
.always .the .same
Give .an .example .of .market .pull .- .ANS✓✓-A .car .is .designed .to .get .you .from .A
.to .B .but .they .have .become .a .status .symbol .and .luxury .extras .such .as .seat-
back .TV .screens .are .added
What .is .technology .push? .- .ANS✓✓-> .Research .and .development .leads .to .new
.technologies, .materials .and .manufacturing .techniques
> .New .technology .can .make .a .product .cheaper, .perform .its .function .better .or
.be .nicer-looking
Give .an .example .of .technology .push .- .ANS✓✓-Computers .started .as .a .hude
.'adding .machines' .but .now .microchips .allow .for .small, .fast .and .powerful
.machienes
What .is .continuous .improvement? .- .ANS✓✓-> .Manufactures .want .to .make
.more .money, .increase .profit
> .They .improve .the .design .do .they .can .be .made .more .easily .'continuous
.improvement'
> .They .make .them .as .good .as .possible .to .make .money, .be .competitive .and
.meet .standards .of .product .quality
What .alternative .reasons .can .a .product .evolve .for? .- .ANS✓✓-> .Social .or
.cultural .needs .(For .example, .wind-up .radios .for .Africans .so .they .could .listen .to
.educational .broadcasts .about .health .concerns)
> .Political .or .environmental .needs .(For .example, .the .need .for .environmentally
.friendly .products .such .as .hybrid .engine .cars .that .are .more .efficient)
,Name .the .features .of .the .Arts .and .Crafts .movement .- .ANS✓✓-> .Founded .by
.William .Morris
> .Bases .on .patterns .found .in .nature
> .Upright .and .angular .
> .Made .by .made .and .skilled .craftsmen
Name .the .features .of .the .Art .Nouveau .movement .- .ANS✓✓-> .Designers
.include .Louis .C.Tiffany
> .Flowing .and .curvy .designs
> .They .use .floral .or .insect .motifs
Name .the .features .of .the .Art .Deco .movement .- .ANS✓✓-> .Inspired .by .African
.and .Egyptian .art
> .Bold .colours, .zigzag .and .stepped .shapes, .bold .sweeping .curves .and .the
.sunset .motif
> .Example .is .the .Chrysler .building .in .New .York
Name .the .features .of .the .Bauhaus .movement .- .ANS✓✓-> .Movement .from
.Germany
> .Has .the .motto .'form .follows .function'
> .Function .is .most .important .and .appearance .is .second
> .It .is .futuristic, .simplistic .and .used .mass .production .methods
> .Uses .chrome .tubing .and .black .leather
Name .the .features .of .the .De .Stijl .movement .- .ANS✓✓-> .Dutch .modernist
.movemnt
> .Basic .- .uses .simple .shapes, .horizontal .and .vertical .lines
> .The .three .primary .colous .only
> .Well .known .example .is .Gerrit .Rietveld's .Red .and .Blue .chair
Name .the .features .of .the .postmodernism .movement .- .ANS✓✓-> .Rejected .'form
.follows .function'
> .Put .style .as .the .focus .point .of .design
> .Memphis .used .bright, .contrasting .colours .and .different .materials
> .Some .styles .contain .kitsch .and .minimalism
What .are .human .factors? .- .ANS✓✓-Addressing .different .needs .and .values .of
.target .groups
> .Disabled .users
> .Cultural .and .religious .values
> .Age .groups
> .Ergonomics .
> .Anthropometrics
Explain .how .products .can .be .changed .for .disabled .users .- .ANS✓✓-> .Some
.packaging .has .Braille .for .blind .users
> .Buttons .can .be .made .bigger .and .brighter .so .they .are .easier .to .press .and .find
, > .Products .such .as .smoke .alarms .can .have .visible .signals .as .well .as .audio
.ones .so .deaf .people .are .alerted .to .fires
> .Instructions .can .be .given .in .picture .or .diagram .form .so .people .with .difficulty
.reading .text .can .use .the .product
> .Wheelchair .access .must .be .designed .into .busses, .trains .and .working
.stations .(like .atms)
Explain .how .products .can .be .changed .to .suit .cultural .and .religious .values .-
.ANS✓✓-> .You .can .cater .for .their .dietary .needs
> .Create .products .to .suit .a .particular .custom .or .celebration .- .like .Diwali .uses
.lights
> .Cultures .can .use .things .differently, .the .Japanese .custom .is .to .eat .at .a .low
.table .on .the .floor
> .Clothing .styles .can .vary, .it .could .be .inappropriate .to .wear .revealing .clothing
> .Colours .can .have .different .meaning .- .Chinese .brides .wear .red .for .example
Explain .how .products .can .be .changed .with .respect .to .age .groups .- .ANS✓✓->
.Small .children .or .the .elderly .may .not .be .able .to .manipulate .small .parts .such
.as .tricky .fastenings .or .open .packaging
> .Elderly .and .infirm .people .may .have .trouble .holding .and .using .products .so
.you .could .make .easy .grip .handles
What .are .ergonomics? .- .ANS✓✓-How .easy .and .comfortable .a .product .is .to
.use, .efficiency .in .use
Why .are .ergonomics .important? .- .ANS✓✓-> .To .fit .the .size .and .proportions .of
.the .user
> .It .improves .safety, .comfort .and .efficiency .
