HESI Exit Comprehensive PN Exam A
Practice Questions and Correct
Answers | Rated A+ | 2025 Latest Guide
A client with hepatic failure tells the nurse about recent use of
acetaminophen (Tylenol). How should the nurse respond to this client's
statement?
A. Bleeding precautions should be implemented.
B. Tylenol is indicated for minor aches and pains.
C. Acetaminophen reduces inflammation.
D. The drug is hepatotoxic and contraindicated.
- Correct Answer - D
Rationale: Acetaminophen is hepatotoxic and can cause further
complications for a client with impaired liver function, so its use is
contraindicated (D). Although bleeding (A) is a risk in clients with liver
disease caused by decreased production of clotting components, this
drug significantly increases this risk and is contraindicated. Although (B)
is an indicated use for this drug, it remains contraindicated in patients
with hepatic failure. (C) is inaccurate.
Which physiologic finding in an older adult contributes to an adverse
drug reaction?
A. Reduced renal excretion
,B. Reduced gastrointestinal motility
C. Increased hepatic metabolism
D. Increased risk of autoimmune disorders
- Correct Answer - A
Rationale: During the aging process, reduced renal function (A) is
common and contributes to drug accumulation that contributes to
adverse reactions. Reduced hepatic function, not (C), predisposes an
older adult to an increase in adverse drug reactions. (B) may occur
frequently in an older client but does not impact the bioavailability of
drugs. Although an older adult may have a decreased immune
response, the aging client's risk for autoimmune disorders (D) is not
increased nor does it affect drug pharmacotherapeutics.
The nurse performs tracheostomy suctioning on a comatose client.
Place the interventions in order from first to last.
A. Gently insert the catheter without suction using sterile technique.
B. Hyperoxygenate using a manual reservoir-equipped resuscitation
bag (MRB).
C. Check the suction regulator and adjust suction pressure to 120 to
150 mm Hg.
D. Apply suction intermittently while withdrawing the catheter.
A. B, C, A, D
B. A, C, B, D
C. C, B, A, D
,D. D, C, B, A
- Correct Answer - C
Rationale: Equipment should be set up and adjusted prior to beginning
the procedure (C). Hyperoxygenation using an MRB should be
completed prior to inserting the catheter (B). After preoxygenation, the
catheter can be inserted (A) and suction can be applied intermittently
(D).
The charge nurse working in the surgical department is making shift
assignments. The shift personnel include an RN with 12 years of
nursing experience, an RN with 2 years of nursing experience, and an
RN with 3 months of nursing experience. Which client should the charge
nurse assign to the RN with 3 months of experience?
A. A client who is 2 days postoperative with a right total knee
replacement
B. A client who is scheduled for a sigmoid colostomy surgery today
C. A client who has a surgical abdominal wound with dehiscence
D. A client who is 1 day postoperative following a right-sided
mastectomy
- Correct Answer - A
Rationale: (A) is the least critical client and should be assigned to the RN
with the least experience. A client with a knee replacement is probably
ambulating and able to perform self-care, and a physical therapist is
likely to be assisting with the client's care. (B) will require a high level of
nursing care when returned from surgery. (C) means that there is a
, separation or rupture of the wound, which requires an experienced nurse
to provide care. (D) requires extensive teaching and should be assigned
to a more experienced nurse.
Which client is best to assign to a graduate PN who is being oriented to
a renal unit?
A. A client who is 1 day postoperative after placement of an
arteriovenous (AV) shunt
B. A client who is receiving continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis
C. A client with continuous bladder irrigation for hematuria
D. A client with renal calculi whose urine needs to be strained
- Correct Answer - D
Rationale: The client with renal calculi (kidney stones) (D) is the most
stable client for a PN who is being oriented. Straining urine and the
administration of pain medication are tasks that can be safely performed
with minimal risk of problems. (A, B, and C) require careful assessment
from an experienced nurse because of the potential for significant
complications.
After administration of an 0730 dose of Humalog 50/50 insulin to a client
with diabetes mellitus, which nursing action has the highest priority?
