Diseases of the Respiratory System
•Basic Components & Normal Microflora
URT = Where the physical, chemical, and microfloral defenses are.
Mucociliary escalator: Found in UPT
- Cilia that lead upward, when you get sick and cough the mucus comes up because of
this
- Can move things 5-10 mm per minute
- Can be impaired by smoking or toxic air
Pharynx: Microflora, lymphoid tissues (tonsils)
- Kids are more prone to ear infections because tube from ear to pharynx is shorter
LRT = Where the work gets done and innate/adaptive immunity reigns.
Most infections of respiratory tract are viral, but bacterial infections do happen
- should be sterile
Ears: dystation tube (the one you pop when your ears pop)
•Bacterial URT Diseases
- A bunch of –itises.: Inflammation
• Acute <3 weeks, chronic >3 weeks.
• Pharyngitis – Sore Throat.
- swollen lymph nodes, no cough or nasal discharge (usually indicative of bacterial
infections)
• Laryngitis – Lost my voice.
- can get from physically screaming or yelling, not always viral
• Epiglotitis – I can’t breathe.
- H.Influenza
- Common in kids
Can be caused by burns (Breathing in extremely hot air)
• Sinusitis – Stuffy nose.
- SInusitis in maxillary sinus could be from dental problems
- Caused by allergies
- Symptoms lessened by drainage
• Bronchitis – Cough cough.
- Majority are viral
- Less than 10% are viral: Mycoplasma or bortotellprotusis
• Viral URT Diseases
- Common Cold: Most common is RHINOVIRUS : naked viruses are tough to treat: Found
in spring and fall
- Parainfluenza virus: enveloped, summer
- Coronavirus: enveloped, winter
- Symptoms begin to appear within 72 hours, caused by viruses causing LYSIS
- Transfer by air, contact……
- Could turn into tracheal bronchitis
- Acid sensitive
- May get secondary bacterial infection
•Basic Components & Normal Microflora
URT = Where the physical, chemical, and microfloral defenses are.
Mucociliary escalator: Found in UPT
- Cilia that lead upward, when you get sick and cough the mucus comes up because of
this
- Can move things 5-10 mm per minute
- Can be impaired by smoking or toxic air
Pharynx: Microflora, lymphoid tissues (tonsils)
- Kids are more prone to ear infections because tube from ear to pharynx is shorter
LRT = Where the work gets done and innate/adaptive immunity reigns.
Most infections of respiratory tract are viral, but bacterial infections do happen
- should be sterile
Ears: dystation tube (the one you pop when your ears pop)
•Bacterial URT Diseases
- A bunch of –itises.: Inflammation
• Acute <3 weeks, chronic >3 weeks.
• Pharyngitis – Sore Throat.
- swollen lymph nodes, no cough or nasal discharge (usually indicative of bacterial
infections)
• Laryngitis – Lost my voice.
- can get from physically screaming or yelling, not always viral
• Epiglotitis – I can’t breathe.
- H.Influenza
- Common in kids
Can be caused by burns (Breathing in extremely hot air)
• Sinusitis – Stuffy nose.
- SInusitis in maxillary sinus could be from dental problems
- Caused by allergies
- Symptoms lessened by drainage
• Bronchitis – Cough cough.
- Majority are viral
- Less than 10% are viral: Mycoplasma or bortotellprotusis
• Viral URT Diseases
- Common Cold: Most common is RHINOVIRUS : naked viruses are tough to treat: Found
in spring and fall
- Parainfluenza virus: enveloped, summer
- Coronavirus: enveloped, winter
- Symptoms begin to appear within 72 hours, caused by viruses causing LYSIS
- Transfer by air, contact……
- Could turn into tracheal bronchitis
- Acid sensitive
- May get secondary bacterial infection
