Biochemistry-Cell structure

Biochemistry

Cell Structure




Compiled By Simon Mwangi
Edition: 2024/25

, Science | Biochemistry I of IV pages
1. Where are membrane bound ribosomes found?
RER (rough endoplasmic reticulum)

2. What type of proteins do membrane bound ribosomes (on RER) produce?
Proteins that are mostly secreted from cell- Protein hormones, digestive enzymes

3. What type of proteins do free ribosomes (cytosol) produce?
Proteins mostly used by cell - Metbolism, structure

4. What are Nissl bodies?
RER in neurons - Synthesize NTs

5. RERs are abundant in what type of cells?
Secretory cells - Goblet cells (mucus)- Plasma cells (antibodies)- Pancreatic Beta cells (insulin)

6. What is the function of the golgi?
Modifies and transports proteins - Proteins sorted/shipped by adding signal sequences

7. What is the functions of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum?
Lipid/steroid synthesis
Detoxification of drugs and toxins

8. Why is the smooth endoplasmic reticulum called smooth?
It is part of the endoplasmic reticulum w/o ribosomes

9. What does the sarcoplasmic reticulum contain?
Calcium

10. What is the smooth endoplastic reticulum known as in myocytes?
Sarcoplastic reticulum

11. What tissues have lots of SER?
Hepatocytes (cholesterol synthesis, detoxification, CYP450)
Adrenal glands
Gonads

12. What face of the golgi do vesicles from the RER enter into?
Cis face (cis golgi network)

13. Where do vesicles leave the golgi from?
Trans face

14. What is an oligosaccharide?
Polymer (chain) of sugar molecules

15. How can the golgi modify oligosaccharides?
Attach a Nitrogen (asparagine)
Attach an Oxygen (serine/threonine)

Biochemistry 2024/25 Edition