NBCE Part 1 - General Anatomy 1.1

NBCE Part 1 - General Anatomy 1.1 What is the meeting of the lambdoidal, occiptomastoid, and parietomastoid sutures? - Asterion junction of occipital, parietal and temporal bones junction of lambdoidal, and squamous sutures What are the soft spots in the skull of a newborn? - Fontanelles AKA for external occipital protuberance? - Inion Where the great wing of the sphenoid meets the parietal bone? - Pterion The junction of the coronal and sagittal sutures, also the spot of the largest fontanelle in newborns? - Bregma Which muscle located in the superficial fascia of the neck acts to tense the skin, and draw corners of mouth inferiorly (aka shaving muscle)? - Platysma What classification are joints of costrovertebral (rib to vertebral body) and costotransverse (tubercle of rib to TP) joints? - Gliding What type of joints are costochondral (rib to costal cartilage)? - Cartilaginous Which nerve of the brachial plexus innervates the latissimus dorsi muscle? - Thoracodorsal Which nerve of the brachial plexus innervates the teres major muscle? - Subscapular Which nerve of the brachial plexus innervates the serratus anterior muscle? - Long thoracic The anterior axillary fold is formed by the prominence of the? - Pectoralis major The posterior axillary fold is formed by the prominence of the? - Latissimus dorsi What landmark runs from the pubic symphysis to the xiphoid process in the midline; formed by the fusion of the rectus abdominus muscles? - Linea alba What is found at the level of the L3 disc but in the T10 dermatome? - Umbillicus What dermatome typically includes the navel? - T10 What dermatome typically includes the nipples? - T4 Which joint functions to attach the appendicular skeleton to the axial skeleton? - Sternoclavicular Vessels that run parallel to the long axis of bone are contained within? - Haversion canals Canals which run perpendicular to the long axis of bone, which allow blood vessels to enter the bone from the periosteum are called? - Volkman canals Ends of long bones? - Epiphysis Tubular shaft of long bones, containing marrow? - Diaphysis The part of the diaphysis nearest to the epiphysis, richest blood supply and most susceptible to infection? - Metaphysis Covering over bone, responsible for circumferential growth; has the most pain receptors? - Periosteum If classifying joints based on function, which type are the MOST moveable? - Diarthroses If classifying joints based on function, which type are the LEAST moveable (i.e. immoveable)? - Synarthroses What type of fibrous joint are the articulations of the roots of the teeth? - Gomphosis What type of cartilaginous joints are intervertebral discs? - Symphysis What type of cartilaginous joints are usually temporarily found between the epiphysis and diaphysis of a growing bone; when growth ceases the hyaline cartilage is replaced by bone? - Synchondrosis Synovial fluid contains muccopolysaccharide and what substance? - Hyaluronic acid What type of synovial joints allow flexion and extension only occuring in the elbow, knee, ankle and interphalangeal joints; the AKA for hinge? - Ginglymus What type of synovial joint allows rotation around a longitudinal axis (i.e. atlas/axis); the AKA for pivot? - Trochoid What type of synovial joint allows sliding movement between 2 flat surfaces in the facet joints, carpals, tarsals, sternoclavicular, etc? - Gliding plane What type of synovial joint is involved in the shoulder and the hip? - Ball and socket Approximately what vertebral level would we find the spine of the scapula? - T3 Which structure on the distal humerus articulates with the head of the radius? - Capitulum What structure on the distal humerus articulates with the trochlear notch of the ulna? - Trochlear What structure on the posterior aspect of the distal humerus receives the olecranon process of the ulna when the elbow is in extension? - Olecranon fossa What ligament converts the Intertubecular groove into a tunnel for the long head of the biceps muscle? - Transverse humeral What is the Latin term for "bowlegged"? - Varus What is the Latin term for "knock kneed"? - Valgus The articular disc of the distal radioulnar joint binds the radius and the ulna firmly together, articulating with the medial part of the lunate in anatomical neutral; when the hand is adducted, it articulates with? - Triquetral bone What are the named bony growths in the carpometacarpal joints, occurring in rheumatoid arthritis? - Haygarth's nodes What are the named bony growths in the PIP joints, occurring in rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis? - Bouchard's nodes What are the named bony growths in the DIP joints, occurring in rheumatoid arthritis? - Heberden's nodes What carpal bone is the most often fractured? - Scaphoid What carpal bone is the most often dislocated? - Lunate The carpal bone primarily palpated underneath the anatomical snuff box is? - Scaphoid Depression between hook of hamate and pisiform containing the ulnar nerve and artery is converted to a tunnel by the? - Pisohamate ligament Which ligament connects from the ASIS to the intertrochanteric line of the femur and prevents over extension of the hip joint? - Iliofemoral Which ligament resists hyperextension of the hip joint? - Pubofemoral Which ligament connects from the ischial wall of the acetabulum to the neck of the femur and prevents over extension of the hip joint? - Ischiofemoral Tenderness in the tibial tuberosity can arise from? - Osgood-Schlatter's syndrome Which ligament of the knee resists hyperextension? - ACL Which ligament of the knee resists hyperflexion, thus keeping the femur from anteriorly displacing on the tibia? - PCL Which ligament of the knee is stressed with varus? - Lateral (fibular) collateral Which ligament of the knee is stressed with valgus? - Medial (tibial) collateral The proximal or superior tibiofibular joint is not considered part of the knee joint; what type joint is it? - Gliding plane The distal or inferior tibiofibular joint is not considered part of the ankle joint; what type joint is it? - Syndesmosis Found on the calcaneus bone of the foot, it supports the talus? - Sustentaculum tali Ligament that runs from the sustentaculum tali of the calcaneus to the posterior inferior surface of the navicular bone maintains the longitudinal arch of the foot? - Spring ligament Name for the plasma membrane of the individual muscle fiber or cell? - Sarcolemma