AP BiologyPractice Exam
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Rationales 2025/2026
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1. Which macromolecule stores genetic information?
A. Carbohydrates
B. Lipids
C. Proteins
D. Nucleic acids
Answer: D
Rationale: Nucleic acids (DNA and RNA) store and transmit
genetic information.
2. The primary function of enzymes is to:
A. Increase activation energy
B. Decrease activation energy
,C. Stop reactions
D. Change equilibrium
Answer: B
Rationale: Enzymes lower activation energy, speeding up
reactions.
3. Which organelle is responsible for ATP production?
A. Ribosome
B. Nucleus
C. Mitochondrion
D. Golgi apparatus
Answer: C
Rationale: Mitochondria generate ATP through cellular
respiration.
4. What is the monomer of proteins?
A. Nucleotide
B. Fatty acid
C. Amino acid
D. Glucose
Answer: C
Rationale: Proteins are made of amino acid monomers.
5. Which process moves water across a membrane?
A. Diffusion
B. Osmosis
C. Active transport
,D. Endocytosis
Answer: B
Rationale: Osmosis is the diffusion of water across a
semipermeable membrane.
6. The fluid mosaic model describes:
A. DNA structure
B. Cell membrane structure
C. Enzyme activity
D. Protein synthesis
Answer: B
Rationale: It explains membrane flexibility with embedded
proteins.
7. Which molecule is nonpolar?
A. Water
B. Glucose
C. Oxygen
D. Amino acid
Answer: C
Rationale: Oxygen (O₂) is nonpolar and diffuses easily across
membranes.
8. The pH scale measures:
A. Temperature
B. Acidity/alkalinity
C. Pressure
, D. Volume
Answer: B
Rationale: pH indicates hydrogen ion concentration.
9. Which bond forms between amino acids?
A. Hydrogen bond
B. Ionic bond
C. Peptide bond
D. Covalent bond
Answer: C
Rationale: Peptide bonds link amino acids in proteins.
10. Which level of protein structure is determined by R-group
interactions?
A. Primary
B. Secondary
C. Tertiary
D. Quaternary
Answer: C
Rationale: Tertiary structure depends on side chain
interactions.
11. Which organelle modifies and packages proteins?
A. ER
B. Golgi apparatus
C. Lysosome
D. Vacuole
Questions And Correct
Answers (Verified
Answers) Plus
Rationales 2025/2026
Q&A | Instant
Download Pdf
1. Which macromolecule stores genetic information?
A. Carbohydrates
B. Lipids
C. Proteins
D. Nucleic acids
Answer: D
Rationale: Nucleic acids (DNA and RNA) store and transmit
genetic information.
2. The primary function of enzymes is to:
A. Increase activation energy
B. Decrease activation energy
,C. Stop reactions
D. Change equilibrium
Answer: B
Rationale: Enzymes lower activation energy, speeding up
reactions.
3. Which organelle is responsible for ATP production?
A. Ribosome
B. Nucleus
C. Mitochondrion
D. Golgi apparatus
Answer: C
Rationale: Mitochondria generate ATP through cellular
respiration.
4. What is the monomer of proteins?
A. Nucleotide
B. Fatty acid
C. Amino acid
D. Glucose
Answer: C
Rationale: Proteins are made of amino acid monomers.
5. Which process moves water across a membrane?
A. Diffusion
B. Osmosis
C. Active transport
,D. Endocytosis
Answer: B
Rationale: Osmosis is the diffusion of water across a
semipermeable membrane.
6. The fluid mosaic model describes:
A. DNA structure
B. Cell membrane structure
C. Enzyme activity
D. Protein synthesis
Answer: B
Rationale: It explains membrane flexibility with embedded
proteins.
7. Which molecule is nonpolar?
A. Water
B. Glucose
C. Oxygen
D. Amino acid
Answer: C
Rationale: Oxygen (O₂) is nonpolar and diffuses easily across
membranes.
8. The pH scale measures:
A. Temperature
B. Acidity/alkalinity
C. Pressure
, D. Volume
Answer: B
Rationale: pH indicates hydrogen ion concentration.
9. Which bond forms between amino acids?
A. Hydrogen bond
B. Ionic bond
C. Peptide bond
D. Covalent bond
Answer: C
Rationale: Peptide bonds link amino acids in proteins.
10. Which level of protein structure is determined by R-group
interactions?
A. Primary
B. Secondary
C. Tertiary
D. Quaternary
Answer: C
Rationale: Tertiary structure depends on side chain
interactions.
11. Which organelle modifies and packages proteins?
A. ER
B. Golgi apparatus
C. Lysosome
D. Vacuole
