DMS Study Guide Exam II Questions With Complete
Solutions
Between the skin and chest wall, the breast is subdivided by
fascial planes into three layers Correct Answers The
subcutaneous fat layer
The mammary (parenchymal) layer
The retromammary fat layer
Describe a node: Correct Answers oval or reniform in shape,
well symmetric hypoechoic oriented parallel to the skin, and
display a hyperechoic outer cortex and ahyperechoic fatty hilum
Every terminal ductolobular units (TDLU) is composed of:
Correct Answers lobule and its draining extralobar terminal
duct
How does fibroadenoma appears as sonographic? Correct
Answers oval, circumscribedm homogeneous solid mass that
may be gently lobulated, wider-than-tall mass is oriented
parallel to the skin it is usually isoechoid or mildly hypoechoic
compared to fat an echogenic septation may be seen traversing
the mass, norma sound transmission is common, although some
enhancement or mild shadowing is possible, color doppler often
shows some vascularity unless the mass is small
How should you document key lesions? Correct Answers 1.
with and without caliper measurements
2. Minimally, the maximal dimensions of a mass should be
recorded in at least two planes.
,3. Height-to=width rations can be calculated when assessing
benign and malignant imaging characteristics
Palpable cysts Correct Answers typically round or oval, smooth
and freely mobile, most cysts are compressible unless tense
Possible cuases of real echoes within a cystic breast mass
Correct Answers 1. cellular debris
2. cholesterol crystals
3. epithelial cells, apocrine cells (foating, papillary)
4. protein globules, foam cells, fat globules
5. blood, pus
6. fibrous intervening walls of cyst cluster
7. intramural neoplasm (rare)
Sonographic guidance is highly useful during the performance
of interventional and therapeutic breast procedure like Correct
Answers evacuation of cystic lesions, drainage of abscess
cavities, and sampling of suspicious solid masses and lymph
nodes can be observed ad confirmed
Targeted exams are more common and limited to: Correct
Answers the quadrant or region of clinical concern, such as for
a palpable mass, or to further characterize a mammographic or
MRI finding
The muscle layer are: Correct Answers pectoralis major muscle
pectoralis minor muscle
, The ultrasound of the breast is useful for examining patients
with breast Correct Answers breast trauma, inflammatory
changes, augmentation mammoplasty, or postirradiation changes
Tubular adenomas Correct Answers well-circumscribed,
isoechoic to hypoechoic, oval homogeneous breast masses with
normal to enhanced sound transmission
What a radial scans better for? Correct Answers to follow lobar
anatomy and are often best for examining major laciferous ducts
or for documenting mass location relative to the nipple
What are clustered microcysts? Correct Answers clustered
microcysts represent small cystically dilated acini within an
enlarged lobule. These are commonly associated with apocrine
metaplasia. Microcyst or macrocyst clusters with thin (<0.5mm)
septations (intervening walls) are typically benign
What are epidermal cyst? Correct Answers Sebaceous and
epidermal cysts are small, benign, skin appendage masses that
result from obstructed sebaceous glands or hair follicles and
contain sebum or keratin
What are malignant phyllodes? Correct Answers often
metastasize via the blood th the lungs, bones, and liver rather
than involving the lymph nodes, chest wall invasion is possible
What are most breast cysts are related to? Correct Answers
fibrocystic change (FCC) and develop over time from
progressive dilation of small ducts within an obstructed TDLU
Solutions
Between the skin and chest wall, the breast is subdivided by
fascial planes into three layers Correct Answers The
subcutaneous fat layer
The mammary (parenchymal) layer
The retromammary fat layer
Describe a node: Correct Answers oval or reniform in shape,
well symmetric hypoechoic oriented parallel to the skin, and
display a hyperechoic outer cortex and ahyperechoic fatty hilum
Every terminal ductolobular units (TDLU) is composed of:
Correct Answers lobule and its draining extralobar terminal
duct
How does fibroadenoma appears as sonographic? Correct
Answers oval, circumscribedm homogeneous solid mass that
may be gently lobulated, wider-than-tall mass is oriented
parallel to the skin it is usually isoechoid or mildly hypoechoic
compared to fat an echogenic septation may be seen traversing
the mass, norma sound transmission is common, although some
enhancement or mild shadowing is possible, color doppler often
shows some vascularity unless the mass is small
How should you document key lesions? Correct Answers 1.
with and without caliper measurements
2. Minimally, the maximal dimensions of a mass should be
recorded in at least two planes.
,3. Height-to=width rations can be calculated when assessing
benign and malignant imaging characteristics
Palpable cysts Correct Answers typically round or oval, smooth
and freely mobile, most cysts are compressible unless tense
Possible cuases of real echoes within a cystic breast mass
Correct Answers 1. cellular debris
2. cholesterol crystals
3. epithelial cells, apocrine cells (foating, papillary)
4. protein globules, foam cells, fat globules
5. blood, pus
6. fibrous intervening walls of cyst cluster
7. intramural neoplasm (rare)
Sonographic guidance is highly useful during the performance
of interventional and therapeutic breast procedure like Correct
Answers evacuation of cystic lesions, drainage of abscess
cavities, and sampling of suspicious solid masses and lymph
nodes can be observed ad confirmed
Targeted exams are more common and limited to: Correct
Answers the quadrant or region of clinical concern, such as for
a palpable mass, or to further characterize a mammographic or
MRI finding
The muscle layer are: Correct Answers pectoralis major muscle
pectoralis minor muscle
, The ultrasound of the breast is useful for examining patients
with breast Correct Answers breast trauma, inflammatory
changes, augmentation mammoplasty, or postirradiation changes
Tubular adenomas Correct Answers well-circumscribed,
isoechoic to hypoechoic, oval homogeneous breast masses with
normal to enhanced sound transmission
What a radial scans better for? Correct Answers to follow lobar
anatomy and are often best for examining major laciferous ducts
or for documenting mass location relative to the nipple
What are clustered microcysts? Correct Answers clustered
microcysts represent small cystically dilated acini within an
enlarged lobule. These are commonly associated with apocrine
metaplasia. Microcyst or macrocyst clusters with thin (<0.5mm)
septations (intervening walls) are typically benign
What are epidermal cyst? Correct Answers Sebaceous and
epidermal cysts are small, benign, skin appendage masses that
result from obstructed sebaceous glands or hair follicles and
contain sebum or keratin
What are malignant phyllodes? Correct Answers often
metastasize via the blood th the lungs, bones, and liver rather
than involving the lymph nodes, chest wall invasion is possible
What are most breast cysts are related to? Correct Answers
fibrocystic change (FCC) and develop over time from
progressive dilation of small ducts within an obstructed TDLU
