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Samenvatting Anatomie B

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Samenvatting van Anatomie B. Inclusief tentamenvragen, alle huiswerkopdrachten en aantekeningen uit de les.

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Anatomie B
Bijeenkomst 1: Passief bewegingsapparaat




1

, Wervels




Links: saggitaal
Rechts: frontaal
Ander woord voor wervels: vertebrae

Wervels (vertebrae) en nummering
Vertebrae cervicalis: 7
atlas  C1
axis  C2
vertebra prominens  C7
Vertebrae thoracicae: 12
Vertebrae lumbales: 5
Vertebrae sacrales: 5
os sacrum
Vertebrae coccygeae: 4/5
os coccygis
Vertebrae sacrales en coccygeae zijn vergroeid 




2

, Vorm wervelkolom
Frontale vlak




Afwijkende vorm wervelkolom
Kromming in frontale vlak = scoliose




Sagittale vlak
Krommingen:
cervicaal  lordose
thoracaal  kyfose
lumbaal  lordose
sacraal  kyfose




3

, Wervelkolom & onderdelen
• Alle wervels bestaan uit dezelfde onderdelen
• Verschillen in vorm en functie
• Alleen atlas en axis zijn helemaal anders
= C1 + C2

Wervelkolom & onderdelen




Naam in NA Nederlandse vertaling
1 columna vertebralis wervelkolom
2 atlas
3 axis
4 vertebrae cervicalis (I-VII) halswervels
5 – vertebra prominens
6 vertebrae thoracicae (I-XII) borstwervels
7 vertebrae lumbales (I-V) lendenwervels
8 vertebrae sacrales (I-V) heiligbeenwervels
9 – os sacrum heiligbeen
10 vertebrae coccygeae stuitbeenwervels
11 – os coccygis stuitbeen

12 corpus vertebrae wervellichaam
13 arcus vertebrae wervelboog
14 foramen intervertebrale gat tussen de wervels
15 foramen vertebrale wervelgat
16 canalis vertebralis wervelkanaal

17 processus transversus dwarsuitsteeksel
18 processus spinosus doornuitsteeksel
19 processus articularis superior bovenste gewrichtsuitsteeksel
20 processus articularis inferior onderste gewrichtsuitsteeksel



Verschillen in vorm & functie per regio

4

, Cervicale wervels Thoracale wervels Lumbale wervels




Grootte corpus vertebrae + ++ +++
(+, ++, +++) “Rechthoek” “Driehoek” “Boon”
Grootte foramen vertebralis +++ ++ +
(+, ++, +++)
- Gespleten (meer - Naar dorso-caudaal gericht - Recht naar achter gericht
Vorm en richting processus aanhechtingsplekken voor spieren)
spinosus - “Dakpannen”, weinig - Hoog en breed (rug goed naar achter
- Recht naar achter gericht beweging in dit deel van de bewegen)
rug




Processus articularis - Ventraal- craniaal naar dorsaal- - Ventraal-lateraal naar - Ventraal-mediaal naar dorsaal-lateraal
caudaal doorsaal-mediaal
- “Sagittaal vlak”
- “Gekanteld transversaal vlak” - “Frontaal vlak”
- Rotatie vrijwel niet mogelijk
- Alle bewegingen goed mogelijk - Alle bewegingen mogelijk,
maar afgeremd door ribben


5
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