Zoology 10th Edition Miller Test Bank

Cells, Tissues, Organs, and Organ Systems of Animals 1. Water molecules move through selectively permeable membranes from areas of high concentration of water to areas of lower concentration by A. simple diffusion. B. endocytosis. C. osmosis. D. facilitated diffusion. E. hydrostatic infusion. 2. When molecules bind temporarily with a carrier protein in a cell's membrane and move across the membrane from areas of higher concentration to areas of lower concentration this is known as A. simple diffusion. B. endocytosis. C. receptor- mediated osmosis. D. active transport. E. facilitated diffusion. 3. The form of transport involved when blood pressure forces water and small dissolved molecules into kidney tubules is A. osmosis. B. simple diffusion. C. complex diffusion. D. filtration. E. facilitated diffusion. 4. Cells placed in this type of solution will shrivel. A. isotonic B. water C. hypertonic D. hypotonic E. metatonic 5. Active transport A. can only move molecules from higher to lower concentrations. B. uses cellular energy to move molecules from lower to higher concentrations. C. moves molecules through protein channels by binding them to large lipid molecules. D. can only move protein molecules. E. can only move carbohydrate molecules. 6. This carrier protein transports two molecules or ions in opposite directions. A. Uniporter B. Symporter C. Antiporter D. Cotransporter E. Proporter 7. Small hydrophilic molecules such as ____________ are sometimes able to enter a cell through an aquaporin. A. glycerol B. cholesterol C. glucose D. beta carotene E. vitamin D 8. When a plasma membrane encloses small fluid droplets and takes them into the cell, a form of transport known as __________ occurs. A. active diffusion B. receptor- mediated exocytosis C. pinocytosis D. facilitated diffusion E. phagocytosis 9. When cells such as white blood cells of a vertebrate engulf bacteria, the membrane transport mechanism used is A. receptor-mediated endocytosis. B. active transport. C. passive transport. D. phagocytosis. E. exocytosis. 10. Two important and well-known active transport mechanisms in nerve cells are the __________ pumps. A. sodium-phosphorus and calcium B. calcium and sulfur C. oxygen and carbon dioxide D. protein and nucleic acid E. calcium and sodium-potassium 11. The protein composing the filaments inside cilia and flagella is A. tubulin. B. actin. C. myosin. D. mucin. E. collagen. 12. Structures associated with the endoplasmic reticulum, necessary for protein synthesis are the A. desmosomes. B. ribosomes. C. peroxisomes. D. chromosomes. E. nucleosomes. 13. The organelle that is especially prominent and well-developed in secretory cells (such as glandular epithelial cells) is the A. centriole. B. phagolysosome. C. Golgi apparatus. D. mitochondrion. E. peroxisome. 14. The structures which are elongated appendages used for propelling the cell or for moving material over the cell surface are the A. cilia and flagella. B. axonemes and myonemes. C. basal bodies and centrioles. D. microtubules and microfilaments. E. axopodia and myopodia. 15. A major function of the cell nucleus is A. storing proteins. B. storing genetic information. C. packaging materials for secretion. D. packaging ATP for cellular use. E. serving as a site for protein synthesis. 16. The nuclear envelope is continuous with the __________ at a number of points. A. plasma membrane B. Golgi apparatus C. endoplasmic reticulum D. mitochondria E. cytoskeleton 17. The __________ is an organelle inside the nucleus that serves as the pre-assembly point for ribosomes. A. nucleosome B. nucleotide C. nucleoplasm D. nucleolus E. nucleoside 18. ________ are newly discovered organelles believed to aid in transport of messenger RNA into the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells. A. Vaults B. Ribosomes C. Peroxisomes D. Nucleoli E. Centrioles 19. Which of the following is not an example of an organ system? A. digestive B. lymphatic C. respiratory D. nervous E. blood 20. The type of tissue that covers or lines structures is A. epithelial tissue. B. fibrous tissue. C. adipose tissue. D. contractile tissue. E. skeletal tissue. 