Test Bank for An Introduction to Statistics An Active Learning Approach, 2nd Edition

Test Bank for An Introduction to Statistics An Active Learning Approach, 2nd Edition Test Bank Chapter 1: Introduction to Statistics and Frequency Distributions Multiple Choice 1. After a statistics class, Dr. Johnson asked all 51 of her students the degree to which they felt statistics were going to be useful in their eventual career. She had all of her students respond to the following question, “Statistics will be very useful in my future profession,” using the following scale: 1 = not at all useful and 7 = very useful. She found that the average response was a 4.9. Given that the mean 4.9 was based on all of her students, the 4.9 would be called . A. a statistic B. a parameter C. sampling error Ans: B Learning Objective: Terms parameter 2. After a statistics class, Dr. Johnson asked all 51 of her students the degree to which they felt statistics were going to be useful in their eventual career. She had all of her students respond to the following question, “Statistics will be very useful in my future profession,” using the following scale: 1 = not at all useful and 7 = very useful. She found that the average response was a 4.9. The purpose of Dr. Johnson’s survey is best described as . A. sampling error B. descriptive C. inferential Ans: B Learning Objective: Terms descriptive statistics 3. A cognitive psychologist studying reading comprehension wanted to know what would happen if all college students were taught better reading strategies. She obtained a sample of 40 college students from the introductory psychology class and taught 20 of them effective reading strategies. The other 20 students were given a placebo treatment. She then gave all 40 students a standardized reading comprehension test. The mean score on the reading test for those taught the reading strategies was 49, with a standard deviation of 4. The mean score for those receiving the placebo treatment was 44, with a standard deviation of 3.8. The purpose of this study is best described as: A. descriptive B. inferential Ans: B Learning Objective: Terms inferential statistics 4. A cognitive psychologist studying reading comprehension wanted to know what would happen if all college students were taught better reading strategies. She obtained a sample of 40 college students from the introductory psychology class and taught 20 of them effective reading strategies. The other 20 students were given a placebo treatment. She then gave all 40 students a standardized reading comprehension test. The mean score on the reading test for those taught the reading strategies was 49, with a standard deviation of 4. The mean score for those receiving the placebo treatment was 44, with a standard deviation of 3.8.The sample of college students was intended to represent all college students, therefore the values of 49 and 44 would be called . A. statistic B. parameters Ans: A Learning Objective: Terms statistic 5. After their medical appointments with her, Dr. Jackson asked all 42 of her patients if they were satisfied with their medical appointment. She had all of her patients rate their overall satisfaction by answering the following question, “How satisfied are you with the medical appointment you just had?” 1 = not at all satisfied; 7 = completely satisfied. She found that the average response was a satisfaction score of 5.2. Given that the mean satisfaction score of 5.2 was based on all of her patients, the 5.2 would be called . A. a statistic B. a parameter C. sampling error Ans: B Learning Objective: Terms parameter 6. After their medical appointments with her, Dr. Jackson asked all 42 of her patients if they were satisfied with their medical appointment. She had all of her patients rate their overall satisfaction by answering the following question, “How satisfied are you with the medical appointment you just had?” 1 = not at all satisfied; 7 = completely satisfied. She found that the average response was a satisfaction score of 5.2. The purpose of Dr. Jackson’s survey is best described as . A. sampling error B. descriptive C. inferential Ans: B Learning Objective: Terms descriptive statistics 7. A U.S. Senator from Indiana wanted to know what all her constituents thought about the Clean Air Act that was coming up for a vote in the Senate. She sent a letter to a sample of 257 Indiana voters asking them if they supported the Clean Air Act even if it meant they would have to pay higher prices for gasoline. The results indicated that 39% of the sample supported the Clean Air Act even if it meant higher gasoline prices. The purpose of this survey is best described as : A. descriptive B. inferential C. sampling error Ans: B Learning Objective: Terms interential statistics 8. A U.S. Senator from Indiana wanted to know what all her constituents thought about the Clean Air Act that was coming up for a vote in the Senate. She sent a letter to a sample of 257 Indiana voters asking them if they supported the Clean Air Act even if it meant they would have to pay higher prices for gasoline. The results indicated that 39% of the sample supported the Clean Air Act even if it meant higher gasoline prices. The sample of Indiana voters was intended to represent all Indiana voters, therefore the value of 39% would be called . A. a parameter B. sampling error C. a statistic Ans: C Learning Objective: Terms statistic 9. Researchers use samples to estimate population parameters because it is rarely feasible to obtain data from an entire population. Sample statistics estimate population parameters. The discrepancy between sample statistics and population parameters is called: A. statistical power B. Type I error C. Type II error D. sampling error Ans: D Learning Objective: Terms sampling error 10. What potential problem is created when researchers use samples of participants rather than entire populations in their research studies? A. statistical power B. Type I error C. Type II error D. sampling error Ans: D Learning Objective: Terms sampling error