Deductive and Inductive Reasoning - Summary

Deductive versus Inductive Reasoning
There is more than one type of reasoning.
Reasoning = action of constructing thoughts into a valid argument, based on logic / fact.

2 main ways of reasoning (approaches):
Inductive (qualitative, probability)  Empirical = small, repeated observations  works to
theory by examining related issues (data)  trend / pattern, then generalising  premises
support the probable conclusion  the more similar premises there are, the more probable the
generalised conclusion will be / is. The inductive approach is meant to create new theories
from data. In other words, induction goes from a specific instance to a generalisation.

Deductive (quantitative, certainty)  Theoretical = general theory / statement / conclusion
(premises)  confirm a hypothesis  using more premises to work to an evidence-based
conclusion. Using facts to come up with a conclusion. The deductive approach is meant to test
the theories that are created using inductive reasoning.
In other words, deduction goes from a generalisation to a specific instance.