Exam 2: NSG3100 / NSG 3100 (Latest 2026/2027 Update) Fundame
OBJECTIVE ASSESSMENT - EXAM
Exam 2: NSG3100 / NSG 3100 (Latest
2026/2027 Update) Fundamental
Concepts & Skills for Nursing Practice
I | Questions and Verified Answers |
100% Correct | Grade A - Galen
2026/2027
QUESTIONS: 75 VERIFIED ANSWERS: 75 EDITION: 2026/2027 EditionPASSING: 8
TOPICS COVERED
• Nursing Process & Clinical Judgment • Asepsis & Sterile Technique
• Care Planning & Goal Setting • Isolation Precautions & PPE
• Prioritization & Delegation • Patient Safety & Fall Prevention
• Therapeutic Communication • Medication Administration Rights
• Health Assessment & Vital Signs • Dosage Calculations & Conversions
• Physical Examination Techniques • Pharmacology & Drug Interactions
• Neurological & Pain Assessment • Wound Care & Pressure Injuries
• Infection Control & Standard Precautions • Nutrition, Elimination & Mobility
COVER PAGE - 1
,Section 1: Nursing Process, Critical Thinking & Clinical Judgment
Q1.
A nurse is caring for a patient admitted with exacerbation of heart failure. During the initial assessment, the
nurse notes bilateral crackles, 3+ pitting edema in the lower extremities, and the patient reports waking up
breathless at night.
A. The nurse should prioritize the patient's impaired gas exchange and fluid volume excess, initiating
interventions to improve oxygenation and reduce preload while notifying the provider.
B. The nurse should focus solely on the edema by elevating the legs and applying compression
stockings before addressing the respiratory symptoms.
C. The nurse should document the findings and wait for the next shift to implement any interventions
since heart failure is a chronic condition.
D. The nurse should administer a sedative to help the patient sleep through the night without waking up
breathless.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
Heart failure exacerbation with crackles and orthopnea indicates acute pulmonary edema requiring immediate
oxygenation support and fluid management. Option B delays critical respiratory intervention.
Q2.
A nursing student is developing a care plan for a patient with type 2 diabetes who has a nonhealing foot
ulcer. The student identifies the nursing diagnosis as 'Impaired Skin Integrity related to peripheral neuropathy
and poor circulation.'
A. The student should establish measurable outcomes such as wound size reduction, absence of
infection signs, and patient demonstration of proper foot care within a specified timeframe.
B. The student should list the medical diagnosis of diabetes mellitus as the primary nursing diagnosis
since it is the root cause of the foot ulcer.
C. The student should focus outcomes exclusively on blood glucose control since glycemic
management alone will heal the wound.
D. Nursing diagnoses are not necessary for patients with medical conditions that already have
established treatment protocols.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
Nursing diagnoses guide patient-specific outcomes and interventions. Option B confuses medical diagnosis with nursing
diagnosis.
,Exam 2: NSG3100 / NSG 3100 (Latest 2026/2027 Update) Fundamental Concepts & Skills for Nur...
Q3.
During morning rounds, a nurse notices that a postoperative patient's urine output has dropped from 60
mL/hr to 15 mL/hr over the past 4 hours. The patient's blood pressure is 88/52 mmHg and heart rate is 118
bpm.
A. The nurse should recognize these findings as indicators of hypovolemic shock, initiate fluid
resuscitation per protocol, and immediately notify the provider.
B. The nurse should encourage the patient to drink more oral fluids since decreased urine output is
commonly caused by mild dehydration after surgery.
C. The nurse should document the findings and recheck vital signs in 2 hours since postoperative
patients often have transient hypotension.
D. The nurse should administer a diuretic to increase urine output and resolve the patient's fluid
retention.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
Oliguria with hypotension and tachycardia indicates hypovolemic shock. Option B underestimates the severity by
suggesting oral fluids alone.
Q4.
A nurse is prioritizing care for four patients at the beginning of the shift. Patient A has a new onset of chest
pain rated 9/10. Patient B needs a scheduled wound dressing change. Patient C is requesting a PRN
laxative. Patient D needs discharge teaching.
