Module 8 Portage 219 Organic
Chemistry
Polymer - answerlarge molecule made by repetitive linking of smaller units (monomers)
Macromolecule - answer very large molecule composed of thousands of covalently
bonded atoms (ex: polymer)
1. natural (in nature)
2. synthetic (in lab) - answertwo ways polymers are made
rubber, carbs: starch & cellulose, proteins, nucleic acids DNA, RNA - answer natural
polymers
nylon, teflon, styrofoam, polyethylene, Dacron, - answersynthetic polymers
1. method of formation
2. final composition
3. stereochemical orientation - answer3 main ways to differentiate polymers
1. chain-growth
2. step-growth - answerTwo classifications of Synthetic polymers
addition polymers - answerchain growth polymers are also know as:
made by addition of one monomer unit to another in a repetitive pattern - answerHow
are chain growth polymers made?
chain growth polymerization - answerA polymerization involving sequential addition to
monomers that are unsaturated (C=C) or have some other reactive functional groups
(particularly ethylene and derivatives)
1. intervention
2. consumption of all available monomers - answerwhat 2 things stops chain growth
polymerization?
Teflon - answerchain-growth
polymer: polytetrafluoroethylene
monomer: F2C=CF2
nonstick coating, goretex, electrical insulator, chem-resistant coating
Saran - answerchain-growth
, polymer: polyvinylidenedichloride
monomer: H2C=CCl2
cling-wrap
Polypropylene - answerchain-growth
polymer: polypropylene
monomer: H2C=CHCH3
carpet fibers, car parts, toys, packaging, houseware
Orlon, Acrilan, Creslan - answerchain-growth
polymer: polyacrylonitrile
monomer: H2C=CH(CN)
textiles/fibers, carpets, upholstery
Polyvinyl Acetate - answerchain-growth
polymer: polyvinyl acetate
monomer: H2C=CH(OCOCH3)
elmers glue, silly putty, latex paints
Polyvinyl alcohol - answerchain-growth
polymer: polyvinyl alcohol
monomer: H2C=CH(OH)
eye med- artificial tears
Plexiglass (Lucite) - answerchain-growth
polymer: polymethylmethacrylate
monomer: H2C=C9CH3)COOCH3
clear plastic sheets , blocks, and tubing
the final polymer retains all of the atoms of the monomer - answerThe defining
characteristic of chain-growth polymers
step growth polymerization - answerformed by the reaction between 2 different
functional groups on different monomer molecules with the accompanying loss of some
small molecule (typically water)
The final polymer chain does NOT include all the atoms initially present in the monomer
molecules - answerThe defining characteristic of step-growth polymers
condensation polymers - answerstep-growth polymers also known as:
typically di or polyfunctional - answerfunctionality of step-growth monomers
alternating order in the final polymer chain - answerappearance of monomers in step-
growth polymerization
Chemistry
Polymer - answerlarge molecule made by repetitive linking of smaller units (monomers)
Macromolecule - answer very large molecule composed of thousands of covalently
bonded atoms (ex: polymer)
1. natural (in nature)
2. synthetic (in lab) - answertwo ways polymers are made
rubber, carbs: starch & cellulose, proteins, nucleic acids DNA, RNA - answer natural
polymers
nylon, teflon, styrofoam, polyethylene, Dacron, - answersynthetic polymers
1. method of formation
2. final composition
3. stereochemical orientation - answer3 main ways to differentiate polymers
1. chain-growth
2. step-growth - answerTwo classifications of Synthetic polymers
addition polymers - answerchain growth polymers are also know as:
made by addition of one monomer unit to another in a repetitive pattern - answerHow
are chain growth polymers made?
chain growth polymerization - answerA polymerization involving sequential addition to
monomers that are unsaturated (C=C) or have some other reactive functional groups
(particularly ethylene and derivatives)
1. intervention
2. consumption of all available monomers - answerwhat 2 things stops chain growth
polymerization?
Teflon - answerchain-growth
polymer: polytetrafluoroethylene
monomer: F2C=CF2
nonstick coating, goretex, electrical insulator, chem-resistant coating
Saran - answerchain-growth
, polymer: polyvinylidenedichloride
monomer: H2C=CCl2
cling-wrap
Polypropylene - answerchain-growth
polymer: polypropylene
monomer: H2C=CHCH3
carpet fibers, car parts, toys, packaging, houseware
Orlon, Acrilan, Creslan - answerchain-growth
polymer: polyacrylonitrile
monomer: H2C=CH(CN)
textiles/fibers, carpets, upholstery
Polyvinyl Acetate - answerchain-growth
polymer: polyvinyl acetate
monomer: H2C=CH(OCOCH3)
elmers glue, silly putty, latex paints
Polyvinyl alcohol - answerchain-growth
polymer: polyvinyl alcohol
monomer: H2C=CH(OH)
eye med- artificial tears
Plexiglass (Lucite) - answerchain-growth
polymer: polymethylmethacrylate
monomer: H2C=C9CH3)COOCH3
clear plastic sheets , blocks, and tubing
the final polymer retains all of the atoms of the monomer - answerThe defining
characteristic of chain-growth polymers
step growth polymerization - answerformed by the reaction between 2 different
functional groups on different monomer molecules with the accompanying loss of some
small molecule (typically water)
The final polymer chain does NOT include all the atoms initially present in the monomer
molecules - answerThe defining characteristic of step-growth polymers
condensation polymers - answerstep-growth polymers also known as:
typically di or polyfunctional - answerfunctionality of step-growth monomers
alternating order in the final polymer chain - answerappearance of monomers in step-
growth polymerization
