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Class notes BIOCHEM 5614 (BIOCHEM 5614)

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Compiled notes for Biochem 2, taken with Dr. Shimko. Questions listed to promote active learning alongside Shimko’s Practice Exam at the end! Acquired an A in the class.

Institution
Course

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acomplete
thesentence

a acylcnainsarecarriedby AKAB
acidoxidation
intat.ly oxidationcoenzymes.co


b acylcnainsarecarriedby intattyaciasyntne.is carrier
acyl proteins




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iiit.si ii it
iiai mT r ne
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r
Seventually
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synthase



fi
maionynon.catmzedbyatransacylase



a whereinmesellwouldacetyrcoacarboxylaseoccuriorfasynmesi.in general

ofanabolicactivities
inthecytosolalot
takepartinmecytoso o.Howaidacetyl
con
getintothecytosol.my're
in mitochondria
located the

loncanget.inocytosolascitrateviathecitratetransport system
acetyl




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Fincetate


f
i matatgnppb.it

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Hey
p
mitochondria cytosol




aAfter viaasetyl.comcarboxylasewhat
malonylloaismadewlnsetylcon next
happens

i 2transacylation
unoccurs mine
iii iii iii
ii iinii.fi t.fi i iiitii
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acpis
Q.Afteracetoacetyl formedwhat next
happens

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ooo
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at
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a ini i
for bond
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fi t.it µ
of
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mm mm
extended transferred
to
mceatalytic
cysteine

,asoifyouputallthestepstogether.wnatwouldfat.ly
Acid like
look
synthesis

iacetyl
ioaundergoestransacetylationtobeaddedtocatalyticcystei.n t



it i.F Mmmmm
1
ioa
2malonyl undergoes tobeaddedtoAC
transacetylation




ion
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or
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4 reductionofpretogroupwinana



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for
5dehydration double
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mononaria


a.milffaipjjt
f additional
enzymeslikedesatura.es willprocessthe
no


IT nn.fi Twaip
add
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d ouble



7extendedFashaindisplacedto
catalytic
cysteine nowmecyaecanrepeatwlmaionylto.net

addedtomeacpmencnainextendedi.me maxlengtnincytosolwouldbe161




sooncef y.fi
ggspygppgggpyi
fit
synmesisconcludesathiolasewillhydrolyzeme
as.ysps p s
p
gagging
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from
chain c atalytic
cysteine


beingaadedinounsaturatedbotsietygp.iq
pipinated
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carboxulatio o.Howarelipidsdesaturated occursacarbonistostasco

are are
NADPH biomolecules
required 450 required
for enzymes
c ofactors desamrating




2H 2cytie FAD NADPH

Ilya
NADP unsTahon
cytes t.am




a onmetopicofpyso.whycanatolerancetobarbituratearna.ieadtooverdosing
the will
liver make enzyme p450
containing when e thanol to
orbarbituratesareingestedinordertobreakmem.itsomeonewere
takenlotofthosedrugsmeliverwouldmakemoreof.me
p450containingenzymesbut initial
the dose
might.be
oomuc formebraintohandlewhichcouldleadtotheperson
overdosing



doesitmean
awhat for
cellular tovary
localization across
kingdoms

meenanimaisormantsmeseroeationswinaitter

iiiiii.iniainiIiiii'iiiits is
plantsioccurs
t inperoxisomes
FAbiosynthesis inanimalswilloccurinmecytosol.but.in

plantsit
occursin
the chloroplast

, awhat
arethe
different is in
NADPH produced a nimals
ways about
what plants
animals iPentosephosphatepathwayppp
thinkin.tninidethiYeiiifah9nnarogenase
i malicenzymeincitrate
transport
system

malate
warmigituate

topowerNADPHsynthesis
used
plantslight


H2ONADP 202
NADPH 99951
gs
hlhnhYelaphpfbstem a.wnyaomese
pathways
regulation sense
make



anabundant
having amountofcystoliccitratemeansthatmecellissatiateda.es


the is
mitochondriabacked
upnot mitochondrial
using fast
citrate so.me
enough

iiverwillnowtocusonstoragesuchasfasynmes.is

xsFAwouldleadtoanegativefeedbackloopofasetyt.iocarboxylase asit
naiiiaiiiiiaaiiim.int
maonymoameansmatmecenissatiated.es

themitochondviaisnotusingciat
for
ibutratnerexportingit.thi's signals biomolecules


like
FAtonotbreakdownasmeliverdoesntneedtomakeatern li
veronly

intheliverglucagonepinephrinewanistoebloodsugar.sothdoesmis.by
activatinga mat
cascade
signaling pkavia
activates camp bindingwhichthen
theF26Bpaseefkacomplex.ptczisinactivatedwhichallows
phosphorylates

forgluconeogenesistobefavoredthis
also
meansother metabolicpathways
likefasynmesiswinbehaltedinfavorof.br breakdownexporting
omolecule

thesellcanttocusonstoringxsmaterialsinmeformof.in when
mose
resources


be by
can used starved
cellsGlycolysis favoredmake
usually a cetylirator to
would
epinephrine
hYaFzed
befold't's FAsyntgy.snYf9ulagon



liveronly




inthe
liver
insulin
signals
m atbloodsugaristoonighithatmusaecellsaresatiated.no

liver
can
theliverwillfocusongimoseuptakeistorage.misalsomean.me resources
allocate

toFAsynmesistoo.matway.escarbohydratesamino
acids be
can for term
stored long




mmmm

liveronly
aHowcanbeingd iabetic FAsynthesis
i nterrupt
inanormalpersoninsulinwould leadthe
to liver
into
switching u ptakeconservation For
mode those

arediabetic.melivercant
who toinsulinthis
respond

that
means me liver know
cannot when are
cells
already is
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i nanonconservationmode

thatiswhy inthepresenceofinsulindiabetic
even

will to
blood
high
persons continuehave as
sugar they
areusingresourcesfor
ketone orgiulose
body exporting

purposesNot storage
longterm

Written for

Institution
Course

Document information

Uploaded on
February 28, 2026
Number of pages
19
Written in
2024/2025
Type
Class notes
Professor(s)
John shimko
Contains
All classes

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