A. The nurse should assess Patient A first because new onset chest pain is a life-threatening condition
that requires immediate evaluation and intervention.
B. The nurse should complete the discharge teaching for Patient D first since the patient is waiting to
leave and delaying discharge affects bed availability.
C. The nurse should address Patient C first because patient comfort and satisfaction are the highest
priorities in nursing care.
D. The nurse should perform the wound dressing for Patient B first because scheduled tasks take
priority over unscheduled assessments.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
Triage prioritization places life-threatening conditions first. Chest pain may indicate myocardial infarction requiring
immediate assessment.
, Exam 2: NSG3100 / NSG 3100 (Latest 2026/2027 Update) Fundamental Concepts & Skills for Nur...
Q5.
A nurse is using the SBAR format to communicate with a physician about a patient whose condition has
deteriorated. The nurse states the patient's current vital signs, recent lab values, and specific changes from
baseline.
A. The nurse is providing a structured, concise handoff that includes Situation, Background,
Assessment, and Recommendation, which improves communication clarity and reduces medical
errors.
B. The nurse is providing too much information and should simply state that the patient looks worse
and needs to be seen.
C. SBAR communication is only used between nurses during shift change and should not be used
when speaking with physicians.
D. The nurse should avoid mentioning lab values because physicians already have access to the
electronic health record.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
SBAR standardizes communication between healthcare providers. Option B undermines the purpose of structured
communication.
Q6.
A patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease tells the nurse, 'I know I should quit smoking, but every
time I try, I start again within a week.' The nurse responds, 'It sounds like quitting has been really difficult for
you despite your efforts.'
A. The nurse is using the therapeutic communication technique of reflection, which validates the
patient's experience and encourages further discussion about barriers to smoking cessation.
B. The nurse is giving advice by telling the patient they must try harder to quit smoking for their health.
C. The nurse is using false reassurance by implying that quitting smoking is not really necessary.
D. The nurse is changing the subject to avoid discussing the patient's smoking habit.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
Reflection restates the patient's message to show understanding. Option B mischaracterizes this as advice-giving.
OBJECTIVE ASSESSMENT - EXAM
Exam 2: NSG3100 / NSG 3100 (Latest
2026/2027 Update) Fundamental
Concepts & Skills for Nursing Practice
I | Questions and Verified Answers |
100% Correct | Grade A - Galen
2026/2027
QUESTIONS: 75 VERIFIED ANSWERS: 75 EDITION: 2026/2027 EditionPASSING: 8
TOPICS COVERED
• Nursing Process & Clinical Judgment • Asepsis & Sterile Technique
• Care Planning & Goal Setting • Isolation Precautions & PPE
• Prioritization & Delegation • Patient Safety & Fall Prevention
• Therapeutic Communication • Medication Administration Rights
• Health Assessment & Vital Signs • Dosage Calculations & Conversions
• Physical Examination Techniques • Pharmacology & Drug Interactions
• Neurological & Pain Assessment • Wound Care & Pressure Injuries
• Infection Control & Standard Precautions • Nutrition, Elimination & Mobility
COVER PAGE - 1
,Section 1: Nursing Process, Critical Thinking & Clinical Judgment
Q1.
A nurse is caring for a patient admitted with exacerbation of heart failure. During the initial assessment, the
nurse notes bilateral crackles, 3+ pitting edema in the lower extremities, and the patient reports waking up
breathless at night.
A. The nurse should prioritize the patient's impaired gas exchange and fluid volume excess, initiating
interventions to improve oxygenation and reduce preload while notifying the provider.
B. The nurse should focus solely on the edema by elevating the legs and applying compression
stockings before addressing the respiratory symptoms.
C. The nurse should document the findings and wait for the next shift to implement any interventions
since heart failure is a chronic condition.
D. The nurse should administer a sedative to help the patient sleep through the night without waking up
breathless.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
Heart failure exacerbation with crackles and orthopnea indicates acute pulmonary edema requiring immediate
oxygenation support and fluid management. Option B delays critical respiratory intervention.
Q2.
