Diabetes *Insipidus *(Sip) *- *CORRECT *ANSWER-antidiuretic *hormone *is *not *secreted
*adequately, *or *the *kidney *is *resistant *to *its *effect
Diabetes *insipidus *labs *- *CORRECT *ANSWER-1. *hypernatremia
2. *elevated *BUN/Cr
3. *increased *serum *osmo *>295
4. *decreased *urine *osmo *< *200
5. *decreased *urine *specific *gravity *< *1.005
6. *Decreased *ADH
7. *Polydipsia
diabetes *insipidus *treatment *- *CORRECT *ANSWER-Desmopressin *(vasopressin); *
hydrochlorothiazide, *hypotonic *sol.
syndrome *of *inappropriate *(increased) *ADH *(SIADH) *- *CORRECT *ANSWER-excessive *secretion
*of *antidiuretic *hormone *producing *water *retention *in *the *body
SIADH *Labs *- *CORRECT *ANSWER-Urine *chemistry: *Think *CONCENTRATED.
● *Increased *urine *sodium
●Increased *urine *osmolarity
●Increased *Urine *Specific *Gravity *> *1.030
● *As *urine *volume *decreases, *urine *osmolarity *increases. *(decreased *UOP) *
Blood *chemistry: *Think *DILUTE.
● *Decreased *serum *sodium *(dilutional *hyponatremia)
● *Decreased *serum *osmolarity *(less *than *270 *mEq/L)
, ● *As *serum *volume *increases, *serum *osmolarity *decreases.
- *Increased *ADH
SIADH *Treatment *- *CORRECT *ANSWER-Fluid *restriction, *IV *hypertonic *saline, *Loop *Diuretics,
*, *na *correction.
Diabetes *Ketoacidosis *Pathophysiology *- *CORRECT *ANSWER-- *Too *much *glucose *& *too *little
*insulin. *
- *Body *compensates *w/ *osmotic *diuresis
- *Leads *the *the *3Ps *(Polyuria, *polydipsia, *polyphagia) *& *glycourisa, *dehydration *&
*electrolyte *imbalance. *
- *Leads *to *fat *burning *metabolism *- *ketone *release *- *kussmaul *breathing
diabetes *ketoacidosis *s/s *- *CORRECT *ANSWER-Neuro: *Lethargic, *confused, *decreased *DTR,
*n/v
Cardio: *Tachycardia *& *Hypotension
Pulmonary: *Fruity *breath *& *kussmaul *breathing
3Ps *(Polyuria, *polyphagia, *polydipsia
diabetes *ketoacidosis *labs *- *CORRECT *ANSWER-PH *(acidotic *- *Increased *ketones)
Urine *Glucose
Blood *Glucose *300 *- *800
Decrease *HCO3
Decrease *Na
Elevated *K
Increased *Anion *Gap
Diabetes *Ketoacidosis *Treatment *- *CORRECT *ANSWER--Hospitalization
*adequately, *or *the *kidney *is *resistant *to *its *effect
Diabetes *insipidus *labs *- *CORRECT *ANSWER-1. *hypernatremia
2. *elevated *BUN/Cr
3. *increased *serum *osmo *>295
4. *decreased *urine *osmo *< *200
5. *decreased *urine *specific *gravity *< *1.005
6. *Decreased *ADH
7. *Polydipsia
diabetes *insipidus *treatment *- *CORRECT *ANSWER-Desmopressin *(vasopressin); *
hydrochlorothiazide, *hypotonic *sol.
syndrome *of *inappropriate *(increased) *ADH *(SIADH) *- *CORRECT *ANSWER-excessive *secretion
*of *antidiuretic *hormone *producing *water *retention *in *the *body
SIADH *Labs *- *CORRECT *ANSWER-Urine *chemistry: *Think *CONCENTRATED.
● *Increased *urine *sodium
●Increased *urine *osmolarity
●Increased *Urine *Specific *Gravity *> *1.030
● *As *urine *volume *decreases, *urine *osmolarity *increases. *(decreased *UOP) *
Blood *chemistry: *Think *DILUTE.
● *Decreased *serum *sodium *(dilutional *hyponatremia)
● *Decreased *serum *osmolarity *(less *than *270 *mEq/L)
, ● *As *serum *volume *increases, *serum *osmolarity *decreases.
- *Increased *ADH
SIADH *Treatment *- *CORRECT *ANSWER-Fluid *restriction, *IV *hypertonic *saline, *Loop *Diuretics,
*, *na *correction.
Diabetes *Ketoacidosis *Pathophysiology *- *CORRECT *ANSWER-- *Too *much *glucose *& *too *little
*insulin. *
- *Body *compensates *w/ *osmotic *diuresis
- *Leads *the *the *3Ps *(Polyuria, *polydipsia, *polyphagia) *& *glycourisa, *dehydration *&
*electrolyte *imbalance. *
- *Leads *to *fat *burning *metabolism *- *ketone *release *- *kussmaul *breathing
diabetes *ketoacidosis *s/s *- *CORRECT *ANSWER-Neuro: *Lethargic, *confused, *decreased *DTR,
*n/v
Cardio: *Tachycardia *& *Hypotension
Pulmonary: *Fruity *breath *& *kussmaul *breathing
3Ps *(Polyuria, *polyphagia, *polydipsia
diabetes *ketoacidosis *labs *- *CORRECT *ANSWER-PH *(acidotic *- *Increased *ketones)
Urine *Glucose
Blood *Glucose *300 *- *800
Decrease *HCO3
Decrease *Na
Elevated *K
Increased *Anion *Gap
Diabetes *Ketoacidosis *Treatment *- *CORRECT *ANSWER--Hospitalization
