Mosby's Canadian Nursing Drug Reference,
2nd Edition
Authors :
Linda Skidmore-Roth & Faith Richardson
NCLEX-Style Pharmacology Test Bank on
Antibiotics (Penicillins, Cephalosporins,
Macrolides, Aminoglycosides) developed in
a fast-revision, high-yield format based
strictly on Mosby’s Canadian Nursing Drug
Reference, 2nd Edition.
1.
A client reports a history of anaphylaxis to penicillin. Which
antibiotic should the nurse question?
A. Azithromycin
B. Cephalexin
,C. Erythromycin
D. Clarithromycin
Answer: B. Cephalexin
Rationale:
Cephalosporins (e.g., cephalexin) have cross-sensitivity with
penicillins, especially in clients with severe reactions like
anaphylaxis. Macrolides are safer alternatives.
Citation: Mosby’s Canadian Nursing Drug Reference
(Cephalosporins; Penicillins)
2.
Which finding should the nurse identify as a superinfection in a
client receiving antibiotics?
A. Mild nausea
B. White patches in the mouth
C. Headache
D. Decreased appetite
Answer: B. White patches in the mouth
Rationale:
White oral patches indicate oral candidiasis, a common
superinfection due to destruction of normal flora. Other options
are common side effects, not superinfection.
Citation: Mosby’s (General Antibiotics; Adverse Effects)
,3.
Before administering an aminoglycoside, which lab value is
most important?
A. Hemoglobin
B. Serum creatinine
C. Platelet count
D. Sodium
Answer: B. Serum creatinine
Rationale:
Aminoglycosides are nephrotoxic; renal function must be
assessed prior to administration. Other labs are not directly
related to toxicity risk.
Citation: Mosby’s (Aminoglycosides; Monitoring)
4.
Which instruction is most important for a client taking a
macrolide antibiotic?
A. “Take with antacids.”
B. “Finish the full course of therapy.”
C. “Stop when symptoms improve.”
D. “Double dose if missed.”
Answer: B. Finish the full course of therapy
, Rationale:
Completing therapy prevents resistance and relapse. Antacids
may reduce absorption; stopping early promotes resistance.
Citation: Mosby’s (Macrolides; Patient Teaching)
5.
A client receiving gentamicin reports tinnitus. What is the
nurse’s priority action?
A. Continue medication
B. Document finding
C. Hold drug and notify provider
D. Reassure client
Answer: C. Hold drug and notify provider
Rationale:
Tinnitus indicates ototoxicity, a serious adverse effect of
aminoglycosides requiring immediate intervention.
Citation: Mosby’s (Gentamicin; Adverse Effects)
6.
Which client is at greatest risk for nephrotoxicity from
antibiotics?
A. Young adult
B. Older adult with dehydration
2nd Edition
Authors :
Linda Skidmore-Roth & Faith Richardson
NCLEX-Style Pharmacology Test Bank on
Antibiotics (Penicillins, Cephalosporins,
Macrolides, Aminoglycosides) developed in
a fast-revision, high-yield format based
strictly on Mosby’s Canadian Nursing Drug
Reference, 2nd Edition.
1.
A client reports a history of anaphylaxis to penicillin. Which
antibiotic should the nurse question?
A. Azithromycin
B. Cephalexin
,C. Erythromycin
D. Clarithromycin
Answer: B. Cephalexin
Rationale:
Cephalosporins (e.g., cephalexin) have cross-sensitivity with
penicillins, especially in clients with severe reactions like
anaphylaxis. Macrolides are safer alternatives.
Citation: Mosby’s Canadian Nursing Drug Reference
(Cephalosporins; Penicillins)
2.
Which finding should the nurse identify as a superinfection in a
client receiving antibiotics?
A. Mild nausea
B. White patches in the mouth
C. Headache
D. Decreased appetite
Answer: B. White patches in the mouth
Rationale:
White oral patches indicate oral candidiasis, a common
superinfection due to destruction of normal flora. Other options
are common side effects, not superinfection.
Citation: Mosby’s (General Antibiotics; Adverse Effects)
,3.
Before administering an aminoglycoside, which lab value is
most important?
A. Hemoglobin
B. Serum creatinine
C. Platelet count
D. Sodium
Answer: B. Serum creatinine
Rationale:
Aminoglycosides are nephrotoxic; renal function must be
assessed prior to administration. Other labs are not directly
related to toxicity risk.
Citation: Mosby’s (Aminoglycosides; Monitoring)
4.
Which instruction is most important for a client taking a
macrolide antibiotic?
A. “Take with antacids.”
B. “Finish the full course of therapy.”
C. “Stop when symptoms improve.”
D. “Double dose if missed.”
Answer: B. Finish the full course of therapy
, Rationale:
Completing therapy prevents resistance and relapse. Antacids
may reduce absorption; stopping early promotes resistance.
Citation: Mosby’s (Macrolides; Patient Teaching)
5.
A client receiving gentamicin reports tinnitus. What is the
nurse’s priority action?
A. Continue medication
B. Document finding
C. Hold drug and notify provider
D. Reassure client
Answer: C. Hold drug and notify provider
Rationale:
Tinnitus indicates ototoxicity, a serious adverse effect of
aminoglycosides requiring immediate intervention.
Citation: Mosby’s (Gentamicin; Adverse Effects)
6.
Which client is at greatest risk for nephrotoxicity from
antibiotics?
A. Young adult
B. Older adult with dehydration