A nursing student is developing a care plan for a patient with type 2 diabetes who has a nonhealing foot
ulcer. The student identifies the nursing diagnosis as 'Impaired Skin Integrity related to peripheral neuropathy
and poor circulation.'
A. The student should establish measurable outcomes such as wound size reduction, absence of
infection signs, and patient demonstration of proper foot care within a specified timeframe.
B. The student should list the medical diagnosis of diabetes mellitus as the primary nursing diagnosis
since it is the root cause of the foot ulcer.
C. The student should focus outcomes exclusively on blood glucose control since glycemic
management alone will heal the wound.
D. Nursing diagnoses are not necessary for patients with medical conditions that already have
established treatment protocols.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
Nursing diagnoses guide patient-specific outcomes and interventions. Option B confuses medical diagnosis with nursing
diagnosis.
,Exam 2: NSG3100 / NSG 3100 (Latest 2026/2027 Update) Fundamental Concepts & Skills for Nur...
Q3.
During morning rounds, a nurse notices that a postoperative patient's urine output has dropped from 60
mL/hr to 15 mL/hr over the past 4 hours. The patient's blood pressure is 88/52 mmHg and heart rate is 118
bpm.
A. The nurse should recognize these findings as indicators of hypovolemic shock, initiate fluid
resuscitation per protocol, and immediately notify the provider.
B. The nurse should encourage the patient to drink more oral fluids since decreased urine output is
commonly caused by mild dehydration after surgery.
C. The nurse should document the findings and recheck vital signs in 2 hours since postoperative
patients often have transient hypotension.
D. The nurse should administer a diuretic to increase urine output and resolve the patient's fluid
retention.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
Oliguria with hypotension and tachycardia indicates hypovolemic shock. Option B underestimates the severity by
suggesting oral fluids alone.
Q4.
A nurse is prioritizing care for four patients at the beginning of the shift. Patient A has a new onset of chest
pain rated 9/10. Patient B needs a scheduled wound dressing change. Patient C is requesting a PRN
laxative. Patient D needs discharge teaching.
A. The nurse should assess Patient A first because new onset chest pain is a life-threatening condition
that requires immediate evaluation and intervention.
B. The nurse should complete the discharge teaching for Patient D first since the patient is waiting to
leave and delaying discharge affects bed availability.
C. The nurse should address Patient C first because patient comfort and satisfaction are the highest
priorities in nursing care.
D. The nurse should perform the wound dressing for Patient B first because scheduled tasks take
priority over unscheduled assessments.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
Triage prioritization places life-threatening conditions first. Chest pain may indicate myocardial infarction requiring
immediate assessment.
, Exam 2: NSG3100 / NSG 3100 (Latest 2026/2027 Update) Fundamental Concepts & Skills for Nur...
Q5.
A nurse is using the SBAR format to communicate with a physician about a patient whose condition has
deteriorated. The nurse states the patient's current vital signs, recent lab values, and specific changes from
baseline.
A. The nurse is providing a structured, concise handoff that includes Situation, Background,
Assessment, and Recommendation, which improves communication clarity and reduces medical
errors.
B. The nurse is providing too much information and should simply state that the patient looks worse
and needs to be seen.
C. SBAR communication is only used between nurses during shift change and should not be used
when speaking with physicians.
D. The nurse should avoid mentioning lab values because physicians already have access to the
electronic health record.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
SBAR standardizes communication between healthcare providers. Option B undermines the purpose of structured
communication.
Q6.
A patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease tells the nurse, 'I know I should quit smoking, but every
time I try, I start again within a week.' The nurse responds, 'It sounds like quitting has been really difficult for
you despite your efforts.'
A. The nurse is using the therapeutic communication technique of reflection, which validates the
patient's experience and encourages further discussion about barriers to smoking cessation.
B. The nurse is giving advice by telling the patient they must try harder to quit smoking for their health.
C. The nurse is using false reassurance by implying that quitting smoking is not really necessary.
D. The nurse is changing the subject to avoid discussing the patient's smoking habit.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
Reflection restates the patient's message to show understanding. Option B mischaracterizes this as advice-giving.
