Crim 3213: Community Corrections (lecture 1)
Two Year Rule:
- 2 years less a day = provincial/territorial 96% of convicted people
Probation, bail, community service, diversion, jails
- 2 years plus a day = federal (Correctional Service Canada), 5 regions, Parole, Federal
prisons, healing lodges, halfway houses, psychiatric/reception/health facilities, research
Correctional Trends:
- Admissions to prisons decreasing generally
- Admissions to prison for Indigenous peoples are increasing
- More people in remand than serving time
- 80% of people being supervised in community
- 92% of community supervision sentences involve probation
- 74% of all sentences involve probation
- Number of people on probation increasing
- Males between 20-39 make up almost 60% of federal and provincial prisoners
- Corrections cost over $5 billion/year (an increase from last reported)
- Rates for prison and community supervision for youth continue to decline
Section 718- Principles of Sentencing:
The fundamental purpose of sentencing is to contribute, along with crime prevention initiatives,
to respect for the law and the maintenance of a just, peaceful and safe society by imposing just
sanctions that have one or more of the following objectives:
(a) to denounce unlawful conduct;
(b) to deter the offender and other persons from committing offences; (c) to separate offenders
from society, where necessary;
(d) to assist in rehabilitating offenders;
(e) to provide reparations for harm done to victims or to the community; (f) to promote a sense of
responsibility in offenders, and acknowledgment of the harm done to victims and to the
community.
Bail:
- Bail is used when the court determines that remanding the accused in custody prior to
trial is not warranted to ensure public safety or compel the accused to appear in court.
- A court order by which an individual who is accused of a criminal offence promises to
appear in court at a designated time and date and abide by conditions as directed in the
order and by the bail supervisor (probation officer).
Probation:
- A court order that imposes a sentence to be served in the community for a specified
period of time.
Two Year Rule:
- 2 years less a day = provincial/territorial 96% of convicted people
Probation, bail, community service, diversion, jails
- 2 years plus a day = federal (Correctional Service Canada), 5 regions, Parole, Federal
prisons, healing lodges, halfway houses, psychiatric/reception/health facilities, research
Correctional Trends:
- Admissions to prisons decreasing generally
- Admissions to prison for Indigenous peoples are increasing
- More people in remand than serving time
- 80% of people being supervised in community
- 92% of community supervision sentences involve probation
- 74% of all sentences involve probation
- Number of people on probation increasing
- Males between 20-39 make up almost 60% of federal and provincial prisoners
- Corrections cost over $5 billion/year (an increase from last reported)
- Rates for prison and community supervision for youth continue to decline
Section 718- Principles of Sentencing:
The fundamental purpose of sentencing is to contribute, along with crime prevention initiatives,
to respect for the law and the maintenance of a just, peaceful and safe society by imposing just
sanctions that have one or more of the following objectives:
(a) to denounce unlawful conduct;
(b) to deter the offender and other persons from committing offences; (c) to separate offenders
from society, where necessary;
(d) to assist in rehabilitating offenders;
(e) to provide reparations for harm done to victims or to the community; (f) to promote a sense of
responsibility in offenders, and acknowledgment of the harm done to victims and to the
community.
Bail:
- Bail is used when the court determines that remanding the accused in custody prior to
trial is not warranted to ensure public safety or compel the accused to appear in court.
- A court order by which an individual who is accused of a criminal offence promises to
appear in court at a designated time and date and abide by conditions as directed in the
order and by the bail supervisor (probation officer).
Probation:
- A court order that imposes a sentence to be served in the community for a specified
period of time.
