NCE & CPCE Multiple Choice Chapters 3, 6, 7, & 8. All Examinable Questions with accurate answers, rated A+

NCE & CPCE Multiple Choice Chapters 3, 6, 7, & 8. All Examinable Questions with accurate answers, rated A+ Aging is a. biological b. social c. psychological d. all - -all Which of the following is NOT a true statement about biological aging? a. it depends on metabolic changes b. it refers to people's perceptions of how old or young they feel c. it involves anabolism d. it involves catabolism - -refers to people's perceptions of how old or young they feel Catabolism refers to a. the body's decline to death from its peak b. the body's development from birth to its peak c. the metabolic changes that occur in the elderly d. none - -body's decline to death from its peak Intelligence is accounted for mostly by a person's a. environment b. genetics c. genetics and environment in equal parts d. educational level - -genetics Epigenetic theorists emphasize the importance of a. nature b. nurture c. nature and nurture d. none - -nature and nurture The brain usually reaches its adult weight by the time a person is a. 12 b. 16 c. 44 d. 64 - -16 The most primitive part of the brain is the a. hindbrain b. midbrain c. forebrain d. cerebral cortex - -hindbrain The ______ is responsible for regulating arousal and attention a. medulla oblongata b. cerebellum c. reticular activating system d. hypothalamus - -reticular activating system Sicle cell anemia is a. X-linked disease b. sex chromosomal disorder c. autosomal disorder d. none - -autosomal disorder Males born with an extra X chromosome have a. Turner syndrome b. Tay-Sachs disease c. phenylketonuria d. Klinefelter's syndrome - -Klinefelter's syndrome In Ivan Pavlov's famous experiments with dogs, the conditioned stimulus was a. salivation b. meat powder c. bell, buzzer, tone d. none - -bell In classical conditioning, when people present a conditioned stimulus at the same time as the unconditioned stimulus, they are using a. backward conditioning b. simultaneous conditioning c. retroactive conditioning d. delayed conditioning - -simultaneous ___ is the most successful form of conditioning. a. backward b. simultaneous c. retroactive d. delayed - -delayed John B Watson is most well-known for his experiments involving a. rat b. dog c. duck d. cats - -rat ____ is best known for th theory of operant conditioning a. Ivan Pavlov b. B.F. Skinner c. John B Watson d. Albert Bandura - -BF Skinner According to Piaget, when people use their existing cognitive framework to understand new info, they are involved in the process of adaptation known as a. assimilation b. accommodation c. symbolic representation d. all - -assimilation Children learn object permanence in the ___ stage of Piaget's theory of cognitive development a. sensorimotor b. pre operational c. concrete operational d. formal operational - -sensorimotor Animism refers to a. only being able to focus on one aspect of a problem at a time b. thinking that humans created everything in the world c. giving life to lifeless objects d. the belief that actions cannot be reversed - -giving life to lifeless objects Individuals can think logically and abstractly when they reach the ___ stage of Piaget's theory of cognitive development a. sensorimotor b. preoperational c. concrete operational d. formal operational - -formal operational Some teenagers drive over the speed limit without wearing seat belts because they do not believe that they can be hurt. These teenagers a. have an imaginary audience b. has created a personal fable c. are engaged in magical thinking d. are using divergent thinking - -personal fable Noam Chomsky's theory of language development is considered to be a(n) a. learning theory approach b. nativist approach c. interactionalist approach d. epigenetic approach - - Language rules that transcend specific languages and cultures are called a. surface structures b. global structures c. deep structures d. intrinsic structures - -deep How many morphemes does the word "books" have? a. 1 b. 2 c. 3 d. 4 - -2 The appropriate use of grammar is the definition of a. syntax b. pragmatics c. semantics d. phonology - -syntax When do babies become adept at holophrasing a. 8 months b. 10 months c. 1 year d. 1 1/2 years - -1 1/2 years Freud believed that fixation results from a. overgratificiation b. undergratification c. both d. none - -both Erikson would consider a normal 4 year old child to be in the ____ stage of personality development a. initiative vs guilt b. basic trust vs mistrust c. autonomy vs shame and doubt d. industry vs inferiority - -initiative vs guilt A person who