A. Ensure that the client receives breakfast within 30 minutes.
B. Remind the client to have a midmorning snack at 1000.
C. Discuss the importance of a midafternoon snack with the client.
Practice Questions and Correct
Answers | Rated A+ | 2025 Latest Guide
A client with hepatic failure tells the nurse about recent use of
acetaminophen (Tylenol). How should the nurse respond to this client's
statement?
A. Bleeding precautions should be implemented.
B. Tylenol is indicated for minor aches and pains.
C. Acetaminophen reduces inflammation.
D. The drug is hepatotoxic and contraindicated.
- Correct Answer - D
Rationale: Acetaminophen is hepatotoxic and can cause further
complications for a client with impaired liver function, so its use is
contraindicated (D). Although bleeding (A) is a risk in clients with liver
disease caused by decreased production of clotting components, this
drug significantly increases this risk and is contraindicated. Although (B)
is an indicated use for this drug, it remains contraindicated in patients
with hepatic failure. (C) is inaccurate.
Which physiologic finding in an older adult contributes to an adverse
drug reaction?
A. Reduced renal excretion
,B. Reduced gastrointestinal motility
C. Increased hepatic metabolism
D. Increased risk of autoimmune disorders
- Correct Answer - A
Rationale: During the aging process, reduced renal function (A) is
common and contributes to drug accumulation that contributes to
adverse reactions. Reduced hepatic function, not (C), predisposes an
older adult to an increase in adverse drug reactions. (B) may occur
frequently in an older client but does not impact the bioavailability of
drugs. Although an older adult may have a decreased immune
response, the aging client's risk for autoimmune disorders (D) is not
increased nor does it affect drug pharmacotherapeutics.
The nurse performs tracheostomy suctioning on a comatose client.
Place the interventions in order from first to last.
A. Gently insert the catheter without suction using sterile technique.
B. Hyperoxygenate using a manual reservoir-equipped resuscitation
bag (MRB).
C. Check the suction regulator and adjust suction pressure to 120 to
150 mm Hg.
D. Apply suction intermittently while withdrawing the catheter.
A. B, C, A, D
B. A, C, B, D
C. C, B, A, D
,D. D, C, B, A
- Correct Answer - C
Rationale: Equipment should be set up and adjusted prior to beginning
the procedure (C). Hyperoxygenation using an MRB should be
completed prior to inserting the catheter (B). After preoxygenation, the
catheter can be inserted (A) and suction can be applied intermittently
(D).
The charge nurse working in the surgical department is making shift
assignments. The shift personnel include an RN with 12 years of
nursing experience, an RN with 2 years of nursing experience, and an
RN with 3 months of nursing experience. Which client should the charge
nurse assign to the RN with 3 months of experience?
A. A client who is 2 days postoperative with a right total knee
replacement
B. A client who is scheduled for a sigmoid colostomy surgery today
C. A client who has a surgical abdominal wound with dehiscence
D. A client who is 1 day postoperative following a right-sided
mastectomy
- Correct Answer - A
Rationale: (A) is the least critical client and should be assigned to the RN
with the least experience. A client with a knee replacement is probably
ambulating and able to perform self-care, and a physical therapist is
likely to be assisting with the client's care. (B) will require a high level of
nursing care when returned from surgery. (C) means that there is a
, separation or rupture of the wound, which requires an experienced nurse
to provide care. (D) requires extensive teaching and should be assigned
to a more experienced nurse.
Which client is best to assign to a graduate PN who is being oriented to
a renal unit?
A. A client who is 1 day postoperative after placement of an
arteriovenous (AV) shunt
B. A client who is receiving continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis
C. A client with continuous bladder irrigation for hematuria
D. A client with renal calculi whose urine needs to be strained
- Correct Answer - D
Rationale: The client with renal calculi (kidney stones) (D) is the most
stable client for a PN who is being oriented. Straining urine and the
administration of pain medication are tasks that can be safely performed
with minimal risk of problems. (A, B, and C) require careful assessment
from an experienced nurse because of the potential for significant
complications.
After administration of an 0730 dose of Humalog 50/50 insulin to a client
with diabetes mellitus, which nursing action has the highest priority?
A. Ensure that the client receives breakfast within 30 minutes.
B. Remind the client to have a midmorning snack at 1000.
C. Discuss the importance of a midafternoon snack with the client.
