DATA GOVERNANCE
EXAM 1 REVIEW || WITH
100% ACCURATE
SOLUTIONS
Conceptial Research
, Data Governance Exam 1 Review || With
100% Accurate Solutions
Difference Between Data and Information - ANSWER - 𝐃𝐚𝐭𝐚:
• Raw facts with no context.
▪ E.g., Name: John Smith
Age: 20
DOB: 3/13/2000
Major: Finance
Salary: $20,000
𝐈𝐧𝐟𝐨𝐫𝐦𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧:
• Processed data arranged in a meaningful way to facilitate decision making.
▪ E.g. "At age 20, John was earning $1,000 a month while studying finance."
𝐊𝐞𝐲 𝐏𝐨𝐢𝐧𝐭𝐬:
• Data constitutes the building blocks of information.
• Information is produced by processing data
• Information is used to reveal the meaning
• Accurate and timely information is essential to good decision-making.
Principles of Data Management - ANSWER - 𝐏𝐫𝐢𝐧𝐜𝐢𝐩𝐥𝐞𝐬:
1. Data is an asset with unique properties.
2. The value of data should be expressed in economic terms.
3. Managing data means managing the quality of data.
4. It takes metadata to manage data.
▪ Managing any asset requires having data about that asset (number of employees,
accounting codes, etc.)
5. It takes planning to manage data.
6. Data management is cross-functional; it requires a range of skills and expertise.
▪ Data management requires both technical and non-technical skills and the ability to
collaborate.
7. Data management requires an enterprise perspective.
8. Data management is lifecycle management.
9. Managing data includes managing risks associated with data.
,▪ In addition to being an asset, data also represents risk to an organization. Data can be
lost, stolen, or misused.
10. Data management requirements must drive IT solutions.
What is a Database? - ANSWER - 𝐃𝐚𝐭𝐚𝐛𝐚𝐬𝐞:
• A database is a shared, integrated software structure that houses a collection of:
▪ Data (raw facts of interest)
▪ Metadata (Data about data or information about data's structure and meaning).
𝐃𝐁𝐌𝐒:
• Database Management System (DBMS) is a collection of programs that manage the
database and control its access, making it possible to share the data with applications
and users.
Typical DBMS Capabilities - ANSWER - • Data dictionary
• Query and reporting
• Data presentation for different users
• Backup and recovery
• Data integrity management
Relational DBMS - ANSWER - • Represent data as two-dimensional tables.
• Each table contains data on entities and attributes.
• Table: Grid of Columns and Rows
▪ Rows aka records
▪ Fields (aka columns) - represent attributes and store values.
▪ A primary key uniquely identifies each record.
▪ A foreign key is a primary key from one table used as a lookup value to identify
records in another table.
Big Data - ANSWER - • Massive sets of structured and unstructured data from web
traffic, social media, sensors, etc.
• Volumes of data are too great for a typical DBMS
• Can reveal more patterns and relationships.
• At its core, big data is about predictions.
, • "Datafy" an event - capture an event in a quantified format so it can be
tabulated/analyzed.
Data Warehouse - ANSWER - 𝐃𝐚𝐭𝐚 𝐖𝐚𝐫𝐞𝐡𝐨𝐮𝐬𝐞:
• A home for high value data or data assets that originates in other corporate
applications.
• 𝐃𝐚𝐭𝐚 𝐖𝐚𝐫𝐞𝐡𝐨𝐮𝐬𝐢𝐧𝐠:
▪ A coordinated and periodic copying of data from various sources both inside and
outside the company, into an environment optimized for analytical and informational
processing.
• Stores current and historical data
• Provides analysis and reporting tools
• Relies exclusively on data obtained from other applications.
Data Management - ANSWER - 𝐃𝐚𝐭𝐚 𝐌𝐚𝐧𝐚𝐠𝐞𝐦𝐞𝐧𝐭:
• Development, execution, and supervision of plans, policies, programs, and practices
that deliver, control, protect, and enhance the value of data and information assets
throughout their lifecycles.
• Companies now recognize their data as a strategic asset where they can learn insights
about customers, products, internal processes, etc.
• 𝐃𝐚𝐭𝐚 𝐦𝐚𝐧𝐚𝐠𝐞𝐦𝐞𝐧𝐭 𝐚𝐜𝐭𝐢𝐯𝐢𝐭𝐢𝐞𝐬 𝐚𝐫𝐞 𝐛𝐫𝐨𝐚𝐝:
▪ Profiling data, aligning data to regulations, extracting data, defining data.
Problems with Traditional File Structure - ANSWER - • Files maintained separately by
different departments.
• Data redundancy - unnecessarily duplicated data.
• Inconsistent data
▪ E.g., John Smith's age vs his DOB
• Lack of flexibility and data sharing.
• Poor security.
Data Modeling - ANSWER - 𝐃𝐚𝐭𝐚 𝐌𝐨𝐝𝐞𝐥𝐢𝐧𝐠:
• The basic building blocks of all data models are entities, attributes, and relationships.
• Entity - person, place, thing, or event for which data.
