Test Bank for Cognitive Psychology, Exploring the Science of the Mind

, CHAPTER 1: The Science of the Mind

LEARNING OBJECTIVES

1.1. Describe the scope and goals of cognitive psychology.


1.2. Understand the case of H.M., and the many ways that memory influences our lives.


1.3. Describe the limitations of introspection as a method for scientific inquiry.


1.4. Compare and contrast classical (Watsonian) behaviorism and cognitive psychology.


1.5. Kant’s “transcendental method” is sometimes called “inference to best explanation.” Explain this method and
how itworks.


1.6. Describe the role, in the emergence of cognitive psychology, that was played by computer science and
the develop-ment of “computer intelligence.”




MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. Which of the following topics is NOT commonly studied within cognitive psychology?
a. anger c. memory
management
d. Attention
b. decision
making



ANS: A DIF: Easy REF: The Scope of Cognitive
Psychology OBJ: 1.1 MSC: Understanding

2. Cognitive processes are NOT necessary for which daily activity?
a. reading a c. talking on the phone
newspaper
d. breathing
b. studying for a
test



ANS: D DIF: Easy REF: The Scope of Cognitive
Psychology
OBJ: 1.1 MSC Applying

, :

3. Alyssa wants to be a psychologist but is unsure which topic within psychology most
interests her. Which of the following topics would be LEAST likely to lead her into cognitive psychology?
a. amnesia c. Lyme disease
b. language d. problem-solving strategies
acquisition

, ANS: C DIF: Easy REF: The Scope of Cognitive
Psychology OBJ: 1.1 MSC: Applying

4. Consider the sequence “Betsy wanted to bring Jacob a present. She shook her piggy bank.”
Most people, after hearing this sequence, believe Betsy was checking her piggy bank to see if she had money
to spend on the gift. This inference about Betsy’s goals depends on the fact that
a. our previous knowledge fills in background information whenever we’re
understanding an event or conversation.
b. readers are likely to know someone named Jacob.
c. English, unlike other languages, requires speakers to mention all of the
people involved in an event.
d. the individual sentences are short.


ANS: A DIF: Easy REF: The Broad Role for
Memory OBJ: 1.1 MSC: Understanding

5. Which yof ythe yfollowing ystatements yis yLEAST ylikely yto yapply yto ypatient yH.M.?
a. “He ycannot yremember ywhat yhe ydid yearlier ytoday, yincluding yevents ythat ytook yplace yjust yan yhour yago.”
b. “He yread ythis ystory ylast ymonth, ybut yhe ywas ystill ysurprised yby yhow ythe ystory yturned yout.”
c. “Even ythough yhe yhas yencountered ythe ynurse ymany ytimes, yhe yis ystill yunable yto yrecognize yher.”
d. “He yremembered ythat yit ywas yonly ya yweek yago ythat yhe’d yheard ythe ysad ynews ythat yhis yuncle yhad ydied.”


ANS: y D DIF: Moderate REF: Amnesia yand
yMemory yLoss yOBJ: 1.2 MSC: yApplying

6. Research ywith yH.M. yprovides yan yillustration yfor ywhich ymajor ytheme yof ythe ychapter?
a. Introspection yis yan yimportant yresearch ytool yfor ycognitive ypsychologists.
b. Cognitive ypsychology ycan yhelp yus yunderstand ya ywide yrange yof yactivities ythat
ydepend yon ysomeone’s yability yto yremember.

c. Memory yis ynot yvery yimportant.
d. The ydisruption ycaused yby ybrain ydamage ydepends yon yhow ywidespread ythe
ydamage yis, yand ynot yon ythe yspecific ysites ythat yare ydamaged.



ANS: y yB DIF:Moderat REF: The yScope yof yCognitive
e yPsychology
OBJ: 1.2 MSC: Evaluati
ng

7. Patients ysuffering yfrom yclinical yamnesia yare ycharacterized yby
a. memory ydysfunction. c. inarticulate yspeech.
b. an yinability yto yrecognize d. impaired ylanguage ycomprehension.
ypatterns.