obeys group rules and seeks familial acceptance is in the ___ stage of Loevinger's ego development theory. a. integrated b. conformist c. self-awareness d. conscientious - -conformist According to Maslow, before people can meet their needs for esteem, they must meet their need for a. safety b. belongingness c. survival d. all - -all Children who are clingy and react strongly to separation form their caretakers are considered by Mary Ainsworth to display a. secure attachment b. avoidant attachment c. ambivalent attachment d. disorganized attachment - -ambivalent Most adults are in the ___ level of Kohlberg's theory of moral development a. preconventional b. conventional c. post conventional d. none - -conventional Individuals who adhere to moral standards to satisfy their own personal desires are in Kohlberg's ____ stage of moral development a. instrumental hedonism b. "good boy, good girl" c. obedience and punishment d. law and order - -instrumental hedonism People who are in the conventional stage of Kohlberg's theory of moral development may do all the following Except: a. follow the rules to avoid societal disapproval b. follow the rules to avoid familial disapproval c. follow the rules because they have been agreed on through a democratic process d. follow the rules so that law and order can be maintained - -because they have been agreed upon by a democratic process A woman who balances her personal needs with those of others is in the ___ stage of Gilligan's theory of moral development a. goodness as self-sacrifice b. orientation to individual survival c. morality of nonviolence d. all - -morality of nonviolence Children often do not understand the reasons behind rules when they are in the ___ stage of Piaget's theory of moral development a. premoral b. moral realism c. moral relativism d. moral orientation - -moral realism According to Gesell, human development is PRIMARILY due to a. genetics b. nurture c. the environment d. none - -genetics Havighurst believes that relating to one's spouse as a person is a developmental task of a. young adulthood b. middle age c. late maturity d. all - -middle age In Havighurst's model of human development, many of the earlier (childhood) tasks are a. biologically determined b. socially determined c. culturally determined d. psychologically determined - -biologically In Gould's theory of adult development, adults must do all of the follow except a. refute false assumptions b. decrease parental dependency c. increase spousal dependency d. increase self-reliance - -increase spousal dependency Peck's theory of adult development is an expansion of a. Erikson's psychosocial theory b. Freud's psychosexual theory c. Havighursts' developmental task approach d. Gould's adult development theory - -Erikson's psychosocial theory What percentage of first marriages end in divorce? a. 30 b. 40 c. 50 d. 60 - -50 During the ___ stage of family development, it is most important for boundaries to become more flexible a. welcoming children into the family b. raising adolescents c. launching d. later family life - -raising adolescents Children of permissive parents often become all of the following except a. rebellious b. aggressive c. self-centered d. irresponsible - -rebellious Parents who enforce a set standard of conduct and frequently use physical punishment to control their children are a. authoritative b. authoritarian c. uninvolved d. permissive - -authoritarian Today, a couple's divorce is most commonly blamed on a. domestic abuse b. substance abuse c. incompatibility d. all - -incompatibility The death of a child is a a. developmental crisis b. psychiatric crisis c. existential crisis d. situational crisis - -situational All of the following are developmental crises except a. birth of child b. moving to a new state c. car accident d. changing jobs - -car accident Counselors who become emotionally affected after exposure to crisis victims are experiencing a. compassion fatigue b. vicarious trauma c. burnout d. transcrisis - -compassion fatigue Counselors should assess __ when they believe a client might be suicidal a. whether the client has a plan b. whether the client has a means for carrying out the plan c. whether the plan is specific, detailed, and plausible d. all - -all According to the Invisible Self wellness model, the following is NOT part of the essential self a. gender identity b. nutrition c. spirituality d. self-care - -nutrition The DSM5 a. is not offend used by professional counselors b. is difficult to interpret into laymen's terms for the client c. provides a common language for mental health professionals to