BIOL 250 Exam 2 Questions with 100% Correct Answers

The fundamental units of heredity are known as _____ and multiple versions of them are known as _____ . Correct Answer genes; alleles Which of the following best describes a typical prokaryote chromosome? Correct Answer circular, composed of DNA Genes with different information at the same locus are called: Correct Answer alleles What is typically the difference between the bacterial chromosome and a plasmid? Correct Answer The chromosome contains genes that are essential for survival, whereas the plasmid contains genes that are helpful to the bacterium but not essential for survival The process in which DNA makes RNA as the first step in protein synthesis is referred to as: Correct Answer transcription In the process of translation, what molecule serves as the template for the synthesis of the new polymer? Correct Answer mrna DNA polymerase synthesizes a new strand of DNA in which biological direction? Correct Answer 5` > 3` The fragments produced by discontinuous DNA synthesis are referred to as: Correct Answer okazaki fragments Feedback inhibition is caused by an inhibitor that acts at the _________ site on the enzyme. Correct Answer allosteric The lac operon is regulated not only by enzyme induction but also by a process known as catabolite repression. Because of catabolite repression, what happens when glucose and lactose are both present in the environment? Correct Answer the lac operon is repressed Enzyme induction controls the breakdown of nutrients as they become available in the growth medium Why are operons/ functional genes regulated in a cell? Correct Answer The cell conserves energy by not making enzymes it doesn't need to function. Which of the following may cause a mutation in a DNA sequence? Correct Answer Base Analog; Acridine dyes; UV rays A linear sequence of DNA nucleotides which provides the genetic information for a single characteristic is a _____. Correct Answer gene A plasmid is a/an _____. Correct Answer extrachromosomal piece of DNA