PC707 Mod 3 Exam Questions With Correct Answers

Droperidol is known to... - Answer prolong the QT interval. D cimetidine is known to... - Answer prolong the Qt interval. C What GI drug classes are used to treat gastric acid excretion erosion and upset.? - Answer Antacids, H2RA, PPI, prostaglandin analogs, mucosal protectants what is the normal pH of the stomach? - Answer 1.5-3 When HCl is blocked in the stomach, how does the pH change? - Answer it increases to greater than 4.0. What is the pH of the duodenum? - Answer 6 How should antacids be taken with other medication? - Answer wait 2 hours before and after other medications Should you take prenatals and mineral supplements while taking antacids? - Answer no, they bind up metals and decrease absorption. chelating effects. what pH can enteric coated antacids withstand? - Answer pH of 2 What are side effects of calcium based antacids? - Answer constipation what are side effects of sodium bicarbonates? - Answer fluid overload and water retention, and possible htn. what are contraindications for milk of mag? - Answer renal insufficiency, and chronic diarrhea. What are contraindications of aluminum based antacids like Amphogel? - Answer Decreases Warfarin absorption. Contraindicated for constipation, and renal failure. Is Bismuth Subsalicylate (pepto-bismol) safe for pregnancy and bf? - Answer not safe for pregnancy and bf or for children under 12. what is a side effect of bismuth subsalicylate? - Answer black stool What is a dopamine antagonist? - Answer Metoclopramide, Reglan What is the bbw of a common Dopamine antagonist? - Answer Tardive dyskinesia, non reversible how does Metoclopramide work? - Answer promotes gastric emptying (prokinetic) and tones the lower esophageal sphincter. What is the MOA for H2RAs? - Answer binds histamine receptors and stops acid production. What is a contraindication for Cimetidine (Tagament)? - Answer it is a cyp inhibitor and has many drug to drug interactions. Is Ranitidine (Zantac) safe for consumption? - Answer it was removed from the market for possible carcinogenic ingredients. what is the MOA for PPIs? - Answer it slows the and/or stops the secretion of acid pumps. what are side effects and/or contraindications of PPIs? - Answer interferes with vit B12, Ca, Iron absorption. risk of fractures and gastric malignancy. what is the time from PPIs should be prescribed for before describing? - Answer 8-12 weeks what is the standard treatment for H. Pylori? - Answer PPIs what is the use for long term PPIs? - Answer chronic use of NSAIDS What is a long term effect of PPI use? - Answer thickening of the stomach lining (hyperplasia) What illnesses do PPIs put patients at risk of? - Answer pneumonia, TB, C. diff, and rebound hyperacidity. Do you need to monitor patients who take PPIs? - Answer no monitoring necessary. In what order are antacids recommended for use? - Answer 1st-antacids, 2nd H2RA, 3rd- PPIs how do you stop taking PPIs? - Answer taper them off How do prostaglandins effect stomach acid? - Answer prostaglandins produce mucus in gastric mucosa cells. prostaglandins inhibit HCI secretion and stimulate mucus secretion. what is Cytotec used for? - Answer peptic ulcers and for prevention of ulcers for chronic NSAID use. what is the BBW for Cytotec? - Answer cat X, may cause abortion, fetal demise in 2nd and 3rd trimesters and for cervical ripening and induction of labor. What is the MOA of sucralfate (Carafate)? - Answer creates a protective barrier against pepsin and acid. It is not a neutralizer or decreaser of acid production. Loperamide (Imodium) - Answer structural analog of Meperidine. Causes decreased secretions and decreased peristalsis. Diphenoxylate and atropine (Lomotil) - Answer structural analog of meperidine. Causes decreased secretions and decreased peristalsis. Atropine is an anticholinergic, which helps to dry up body fluids and also slow gut movement. Bismuth subsalicylate (pepto bismol) - Answer antisecretory, antimicrobial and anti inflammatory Bulk-forming laxatives - Answer makes stool firmer. what are shared contraindications for all classes of laxatives? - Answer contraindicated in patients with undiagnosed abdominal pain, n/v, or suspected bowel obstruction.