21. Spaces within bone or cartilage which house the living cells are called A. chondrocytes. B. lacunae. C. osteoclasts. D. intercalations. E. cristae. 22. Fibrous connective tissue in the form of __________ connects bones to bones. A. ligaments B. fascia C. tendons D. adipose tissue E. hyaline cartilage 23. Blood is considered to be a/an __________ tissue. A. epithelial B. liquid C. hyaline D. connective E. adipose 24. Heart, lungs, and liver are examples of functional units called A. tissues. B. organelles. C. systems. D. histological entities. E. organs. 25. Two organelles called __________ lie at right angles to each other near the nucleus and are involved with movement of the chromosomes during cell division. A. centrioles B. centrosomes C. centromeres D. concentricyclones E. cycloses 26. __________ transport molecules made in the nucleus to various parts of the cell. A. Centrioles B. Barrels C. Vaults D. Autosomes E. Motorists 27. There are three types of muscle tissue, yet they all share one common feature. Of the following, which describes this feature? A. The cells in muscle tissue can shorten and accomplish movement. B. Muscle tissue is attached to the skeleton of the body. C. Muscle tissue is striated. D. The cells in muscle tissue all have a centrally located nucleus. 28. The basic function of neurons is to conduct a nerve impulse. A. TRUE B. FALSE 29. Which of the following are functions of exosomes? A. Contain cell-specific payloads of proteins. B. May alter cellular functions. C. Secreted by most types of cells. D. Both A and B. E. A, B and C 30. The "Fluid Mosaic Model" is used to describe the molecular structure of the A. nucleus. B. plasma membrane. C. cytoplasm. D. mitochondria. E. ribosome 70. Which of these is NOT one of the four primary animal tissue types? A. Muscle B. Nervous C. Epithelial D. Skeletal E. Connective 71. These junctions act like "spot welds" or rivets to hold cells together under mechanical stress. A. Communication channels B. Waterproof seals C. Desmosomes D. Energy producers E. Protein synthesizers 72. Simple columnar epithelium with microvilli is most likely found in the A. skin. B. small intestine. C. lungs. D. heart. E. brain. 73. The tough, fibrous protein that makes skin waterproof and protective is A. collagen. B. elastin. C. keratin. D. myosin. E. hemoglobin. 74. The process by which a cell releases bulk amounts of materials to the outside via vesicles is A. pinocytosis. B. phagocytosis. C. exocytosis. D. osmosis. E. crenation. 75. A protein that moves two different molecules in the same direction across a membrane is a A. uniporter. B. antiporter. C. symporter. D. multiporter. E. megaporter. 76. Ribosomal subunits are synthesized and partially assembled in the A. cytoplasm. B. nucleolus. C. Golgi apparatus. D. lysosome. E. mitochondria. 77. Which organelle is thought to have originated from an ancient endosymbiotic relationship? A. Ribosome B. Golgi C. Mitochondrion D. Endoplasmic reticulum E. Vacuole 78. Heat production and locomotion are primary functions of the A. skeletal system. B. muscular system. C. endocrine system. D. digestive system. E. respiratory system. 79. If a red blood cell is placed in a hypertonic salt solution, it will undergo A. hemolysis (bursting). B. no change. C. crenation (shriveling). D. mitosis. E. evaporation. 80. Which type of junction allows ions and small molecules to pass directly from the cytoplasm of one cell to another? A. Tight junction B. Gap junction C. Desmosome D. Adhesion belt E. Hemidesmosome Answer Key 1:C, 2:E, 3:D, 4:C, 5:B, 6:C, 7:A, 8:C, 9:D, 10:E, 11:A, 12:B, 13:C, 14:A, 15:B, 16:C, 17:D, 18:A, 19:E, 20:A, 21:B, 22:A, 23:D, 24:E, 25:A, 26:C, 27:A, 28:A, 29:E, 30:B