Exam 1: NU110 / NU 110 (Latest 2026 / 2027) Integrated Human Sciences | 100% Correct Questions & Answers - Galen

Exam 1: NU110 / NU 110 (Latest 2026 / 2027) Integrated Human Sciences | 100% Correct Questions & Answers - Galen Question: Fibrinogen is necessary for Answer blood clotting Question: Which of the following is inferior to the lumbar region? Answer Gluteal Question: The sagittal plane Answer divides the body into right and left halves Question: A solution with a pH of 7 Answer -is more acidic then blood. - is considered neutral Question: A covalent bond Answer involves sharing of electrons by the outer shells of the atoms. Question: Which of the following is true of naturally acquired active immunity? Answer A child develops measles and acquires immunity. Question: The lymph vessels Answer contain one-way valves that direct lymph toward their drainage site. Question: An example of a colloidal suspension is Answer blood because it contains suspended plasma proteins. Question: Which of the following is most associated with the ribosome? Answer Protein synthesis Question: Oxygen moves from the lungs (high concentration) into the blood (low concentration) in response to Answer diffusion Question: What is the name of the process in which an intracellular protein-containing vesicle fuses with the cell membrane and expels the protein to the outside of the cell? Answer Exocytosis Question: What is the transport mechanism in this description: A passive process that uses a pressure difference as its driving force? Answer Filtration Question: Removal of H+ from the blood Answer increases blood pH. Question: If it is necessary to remove the spleen surgically, the patient may expect to Answer be more prone to infection. Question: The lungs are located in the Answer Ventral cavity Question: Lymph is Answer formed when interstitial fluid is absorbed by lymphatic capillaries Question: The plasma cells Answer secrete antibodies Question: Which of the following is true about nonspecific immunity? Answer It includes processes such as inflammation, phagocytosis, and fever Question: Which of the following is least associated with tonsils? Answer Hemostasis Question: Which type of membrane lines the body cavities that open to the exterior of the body? Answer Mucous membrane Question: Which of the following is fat- storing connective tissue? Answer Adipose Question: Which of the following membranes forms the lining of the pleural cavity? Answer Parietal pleura Which of the following is descriptive of the peritoneum? Answer Serous membrane Memory cells Answer are responsible for a quicker response time to an antigen and immunity Which of the following describes the effects of phagocytosis? Ingestion and destruction of pathogens and other foreign substances Which of the following is true of the platelet? is derived from the megakaryocyte Erythropoietin is secreted when blood levels of oxygen decline Which of the following best describes albumin? Water balance, plasma protein In what way is the neutrophil similar to the monocyte? Both are phagocytic Identify the following: vascular spasm, platelet plug, coagulation. Hemostasis Triglycerides contain three fatty acid chains and glycerol. Which of the following occurs first? A. Reading the mRNA code by tRNA B. mRNA leaving the nucleus through the nuclear pores C. Transcription D. Translation C. Transcription Lipids are needed by the body Lipids are necessary for all of these. Which of the following is common to the ribosomes, rough ER, and Golgi apparatus? Protein synthesis The cell membrane All of these are true 1.) determines what substances enter and leave the cell. 2.) is made of a lipid bilayer. 3.) contains proteins that function as structural support, recognition, and channels for flow of dissolved substances Telophase: complete the splitting of a single cell into two identical cells A patient complains of left hypochondriac pain that radiates to the mediastinum. Which of the following best describes the pain? Upper abdominal pain on the left side that radiates to the sternal region The proximal humerus (upper arm bone) is closer to the axillary area than to the elbow. Which of the following are most associated with plasma cells and antibodies? B cells Which group is incorrect? Chemical barriers: tears, saliva, stomach acid, B cells, T cells Which of the following T cells do not participate in the destruction of the pathogen but allow for a more rapid response if the antigen is presented at a later time? Memory T cells Which of the following describes the effects of phagocytosis? ingestion and destruction of pathogens and other foreign substances Which of the following is not a step in T-cell activation? Production of antibody-secreting plasma cells Meninges All of the above 1.) are connective tissue membranes. 2.) cover the brain and spinal cord. 3.) are located in cranial and vertebral cavities. Which of the following is least descriptive of epithelial tissue? Glial The pleura, pericardium, and peritoneum are serous membranes Endocrine and exocrine glands are ___ tissue. Epithelial Which of the following is descriptive of the peritoneum? All of the above 1.) Serous membrane 2.) Abdominal cavity 3.) Parietal and visceral layer What structure is concerned with the processing and maturation of T-lymphocytes? Thymus gland What is Teds and the primary purpose? -acronym for Thrombo Embolic Deterrent -TEDs are tight, thick, elastic stockings that go on the legs and are used as a preventative measure to reduce the occurrence of emboli/blood clots in the legs. What is the primary purpose of SCD? What is the benefit of their use? -sequential compression devices -SCD's are used in critical care units. -Most patients on bed-rest, are prescribed SCD's unless they are contradicted SCD's work by compressing the muscles in the leg and helping the venous blood get back to the heart by mechanically squeezing the leg. They compress and relax at prescribed settings. They also help stimulate the body's own clot dissolving mechanisms. For this reason, SCD's have also been used on upper extremities as well as lower extremities in some situations. SCD's can be knee-high or calf length and the choice of which one to use depends on physicain preference. Each facility ( and manufacturer) has protocols on the use of SCD's. In our ICU we remove the SCD's for at least 15 minutes twice a day. How does a nurse exhibit caring to- Patients & Family Providing presence, touch, listening, knowing the pt, spiritual caring, relieving pain & suffering. Family care: Family is important resource! Beign relationship by learning who makes up the pt's family & what their roles are in the pt's life. What is meant by family? a set of relationships that the Pt identifies as family or as a network of individuals who influence one another's lives, whether or not there are actual biological or legal ties. " family can be defined as biological, leagal, social network w/ personally constructed ties & ideologies." Family Forms Nuclear Extended Single Parent Blended Alternative How to Tx the family as a Pt.? Family process & relationships, patterns, process that are consistant with maintaining family & indivdual health. How to Tx the Pt as a context? Focus on the health & development of an individual memeber exsisting within a specific enviroment. (pt family) How to Tx the Pt as a system? Using all available enviromental, social, psychological and community resources. What are TEDS Thrombo-embolic disease Stockings, brand name of antiembolism elastic stockings What are SCDs? Sequential Compression Devices How do you work with Pts. with weakness on one-side? By having them use their dominate side first for their maxium strength Physical changes in infants birth wt dbls @ 5mos, triples @ 12 mos. grows 1in during each of the 1st 6mos, and then 1/2 in each month until 12 mos. Vision/hearing cont to develops, visual/auditory linking, body function stablize/ feeding, sleeping, elemination. Startle reflex,grasping,rooting, sucking disappear after several mos, 4 mos have no head lag Physical changes in toddlers grows 2.5 in per yr, 5-7 lbs per yr/ motor skills allows self care. navigate stairs, running, jumping standing, kicking ball. Fine motor skills allow scribbling, drawing circles, crosses, stick people, stack tower of blocks, hold crayons w/ fingers, can do verticle/horizontal strokes. drink from cup w/o spilling, turn pages of book/doorknobs Physical changes in preschoolers Gain 5 lb per yr, 2 1/2 -3 in per yr, elongation of legs, toilet trained, fine/lrg muscle coordination improves, skip, jump rope, . fine muscle skills/eye-hand coordination, copy crosses, /squares/triangles/diamonds physical changes in school-age children growth rate slow/consistant, appears slimmer grows 2in per yr,wt increases 4-7 lb per yr., more graceful, lrg muscle coordination/fine motor skills improves, posture is more erect, eye shape alters becasue of skeletal change/which changes visiual acuity By 6 hold pencil,print letters/words By 12 able to make detailed drawings/write sentences in script. Physical changes in adolescents skeletal & muscle growth puberty, Shoulder/hip width, distribution of fat/muscle, development of reproductive system 2ndry sex characteristics. Physical changes in young adults growth ceases by 20.Tend to ignore physical sysmptoms Physical changes in middle adults 40-65 y/o graying of hair, wrinkles, thickening of the waist.Decreases in hearing/vision, menopause in women/climactic in men Physical changes in Older adults Body goes to hell in a hand-basket! facial wrinkles, gray hair, loss of body mass in arms increased body mass in trunk. skin looses elasticity, spots/lesions/pre/malignant loss of subcutaneous fat, facial features appear asymentricalloss of teeth vocal/vision/hearing/salivary changes respritory muscle/mobility of ribs decrease more prone to pnumonia,decreased cardiac output, anxiety, irregular b/p, sensitivity to tempatures, decreased bone mass, alterations in gastrointestinal tract, hormone levels altered, changes in prostate , prone to UTIs, stress incontinence, osteoporosis, reflexes are slower, sleep distrubances Atelectasis Collaps of the alveoli, preventing the noramla respriration exchange of oxygen & carbon dioxide. Biophysical development how our physical bodies grow and change Cognitive development development of processes of knowing, including imagining, perceiving, reasoning, and problem solving Body mechanics Coordinated efforts of the muscloskeletal & nervous systems to maintain proper balance, posture & body alignment Ergonomics The science of designing the workplace as well as its equipment and tools to make specific body movements more comfortable, efficient and safe. Health Health: Dynamic state in which individuals adapt to their internal /extrenal enviroments so there is a state of physical, emotional, intellectual, social & spiritual well-being Illness (1) Abnormal process in which any aspect of a person's functioning is diminished or impaired compared with his/her previous condition.(2) The personal, interpersonal and cultural reaction to disease. Postural hypotension Change in the blood pressure with different positions. Psychosocial development Development of individuals' interactions and understanding of each other and of their knowledge and understanding of themselves as members of society Range of Motion range of movement of a joint from maxium extension to maxium flexion as measured in degrees of a circle Fire safety & how to respond acronym R resuce A alarm C contain E evacuate Seizures, what do you do? Keep Pt safe #1 thing! move object out of their way that may cause harm, if standing help pt to floor. Support head w/ soft cushion, place in recovery position. Restraint use- Why, monitoring, when to remove? When out of options and when there is a written order. If there is not one call Dr. to explain and get order for placement. Monitor every 15 mins for CMS, offer breaks every 30 mins. Remove. after 2 hrs... Side rail use Keep rails down to keep Pt safe. Never put all 4 up. 2 rails are okay. Just as long as Pt is able to get out of bed w/o any issues. Sharps disposal Every room should have sharp container; NEVER recap; #1 injury to nurses Freud developmental focus Psychosexual Erickson developmental focus Psychosocial Piaget developmental focus Cognitive Kholburg developmental development Moral Family durability Intrafamilia system of support & structure that extends beyond the walls of the household Family resiliency ability of the family to cope w/ expected & unexpected stresses. Families ability to adapt to role & structural changes, developmental milestones & crisis shows resiliency Family diversity Uniqueness of each family unit/ The variety of ways that families are structured and function to meet the needs of those defined as family members