math 120 exam 1 questions with correct
answers
parameter v. statistic - ✔✔Pop= all; stat= subset
-stats estimate a parameter
population v. sample - ✔✔P: all subjects about whom we would like to make a statement. Population
is determined from the context of the study.
S: a subset of the population
Categorical v. quantitative variables - ✔✔C: determine which of several categories a particular subject
belongs in.
-ordinal and nominal
Q: Numerical measurements or counts on which subjects can be ordered. QUANTITY
-continuous and discrete
give examples of
ordinal variables
nominal
continuous
and discrete - ✔✔nominal= no order
ordinal=order
cont.- can be an interval
discrete= can't have 1.5
explain response and explanatory variables - ✔✔the values of a response variable can be at least
partially explained by the values of the explanatory. (not vice versa)
(input and output)
math 120 exam 1 questions with correct answers
, explain the causation v. association relationship - ✔✔in a causal relationship, the value of the
explanatory variable "causes" the value of the response variable.
types of studies: observational v. experiment? - ✔✔observational: when investigators observe or
survey a group of people
-association
experi: when investigators deliberately manipulate a variable & measure the effect of the
manipulation
-cause/effect
What does it mean to do a statistical inference? - ✔✔make conclusions about a population based on a
sample data
Define representative sample. - ✔✔sample that does a good job of characterizing the population w/
respect to a particular variable we are interested in.
-what is the target pop.? &
-does the sample represent that target w/ respect to the question being investigated?
simple random sample - ✔✔easiest way
-list all members of population (frame)
-select member randomly --> each sample = equal chance of being selected
ex: small pop.= pick names out of a hat
large pop= software or random digit table
stratified - ✔✔-divide pop. into large subgroups= strata
(these subgroups are similar--> going to be similar b/c low variability)
-take simple random from every subgroup
GOAL: stratifying into groups that reasonable similar
clustering - ✔✔-divide pop. into small subgroups= clusters
math 120 exam 1 questions with correct answers
answers
parameter v. statistic - ✔✔Pop= all; stat= subset
-stats estimate a parameter
population v. sample - ✔✔P: all subjects about whom we would like to make a statement. Population
is determined from the context of the study.
S: a subset of the population
Categorical v. quantitative variables - ✔✔C: determine which of several categories a particular subject
belongs in.
-ordinal and nominal
Q: Numerical measurements or counts on which subjects can be ordered. QUANTITY
-continuous and discrete
give examples of
ordinal variables
nominal
continuous
and discrete - ✔✔nominal= no order
ordinal=order
cont.- can be an interval
discrete= can't have 1.5
explain response and explanatory variables - ✔✔the values of a response variable can be at least
partially explained by the values of the explanatory. (not vice versa)
(input and output)
math 120 exam 1 questions with correct answers
, explain the causation v. association relationship - ✔✔in a causal relationship, the value of the
explanatory variable "causes" the value of the response variable.
types of studies: observational v. experiment? - ✔✔observational: when investigators observe or
survey a group of people
-association
experi: when investigators deliberately manipulate a variable & measure the effect of the
manipulation
-cause/effect
What does it mean to do a statistical inference? - ✔✔make conclusions about a population based on a
sample data
Define representative sample. - ✔✔sample that does a good job of characterizing the population w/
respect to a particular variable we are interested in.
-what is the target pop.? &
-does the sample represent that target w/ respect to the question being investigated?
simple random sample - ✔✔easiest way
-list all members of population (frame)
-select member randomly --> each sample = equal chance of being selected
ex: small pop.= pick names out of a hat
large pop= software or random digit table
stratified - ✔✔-divide pop. into large subgroups= strata
(these subgroups are similar--> going to be similar b/c low variability)
-take simple random from every subgroup
GOAL: stratifying into groups that reasonable similar
clustering - ✔✔-divide pop. into small subgroups= clusters
math 120 exam 1 questions with correct answers
