ULTIMATE PECT PREK-4 EXAM STUDY GUIDE with 100% correct answers(latest update)

6 year old learns how many new words per year 1000 6 year old active vocabulary 2000 2-3 year old active vocabulary 900-1000 3 year old learns how many new words per month 50 language development cooing 6-8 weeks babbling 4 months holophrastic 1 year single words 18m numbers and tenses 18m and older simple sentences 2 years communicative language tell another person how you think and feel 2-4 3 skills of phonological awareness regular word reading irregular word reading advanced word analysis Reggio Emilia curriculum project based design from Childs experiences and interests integrated curriculum children allowed to determine which activities to participate in and when theories of dewey and froebel 3 basic categories for integrated model 1. correlation 2. fusion 3. integration 4 learning processes for how new learning is engaged 1. cueing and remembering prior knowledge 2. becoming aware of new information and integrating values 3. creating dissonance with current beliefs 4. develop self regulated learning control of error materials that are developed to allow children to see through observation whether they have made a mistake or completed an activity correctly all Montessori equipment have a built in control of error gives instant response stabilizing movement affects balance, posture, axial movements VCe rule the letter e is king or queen of all vowels so he can make other vowels say their name when he is the last letter of a word and the vowel and consonant go before him Guadalupe Organization, Inc. v. Tempe Elementary School District (1972) court case that addresses ELL tendency to b e labelled as learning disabled ruled that students cannot be declared disabled without proper assessment in native language zero to three program nonprofit org addresses development of infants toddlers and families fast growth 0-5 years old phone tree used for communicating with parents easy setup notifies parents of important information discovery learning promotes responsibility autonomy independence phonics instruction teaching letter sounds and combining sounds into words teaches how to sound out words and read independently two types of behaviorism classical behaviorism neobehaviorism how many minutes of physical activity should child engage in per day? 60 minutes non-sedentary activities how will a teachers stress affect children's emotional development? hinder what percent of children have a disorganized attachment? 5% frequency counts or tallies tallies of consistent behavior as it occurs used to adjust instruction/climate/interventions/events purpose of anti-bias curriculum to challenge and change all biases against gender race culture and disability how many hours of sleep is optimal for a child in prek? 10-12 a way of thinking is a ? schema audiation process in which a child's brain transforms aural images in the brain and transforms them to mental representations unscrambles sound into visual representations first 6 years of life John dewey emphasized learning through EXPERIENCE students and their interests rather than content matter. promoted free activity and problem solving and cooperative learning From this theory came integrated/child-centered curriculum. activities and skills should come out of daily life Jerome bruner Discovery learning and constructivism. learning is an active process and individuals create new ideas that are based on current knowledge He wrote that the aim of education should be to create autonomous learners. He proposed three modes of representation to store and encode into memory: Enactive representation (action-based) Iconic representation (image-based) Symbolic representation (language-based) whole language approach An approach to reading instruction based on the idea that instruction should parallel children's natural language learning. Reading materials should be whole and meaningful. 4 aspects of whole language approach: receptive language listening skills reading writing how can student feedback be collected? learning diaries the project approach INVESTIGATION guided by students questions students actively engaged teacher supports and facilitates students interested and instrumental in learning 4 learning goals: knowledge skill disposition feelings