Test Bank For Research Methods A Process.pdf

Test Bank For Research Methods: A Process
of Inquiry Plus MySearchLab with eText —
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,Graziano and Raulin Research Methods Test BankChapter 2
Research is a Process of Inquiry
2.1 The Scientific Process

1) Which of the following is NOT true about the basic assumptions of science?
A) We often do not know if the assumptions we make are true.
B) The scientist treats the assumption as if it were true in order to proceed with further investigation.
C) Some assumptions are shared by all scientists regardless of their discipline.
D) There is now evidence to prove the truth of these assumptions.
Answer: D
Type: MC
Page Ref: 31 (SG)
Skill: Interpretive

2) A scientific idea or statement that is tentatively accepted as being true is called
A) an assumption.
B) a corollary.
C) an axiom.
D) a paradigm.
Answer: A
Type: MC
Page Ref: 31 (PQ)
Skill: Factual

3) Research is scientific if
A) it is carried out by a well-trained research scientist.
B) it involves both empirical and rational processes.
C) it uses models and constructs to generate ideas.
D) the purpose is to understand the universe around us.
Answer: B
Type: MC
Page Ref: 31 (SG)
Skill: Interpretive

4) In scientific research, facts are
A) the knowledge gained through empirical observation.
B) the behavior of the researcher.
C) the opinion of the researcher.
D) nonexistent; everything is open to interpretation.
Answer: A
Type: MC
Page Ref: 32 (PQ)
Skill: Interpretive

5) The empirical process of using sense data to recognize and note factual events is termed
A) hypothesis testing.
B) sensory perception.
C) observation.
D) cognition.
Answer: C
Type: MC
Page Ref: 32
Skill: Factual
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,6) The most basic unit in psychological research is
A) computer hardware.
B) computer software.
C) observed facts.
D) statistical analysis.
Answer: C
Type: MC
Page Ref: 32
Skill: Interpretive

7) Before 1974, systematic desensitization was used in work with
A) children only.
B) adults only.
C) prison inmates only.
D) All of the above
Answer: B
Type: MC
Page Ref: 32
Skill: Factual

8) An inference
A) often assumes that an observed behavior is the result of some unseen process.
B) will be accurate if the behavioral observations on which the inference is based are accurate.
C) follows directly from a given set of observations.
D) is indistinguishable from the facts on which the inference is based.
Answer: A
Type: MC
Page Ref: 32 (SG)
Skill: Interpretive

9) Inferences are
A) one of many types of facts.
B) scientifically valid.
C) largely drawn from empirical observations.
D) anything that cannot be replicated.
Answer: C
Type: MC
Page Ref: 32
Skill: Interpretive

10) Most facts in psychology are
A) gained from nonverbal communication.
B) associated with small and large muscle activity.
C) behaviors.
D) tested only in strict laboratory conditions.
Answer: C
Type: MC
Page Ref: 32
Skill: Interpretive

11) Which of the following represents the major category of facts in psychology?
A) behavior of organisms
B) human behavior
C) motives and learned responses
D) psychological theories



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, Answer: A
Type: MC
Page Ref: 32 (SG)
Skill: Interpretive

12) Which of the following would NOT be a fact?
A) a person's score on a test
B) the response of a participant to an anxiety producing situation
C) a person's memory
D) the time it takes a participant to complete a difficult task
Answer: C
Type: MC
Page Ref: 32 (SG)
Skill: Applied

13) The major category of fact that is observed in psychology is
A) the behavior of groups.
B) the behavior of organisms.
C) abnormal behavior.
D) perceptual behavior.
Answer: B
Type: MC
Page Ref: 32
Skill: Interpretive

14) Since internal conditions are NOT observable, they must be
A) invented.
B) made external.
C) inferred.
D) nonexistent.
Answer: C
Type: MC
Page Ref: 32 (PQ)
Skill: Interpretive

15) The main facts observed in psychology are
A) organismic facts.
B) inferred facts.
C) universal facts.
D) behavioral facts.
Answer: D
Type: MC
Page Ref: 32
Skill: Factual

16) Inferences are largely drawn from
A) experience.
B) empirical observations.
C) hypotheses.
D) textbooks.
Answer: B
Type: MC
Page Ref: 33 (PQ)
Skill: Interpretive

17) Constructs are to inference as facts are to


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