> .Long-term .damage .to .health .can .be .caused .by .badly-designed .products
Give .an .example .of .ergonomic .design .- .ANS✓✓-A .chair .seat .must .be .the .right
.height .off .the .ground .and .support .the .persons .back .in .the .right .places
What .are .anthropometrics? .- .ANS✓✓-The .study .of .human .body .measurements
.used .to .make .products .of .the .right .size .and .shape
How .are .anthropometrics .used .in .design? .- .ANS✓✓-> .Designers .use .them .to
.cater .for .90% .of .their .target .market
> .They .use .percentiles .between .the .5th .and .95th .in .their .design .so .it .is .suitable
.for .most .users
> .If .you .lie .outside .of .the .90% .you .need .to .have .products .custom-made
Give .an .example .of .the .use .of .anthropometric .data .- .ANS✓✓-> .Tennis .racket
.handles .width .needs .to .fit .the .size .of .the .average .hand
> .Football .t-shirts .should .be .made .for .the .average .torso, .arm .and .neck .sizes
What .is .a .design .brief .and .what .does .it .include? .- .ANS✓✓-A .statement .of .what
.a .product .should .do, .a .starting .point
Questions and answers 2025
Why .does .product .evolution .occur? .- .ANS✓✓-> .Continuous .improvement .
> .Market .pull
> .Technology .push
> .Social/cultural .needs
> .Political/environmental .needs
What .is .market .pull? .- .ANS✓✓-> .Designing .to .satisfy .the .needs .and .wants .of
.customers .- .costumer .demand
> .Changing .fashions .and .social .attitudes .affect .what .people .want .and .it .isn't
.always .the .same
Give .an .example .of .market .pull .- .ANS✓✓-A .car .is .designed .to .get .you .from .A
.to .B .but .they .have .become .a .status .symbol .and .luxury .extras .such .as .seat-
back .TV .screens .are .added
What .is .technology .push? .- .ANS✓✓-> .Research .and .development .leads .to .new
.technologies, .materials .and .manufacturing .techniques
> .New .technology .can .make .a .product .cheaper, .perform .its .function .better .or
.be .nicer-looking
Give .an .example .of .technology .push .- .ANS✓✓-Computers .started .as .a .hude
.'adding .machines' .but .now .microchips .allow .for .small, .fast .and .powerful
.machienes
What .is .continuous .improvement? .- .ANS✓✓-> .Manufactures .want .to .make
.more .money, .increase .profit
> .They .improve .the .design .do .they .can .be .made .more .easily .'continuous
.improvement'
> .They .make .them .as .good .as .possible .to .make .money, .be .competitive .and
.meet .standards .of .product .quality
What .alternative .reasons .can .a .product .evolve .for? .- .ANS✓✓-> .Social .or
.cultural .needs .(For .example, .wind-up .radios .for .Africans .so .they .could .listen .to
.educational .broadcasts .about .health .concerns)
> .Political .or .environmental .needs .(For .example, .the .need .for .environmentally
.friendly .products .such .as .hybrid .engine .cars .that .are .more .efficient)
,Name .the .features .of .the .Arts .and .Crafts .movement .- .ANS✓✓-> .Founded .by
.William .Morris
> .Bases .on .patterns .found .in .nature
> .Upright .and .angular .