EXAM 1 REVIEW || WITH
100% ACCURATE
SOLUTIONS
Conceptial Research
, Data Governance Exam 1 Review || With
100% Accurate Solutions
Difference Between Data and Information - ANSWER - 𝐃𝐚𝐭𝐚:
• Raw facts with no context.
▪ E.g., Name: John Smith
Age: 20
DOB: 3/13/2000
Major: Finance
Salary: $20,000
𝐈𝐧𝐟𝐨𝐫𝐦𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧:
• Processed data arranged in a meaningful way to facilitate decision making.
▪ E.g. "At age 20, John was earning $1,000 a month while studying finance."
𝐊𝐞𝐲 𝐏𝐨𝐢𝐧𝐭𝐬:
• Data constitutes the building blocks of information.
• Information is produced by processing data
• Information is used to reveal the meaning
• Accurate and timely information is essential to good decision-making.
Principles of Data Management - ANSWER - 𝐏𝐫𝐢𝐧𝐜𝐢𝐩𝐥𝐞𝐬:
1. Data is an asset with unique properties.
2. The value of data should be expressed in economic terms.
3. Managing data means managing the quality of data.
4. It takes metadata to manage data.
▪ Managing any asset requires having data about that asset (number of employees,
accounting codes, etc.)
5. It takes planning to manage data.
6. Data management is cross-functional; it requires a range of skills and expertise.
▪ Data management requires both technical and non-technical skills and the ability to
collaborate.
7. Data management requires an enterprise perspective.
8. Data management is lifecycle management.
9. Managing data includes managing risks associated with data.
,▪ In addition to being an asset, data also represents risk to an organization. Data can be
lost, stolen, or misused.
10. Data management requirements must drive IT solutions.
What is a Database? - ANSWER - 𝐃𝐚𝐭𝐚𝐛𝐚𝐬𝐞:
• A database is a shared, integrated software structure that houses a collection of:
▪ Data (raw facts of interest)
▪ Metadata (Data about data or information about data's structure and meaning).
𝐃𝐁𝐌𝐒:
• Database Management System (DBMS) is a collection of programs that manage the
database and control its access, making it possible to share the data with applications
and users.
Typical DBMS Capabilities - ANSWER - • Data dictionary
• Query and reporting
• Data presentation for different users
• Backup and recovery
• Data integrity management
Relational DBMS - ANSWER - • Represent data as two-dimensional tables.
• Each table contains data on entities and attributes.
• Table: Grid of Columns and Rows
▪ Rows aka records
▪ Fields (aka columns) - represent attributes and store values.
▪ A primary key uniquely identifies each record.
▪ A foreign key is a primary key from one table used as a lookup value to identify
records in another table.
Big Data - ANSWER - • Massive sets of structured and unstructured data from web
traffic, social media, sensors, etc.
• Volumes of data are too great for a typical DBMS
• Can reveal more patterns and relationships.
• At its core, big data is about predictions.
, • "Datafy" an event - capture an event in a quantified format so it can be
tabulated/analyzed.
Data Warehouse - ANSWER - 𝐃𝐚𝐭𝐚 𝐖𝐚𝐫𝐞𝐡𝐨𝐮𝐬𝐞:
• A home for high value data or data assets that originates in other corporate
applications.
• 𝐃𝐚𝐭𝐚 𝐖𝐚𝐫𝐞𝐡𝐨𝐮𝐬𝐢𝐧𝐠:
▪ A coordinated and periodic copying of data from various sources both inside and
outside the company, into an environment optimized for analytical and informational
processing.
• Stores current and historical data
• Provides analysis and reporting tools
• Relies exclusively on data obtained from other applications.
Data Management - ANSWER - 𝐃𝐚𝐭𝐚 𝐌𝐚𝐧𝐚𝐠𝐞𝐦𝐞𝐧𝐭:
• Development, execution, and supervision of plans, policies, programs, and practices
that deliver, control, protect, and enhance the value of data and information assets
throughout their lifecycles.
• Companies now recognize their data as a strategic asset where they can learn insights
about customers, products, internal processes, etc.
• 𝐃𝐚𝐭𝐚 𝐦𝐚𝐧𝐚𝐠𝐞𝐦𝐞𝐧𝐭 𝐚𝐜𝐭𝐢𝐯𝐢𝐭𝐢𝐞𝐬 𝐚𝐫𝐞 𝐛𝐫𝐨𝐚𝐝:
▪ Profiling data, aligning data to regulations, extracting data, defining data.
Problems with Traditional File Structure - ANSWER - • Files maintained separately by
different departments.
• Data redundancy - unnecessarily duplicated data.
• Inconsistent data
▪ E.g., John Smith's age vs his DOB
• Lack of flexibility and data sharing.
• Poor security.
Data Modeling - ANSWER - 𝐃𝐚𝐭𝐚 𝐌𝐨𝐝𝐞𝐥𝐢𝐧𝐠:
• The basic building blocks of all data models are entities, attributes, and relationships.
• Entity - person, place, thing, or event for which data.