communicate with one another d. all - -common language to communicate together Which of the following is a DSM5 neurodevelopmental disorder a. PTSD b. Antisocial Personality Disorder c. ADHD d. Oppositional Defiant Disorder - -Antisocial Personality Disorder Individuals with Conduct Disorder cannot simultaneously be diagnosed with a. Oppositional Defiant Disorder b. ADHD c. Seperation Anxiety Disorder d. Learning Disorder - -Oppositional Defiant Disorder A person who experiences a depressed mood more often than not of at least 2 years would likely be diagnosed with a. Major Depressive Disorder b. Cyclothymic Disorder c. Bipolar I Disorder d. Dysthymic Disorder - -Dysthymic Disorder ___ has been translated to mean "fear of the marketplace" a. Agoraphobia b. Factitious Disorder c. Paraphilia d. Hypochondriasis - -agoraphobia ___ introduced group work to schools a. Frank Parsons b. Jesse davis c. Lewis Wender d. Joseph Pratt - -Jesse Davis Which of the following is not a true statement about marathon groups? a. can last up to 48 hours b. members are encouraged to be authentic with each other c. become popular during the 1980s d. self-disclosure is an integral part - -popular during 1980s A ____ group is not one of the 4 primary types of group work a. psychoeducational b. task c. growth d. psychotherapy - -growth Reality distortion occurs when a. the social environment in the group is radically dissimilar to the outside world b. group members view their problems through rose colored glasses c. members engage in avoidance behaviors d. all - -the social environment in the group is radically dissimilar to the outside world The first form of psychodrama was called a. role playing b. psychological improvisations c. dramatic reenacting d. the Theater of Spontaneity - -the Theater of Spontaneity Psychoeducational groups are a. remedial b. preventative c. growth oriented d. all - -all ___ groups focus heavily on skill-building a. Psychoeducational b. Psychotherapy c. Task d. Counseling - -Psychoeducational Counseling groups are more ___ than psychoeducational groups a. structured b. problem oriented c. pedagogic d. none - -problem oriented ____ groups are for members who have severe psychiatric problems a. counseling b. psychoeducational c. psychotherapy d. task - -psychotherapy Which of the following is a false statement about task groups a. The primary goal of completing a task b. Leaders work to change and improve member behaviors c. Task groups are run using principle of group dynamics d. Collaboration is used to facilitate goal achievement - -Leaders work to change and improve member behavior In the beginning stage of a group, a leader is generally more ___ than in later stages a. laisse-faire b. directive c. democratic d. passive - -directive ___ is not an executive function of a group leader a. establishing boundaries b. beginning and ending group sessions c. establishing norms d. planning group sessions - -establishing norms Each of the following are an example of ways to bring members into the here and now except a. processing members current situations b. discussing immediate interactions between group members c. helping members make future plans d. encouraging members to provide feedback to other members - -helping members make future plans A group in which the members take almost full responsibility for the group sessions and process most likely have a ___ leader a. laissez-faire b. democratic c. authoritarian d. uninvolved - -laissez-faire Group conflict usually occurs during the ___ stage of a counseling group a. initial b. working c. final d. transition - -transition A group member is anxious and uneasy because she is unsure of how she is supposed to behave in group counseling. This individual is experiencing a. role overload b. role ambiguity c. role conflict d. role dissonance - -role ambiguity ______ is one of the two most essential group member tasks a. modeling b. active listening c. providing feedback d. confronting - -providing feedback Information that is known to self but unknown to others is found in which quadrant of the Johari window? a. public/open quadrant b. private/hidden quadrant c. blind quadrant d. unknown/unconscious quadrant - -private/hidden quadrant Group members sometimes take on challenging roles to address a personal need or issue related to each of the following EXCEPT a. attachment b. acceptance c. identity d. power - -attachment ____ can be a challenging group member behavior a. opinion seeking b. gatekeeping c. evaluation d. advice giving - -advice giving A ___ is an example of a spontaneous content group a. social skills group