Semmelweis Entrance Exam Medicine Biology
Newest Version (2026) Ultimate Questions and
100% Correct Answers (A+)
‣ What are carbohydrates and lipids? -✓✓Organic compounds that are mostly
composed of three types of atom; carbon, hydrogen and oxygen
‣ What do carbohydrates do? -✓✓provide energy, in the form of sugars like
glucose and fructose, but they also make up structures like cellulose, which form
the cell wall of plant cells
‣ What type of carbohydrate is the most important source of energy? -✓✓mono-,
di- and poly-saccharides
‣ What are mono and disaccharides? -✓✓polar and soluble in water
‣ What are polysaccharides? -✓✓Macromolecules resulting from polymerisation
(condensation) of sugars and are not soluble in water
‣ Examples of monosaccharides -✓✓ribose, glucose, fructose, galactose
‣ What forms a disaccharide? -✓✓two monosaccharides linked together by
condensation reactions with glycosidic bonds releasing one H2O molecule
‣ Examples of Polysaccharides -✓✓cellulose, glycogen and starch
‣ Monomer of Sucrose -✓✓glucose and fructose
‣ monomer of maltose -✓✓glucose and glucose
‣ monomer of lactose -✓✓glucose and galactose
‣ monomer of starch -✓✓glucose
‣ monomer of glycogen -✓✓glucose
, ‣ monomer of cellulose -✓✓glucose
‣ In animals, what carbohydrate stores energy? -✓✓glycogen
‣ What jobs do carbohydrates have other than storing energy? -✓✓structural
components
‣ What differs the polysaccharides all made up of glucose? -✓✓they differ in the
arrangement of glucose molecules and position of the glycosidic bonds
‣ Starch arrangement -✓✓amylopectin branched, amylose linear
‣ What is galactose? -✓✓a sugar in milk
‣ What is fructose? -✓✓a sugar found in fruit and honey
‣ Main characteristic of lipids? -✓✓little to no affinity to water, mostly
hydrophobic
‣ What are the simple forms of lipids? -✓✓fat, oil and wax
‣ What are lipids characteristics in different solvents? -✓✓they are non-polar and
insoluble in water, but soluble in organic solvents
‣ What are triglycerides? -✓✓the main group of lipids. They are formed by
condensation reactions between one glycerol and three fatty acids, creating ester
bonds
‣ What are the main types of triglycerides? -✓✓fats and oils. Fats are solid and oil
liquid at room temp
‣ What are fatty acids? -✓✓carboxylic acids, possessing a -COOH functional
group
‣ What are the two basic forms of fatty acids? -✓✓saturated and unsaturated
Newest Version (2026) Ultimate Questions and
100% Correct Answers (A+)
‣ What are carbohydrates and lipids? -✓✓Organic compounds that are mostly
composed of three types of atom; carbon, hydrogen and oxygen
‣ What do carbohydrates do? -✓✓provide energy, in the form of sugars like
glucose and fructose, but they also make up structures like cellulose, which form
the cell wall of plant cells
‣ What type of carbohydrate is the most important source of energy? -✓✓mono-,
di- and poly-saccharides
‣ What are mono and disaccharides? -✓✓polar and soluble in water
‣ What are polysaccharides? -✓✓Macromolecules resulting from polymerisation
(condensation) of sugars and are not soluble in water
‣ Examples of monosaccharides -✓✓ribose, glucose, fructose, galactose
‣ What forms a disaccharide? -✓✓two monosaccharides linked together by
condensation reactions with glycosidic bonds releasing one H2O molecule
‣ Examples of Polysaccharides -✓✓cellulose, glycogen and starch
‣ Monomer of Sucrose -✓✓glucose and fructose
‣ monomer of maltose -✓✓glucose and glucose
‣ monomer of lactose -✓✓glucose and galactose
‣ monomer of starch -✓✓glucose
‣ monomer of glycogen -✓✓glucose
, ‣ monomer of cellulose -✓✓glucose
‣ In animals, what carbohydrate stores energy? -✓✓glycogen
‣ What jobs do carbohydrates have other than storing energy? -✓✓structural
components
‣ What differs the polysaccharides all made up of glucose? -✓✓they differ in the
arrangement of glucose molecules and position of the glycosidic bonds
‣ Starch arrangement -✓✓amylopectin branched, amylose linear
‣ What is galactose? -✓✓a sugar in milk
‣ What is fructose? -✓✓a sugar found in fruit and honey
‣ Main characteristic of lipids? -✓✓little to no affinity to water, mostly
hydrophobic
‣ What are the simple forms of lipids? -✓✓fat, oil and wax
‣ What are lipids characteristics in different solvents? -✓✓they are non-polar and
insoluble in water, but soluble in organic solvents
‣ What are triglycerides? -✓✓the main group of lipids. They are formed by
condensation reactions between one glycerol and three fatty acids, creating ester
bonds
‣ What are the main types of triglycerides? -✓✓fats and oils. Fats are solid and oil
liquid at room temp
‣ What are fatty acids? -✓✓carboxylic acids, possessing a -COOH functional
group
‣ What are the two basic forms of fatty acids? -✓✓saturated and unsaturated
