NU 136 / NU136 Exam 4 – Fundamentals of Nursing
Review (Latest 2026/2027 Update) | Galen | Complete
Study Guide | Verified Questions & Answers | 100%
Correct Solutions | Grade A
More then half of the body's weight is composed of?
Water
The Adult Male contains how much water?
60%
The adult female contains how much water?
50%
Water is critical for maintaining?
Homeostasis
Functions of water?
Transports, heat regulation, hydrogen (H+) balance, helps with enzymatic action for digestion
Who is more likely to experience dehydration?
Infants and elderly
,What may occur is fluid volume overload occurs?
hypervolemia ( excessive blood volume )
What may occur is fluid volume deficit occurs?
Hypovolemia
Define electrolytes
Minerals or alt that are dissolved in body fluid
How are electrolytes measured?
milliequivalents per liter (mEq/L)
What do electrolytes do once in a solution?
Break into particles known as ions
If ions develop a positive charge what are they known as?
Cations
If ions develop a negative charge, what are they known as?
Anions
,What is the major source of electrolytes?
one's diet
What is the range for sodium (Na+) & its functions?
135-145 mEq/L.
It is the major cation of extracellular fluid
Its role is water regulation & balance
What is the normal range for potassium (K+) & its function?
3.5-5.0 mEq/L
It is the major intracelluar cation
It's role is nerve transmission & muscle contraction
Helps maintain plasma, normal heart rhythm, & acid base balance
What is the normal range for calcium (Ca2+) & its function?
8.4-10.6 mg/dL
It helps with formation of bone and teeth
Needed for blood coagulation
Also essential for nerve and muscle activity
What is the normal range for magnesium ( Mg2+) and its function?
1.3-2.1 mg/dL
, Nerve impulse transmission, muscle contraction
Plays role in metabolic reactions, Acts as a cofactor to cellular enzymes
What is the normal range for phosphate and its function?
3.0-4.5 mg/dL
Formation of ATP
Activates B-complex vitamins
What is the normal range for chloride ( Cl )
96-106 mEq/L
Helps maintain acid-base balance
Formation of hydrochloric acid
Aids in maintaining plasma electroneutrality
What is the normal range and function of bicarbonate( HCO3)
22-26 mEq/L
Helps regulate acid-base balance
What are some non-electrolytes?
Proteins, glucose, and fatty acids
Review (Latest 2026/2027 Update) | Galen | Complete
Study Guide | Verified Questions & Answers | 100%
Correct Solutions | Grade A
More then half of the body's weight is composed of?
Water
The Adult Male contains how much water?
60%
The adult female contains how much water?
50%
Water is critical for maintaining?
Homeostasis
Functions of water?
Transports, heat regulation, hydrogen (H+) balance, helps with enzymatic action for digestion
Who is more likely to experience dehydration?
Infants and elderly
,What may occur is fluid volume overload occurs?
hypervolemia ( excessive blood volume )
What may occur is fluid volume deficit occurs?
Hypovolemia
Define electrolytes
Minerals or alt that are dissolved in body fluid
How are electrolytes measured?
milliequivalents per liter (mEq/L)
What do electrolytes do once in a solution?
Break into particles known as ions
If ions develop a positive charge what are they known as?
Cations
If ions develop a negative charge, what are they known as?
Anions
,What is the major source of electrolytes?
one's diet
What is the range for sodium (Na+) & its functions?
135-145 mEq/L.
It is the major cation of extracellular fluid
Its role is water regulation & balance
What is the normal range for potassium (K+) & its function?
3.5-5.0 mEq/L
It is the major intracelluar cation
It's role is nerve transmission & muscle contraction
Helps maintain plasma, normal heart rhythm, & acid base balance
What is the normal range for calcium (Ca2+) & its function?
8.4-10.6 mg/dL
It helps with formation of bone and teeth
Needed for blood coagulation
Also essential for nerve and muscle activity
What is the normal range for magnesium ( Mg2+) and its function?
1.3-2.1 mg/dL
, Nerve impulse transmission, muscle contraction
Plays role in metabolic reactions, Acts as a cofactor to cellular enzymes
What is the normal range for phosphate and its function?
3.0-4.5 mg/dL
Formation of ATP
Activates B-complex vitamins
What is the normal range for chloride ( Cl )
96-106 mEq/L
Helps maintain acid-base balance
Formation of hydrochloric acid
Aids in maintaining plasma electroneutrality
What is the normal range and function of bicarbonate( HCO3)
22-26 mEq/L
Helps regulate acid-base balance
What are some non-electrolytes?
Proteins, glucose, and fatty acids