> .Made .by .made .and .skilled .craftsmen
Name .the .features .of .the .Art .Nouveau .movement .- .ANS✓✓-> .Designers
.include .Louis .C.Tiffany
> .Flowing .and .curvy .designs
> .They .use .floral .or .insect .motifs
Name .the .features .of .the .Art .Deco .movement .- .ANS✓✓-> .Inspired .by .African
.and .Egyptian .art
> .Bold .colours, .zigzag .and .stepped .shapes, .bold .sweeping .curves .and .the
.sunset .motif
> .Example .is .the .Chrysler .building .in .New .York
Name .the .features .of .the .Bauhaus .movement .- .ANS✓✓-> .Movement .from
.Germany
> .Has .the .motto .'form .follows .function'
> .Function .is .most .important .and .appearance .is .second
> .It .is .futuristic, .simplistic .and .used .mass .production .methods
> .Uses .chrome .tubing .and .black .leather
Name .the .features .of .the .De .Stijl .movement .- .ANS✓✓-> .Dutch .modernist
.movemnt
> .Basic .- .uses .simple .shapes, .horizontal .and .vertical .lines
> .The .three .primary .colous .only
> .Well .known .example .is .Gerrit .Rietveld's .Red .and .Blue .chair
Name .the .features .of .the .postmodernism .movement .- .ANS✓✓-> .Rejected .'form
.follows .function'
> .Put .style .as .the .focus .point .of .design
> .Memphis .used .bright, .contrasting .colours .and .different .materials
> .Some .styles .contain .kitsch .and .minimalism
What .are .human .factors? .- .ANS✓✓-Addressing .different .needs .and .values .of
.target .groups
> .Disabled .users
> .Cultural .and .religious .values
> .Age .groups
> .Ergonomics .
> .Anthropometrics
Explain .how .products .can .be .changed .for .disabled .users .- .ANS✓✓-> .Some
.packaging .has .Braille .for .blind .users
> .Buttons .can .be .made .bigger .and .brighter .so .they .are .easier .to .press .and .find
, > .Products .such .as .smoke .alarms .can .have .visible .signals .as .well .as .audio
.ones .so .deaf .people .are .alerted .to .fires
> .Instructions .can .be .given .in .picture .or .diagram .form .so .people .with .difficulty
.reading .text .can .use .the .product
> .Wheelchair .access .must .be .designed .into .busses, .trains .and .working
.stations .(like .atms)
Explain .how .products .can .be .changed .to .suit .cultural .and .religious .values .-
.ANS✓✓-> .You .can .cater .for .their .dietary .needs
> .Create .products .to .suit .a .particular .custom .or .celebration .- .like .Diwali .uses
.lights
> .Cultures .can .use .things .differently, .the .Japanese .custom .is .to .eat .at .a .low
.table .on .the .floor
> .Clothing .styles .can .vary, .it .could .be .inappropriate .to .wear .revealing .clothing
> .Colours .can .have .different .meaning .- .Chinese .brides .wear .red .for .example
Explain .how .products .can .be .changed .with .respect .to .age .groups .- .ANS✓✓->
.Small .children .or .the .elderly .may .not .be .able .to .manipulate .small .parts .such
.as .tricky .fastenings .or .open .packaging
> .Elderly .and .infirm .people .may .have .trouble .holding .and .using .products .so
.you .could .make .easy .grip .handles
What .are .ergonomics? .- .ANS✓✓-How .easy .and .comfortable .a .product .is .to
.use, .efficiency .in .use
Why .are .ergonomics .important? .- .ANS✓✓-> .To .fit .the .size .and .proportions .of
.the .user
> .It .improves .safety, .comfort .and .efficiency .
> .Long-term .damage .to .health .can .be .caused .by .badly-designed .products
Give .an .example .of .ergonomic .design .- .ANS✓✓-A .chair .seat .must .be .the .right
.height .off .the .ground .and .support .the .persons .back .in .the .right .places
What .are .anthropometrics? .- .ANS✓✓-The .study .of .human .body .measurements
.used .to .make .products .of .the .right .size .and .shape
How .are .anthropometrics .used .in .design? .- .ANS✓✓-> .Designers .use .them .to
.cater .for .90% .of .their .target .market
> .They .use .percentiles .between .the .5th .and .95th .in .their .design .so .it .is .suitable
.for .most .users
> .If .you .lie .outside .of .the .90% .you .need .to .have .products .custom-made
Give .an .example .of .the .use .of .anthropometric .data .- .ANS✓✓-> .Tennis .racket
.handles .width .needs .to .fit .the .size .of .the .average .hand
> .Football .t-shirts .should .be .made .for .the .average .torso, .arm .and .neck .sizes
What .is .a .design .brief .and .what .does .it .include? .- .ANS✓✓-A .statement .of .what
.a .product .should .do, .a .starting .point
