NCE Exam - Professional Orientation and Ethics. Questions and answers, 100% Accurate, rated A+

NCE Exam - Professional Orientation and Ethics. Questions and answers, 100% Accurate, rated A+ Which group has been most instrumental in opposing counselor licensure? - -Psychologists NBCC - -National Board for Certified Counselors, formed in 1982, awards the NCC generic credential. NCC - -National Certified Counselor Good for 5 years with 100 hours of professional development. (Passing the NCE will get a counselor this certification.) ACA - -American Counseling Association (used to be the American Personnel and Guidance Association [AACD]) CCMHA - -Certified Clinical Mental Health Counselor (Must get NCC credential first.) NCSC - -National Certified School Counselor (Must get NCC credential first.) Scope of practice - -Counselors should only practice using techniques for which they have been trained. Ethical guidelines - -First created in 1953 by the American Psychological Association (APA), National Assoc. of Social Workers (NASW) created theirs in 1960, ACA created theirs in 1961. Ethics always describe standards of conduct imposed by ____ and ______. - -ACA and NBCC. Ethics define standards of behavior set forth by organizations and certification bodies, they are not usually - -state or federally mandated laws. Most ethical dilemmas are related to ______. - -Confidentiality Confidentiality - -implies the counselor will not reveal anything about a client unless he is given specific authorization to do so. (Confidentiality is relative to the situation as far as counselors go [legally].) Most ethical dilemmas are related to _________. - -confidentiality ACA indicates counselors have an obligation to protect the confidentiality of the deceased and this should be stated clearly in your ______ ______ document given to the client at the beginning of treatment. - -informed consent Should counselors attend a funeral of a client? - -Ask self if whether beneficial (same as attending a wedding), and if attending, document date, time, basis for decision. Tarasoff v. Board of Regents of the Univ. of California - -'Duty to Warn' someone in imminent danger. (Case where client threatened in session, later killed her - her family sued, state court denied [Tarasoff I] but appealed and won in Supreme Court [Tarasoff II].) Duty to warn - -Counselors have a responsibility to warn those who appear in serious and foreseeable harm due to statements made during a session. Defamation - -revealing information that is damaging to a client's reputation. Beneficence - -Counselor is working for the good of the client or group. Justice (in a group situation) - -Counselor treats all members fairly. Nonmaleficence - -Counselor will do no harm. Libel - -Defamatory information that is written. Slander - -Defamatory information that is written but references verbal remarks. State laws govern title usage and practice, however, they do not govern ______. - -accreditation (applies to programs, not counselors) - Accreditation is NOT the law, only a process whereby an agency/school meets certain standards and qualifications set forth by an association/organization. Programs in Psychology boast accreditation by the APA, while counseling programs are accredited by ______. - -CACREP (Council for Accreditation of Counseling and Related Educational Programs) Downside of accreditation - -Accreditation organization sets the curriculum to gain it, not the school. Exceptions to confidentiality when dealing with suicide include - -joking about killing one's self, giving away possessions after a depressed period, previous suicide attempts, detailed suicide plan Suicide checks in as the ___ or ___ leading cause of death in the US (higher than homicide). - -11th or 12th (Guns account for more than all other methods put together.) Suicide is the 2nd/3rd leading cause of death for those ages ____ to ____. - -15 to 24. Suicide is more likely to occur in rural areas and in times of economic recession/depression. - -Most suicides occur in the spring at the end of April or May. ____ to ____ of clients will give warning signs of suicide. - -75 to 80% Informed consent - -The process of giving the client a document stating counselor qualifications, office hours, billing policies, emergency procedures, therapy techniques, and confidentiality rules so they can acknowledge and sign to signify understanding. Privileged communication (client's privilege) - -Legal term implying that a therapeutic interaction (verbal or written) will not be available for public inspection (without client consent). The client can choose whether to reveal confidential info (usually on witness stand) - they are the holder of the privilege. Privileged communication is a _____ concept which protects _____, not counselors. - -legal, clients Privileged communication laws are not applicable in cases of - -child abuse, neglect, exploitation, suicide, homicidal threats, criminal intentions, clients in dire need of hospitalization, malpractice suits, where client is a minor or mentally incompetent. Privileged communication that is 'qualified' means - -exceptions may exist. (Privileged comm. based on licensure status, not degree of certification credetials, because it is a LEGAL concept.) Counselors are mandated reporters for child abuse, making it legal and ethical to break confidentiality in such instances. - -When a client's condition indicates there is a clear and imminent danger or serious/foreseeable harm to the client and others, the counselor must take reasonable personal action or inform responsible authorities. Exceptions to confidentiality - -Client is danger to self or others, Client requests release of info, Court orders a release of info, Counselor engaged in supervision, Clerical assistant processes client info, Legal/clinical consultations, Malpractice suit, Client less than 18 yrs old, Elderly abuse, Insurance co. requests diagnosis Tarasoff implies a responsible helper will warn an ____ ______. - -intended victim. Professionals generally adhere to the ______ of _______ _______, which suggests you reveal only what is necessary. - -principle of minimal disclosure Aspirational ethics - -a practitioner adheres to the highest possible ethical standards. A 39 yr old female you are seeing in an assertiveness training group reveals she is plotting to shoot her husband. Based on Tarasoff, you should - -warn the husband. One impetus for counselor licensing was that psychology licensure bodies sought to _______ the practice of counselors so counselors could not receive 3rd party payments from insurance and managed care company. - -restrict (Licensing for counselors was needed as psychologist attained licensing [and had a monopoly on nonmedical treatment services] in every state in the U.S.) EPPP - -Examination for Professional Practice in Psychology (EPPP is to psychologists what the NCE is to counselors) The term 'psychology' can only be used if the helper in question is a licensed ________. - -psychologist CACREP accredits masters' degree programs in - -career, college, community, gerontological, marital, couple, family, mental health, school counseling, student affairs, counselor education, counselor supervision, and doctoral degrees. (largest # is in school counseling, community counseling is 2nd) One major difference between the psychology v. counseling movement is - -psychologists are working to eliminate practitioners with less than a doctorate while counselors are not. APA is to psychologist as ACA is to - -counselor Certification is not the same as _______. - -licensing (A counseling license is granted by the state government. It is a title mastered by living up to certain standards.) an impaired professional - -A counselor who is alcoholic and suffering from burnout. (defined here as the deterioration in the ability to function as a counselor) Paraprofessional - -a helper who does not possess the education and experience necessary to secure professional credentials. Counselor certification - -recognizes you have reached a given level of competence and thus are authorized to use a title. A woman comes to you for help with an eating disorder. You have no experience or training in this area. Ethically, you should - -refer this client to a colleague who is trained and experienced with this type of client. ________ was the first state to license counselors in 1976. - -Virginia The problem with _____ ____ _____ is that it is difficult to administer them in a fair manner. - -sliding fee scales (or income sensitive scales) They are ethical and legal, and popular with nonprofit agencies.