ESTUDYR
1. During an abdominal assessment, which technique should
the nurse practitioner perform FIRST?
A. Palpation
B. Percussion
C. Auscultation
D. Inspection
✅Correct Answer: D. Inspection
Rationale: Abdominal assessment follows inspection → auscultation → percussion →
palpation. Palpation before auscultation may alter bowel sounds.
2. Which cranial nerve is assessed when testing shoulder
shrug against resistance?
A. CN VII (Facial)
B. CN XI (Spinal accessory)
C. CN X (Vagus)
D. CN XII (Hypoglossal)
✅Correct Answer: B. CN XI (Spinal accessory)
Rationale: CN XI innervates the sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles.
3. A bruit is best described as:
A. A high-pitched heart sound
B. A crackling lung sound
C. A vascular sound caused by turbulent blood flow
D. A bowel sound abnormality
✅Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Bruits indicate arterial narrowing or turbulence, commonly auscultated over
carotid arteries.
,ESTUDYR
4. Which finding is considered NORMAL in an older adult?
A. Absent peripheral pulses
B. Decreased skin elasticity
C. Fixed pupils
D. New onset confusion
✅Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Aging causes decreased collagen, resulting in reduced skin turgor.
5. When assessing pupillary response, the acronym
PERRLA stands for all EXCEPT:
A. Pupils
B. Equal
C. Round
D. Reactive to sound
✅Correct Answer: D
Rationale: PERRLA = Pupils Equal, Round, Reactive to Light and Accommodation.
6. The best position to assess jugular venous distention
(JVD) is:
A. Supine
B. Sitting upright
C. Semi-Fowler’s (30–45 degrees)
D. Prone
✅Correct Answer: C
Rationale: JVD is best visualized with the patient reclined at 30–45 degrees.
7. Which heart sound is associated with ventricular filling in
children and young adults?
,ESTUDYR
A. S1
B. S2
C. S3
D. S4
✅Correct Answer: C
Rationale: S3 can be normal in young patients but abnormal in older adults (heart failure).
8. While palpating the thyroid gland, the NP asks the patient
to swallow. This maneuver helps to:
A. Detect tenderness
B. Identify nodules
C. Differentiate thyroid tissue from surrounding structures
D. Measure size
✅Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The thyroid moves upward during swallowing, aiding identification.
9. Which lung sound is described as high-pitched, musical,
and continuous?
A. Crackles
B. Rhonchi
C. Wheezes
D. Pleural rub
✅Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Wheezes are caused by airway narrowing, common in asthma.
10. Which pulse is assessed during cardiopulmonary
resuscitation (CPR) in adults?
A. Radial
B. Femoral
C. Carotid
D. Brachial
, ESTUDYR
✅Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The carotid pulse reflects central circulation.
11. Which abdominal quadrant contains the liver?
A. Left upper quadrant
B. Right lower quadrant
C. Right upper quadrant
D. Left lower quadrant
✅Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The liver primarily occupies the RUQ.
12. A positive Murphy’s sign suggests pathology of the:
A. Appendix
B. Pancreas
C. Gallbladder
D. Spleen
✅Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Pain with inspiration during RUQ palpation indicates gallbladder inflammation.
13. Which lymph nodes drain the breast and upper
extremities?
A. Cervical
B. Inguinal
C. Axillary
D. Epitrochlear
✅Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Axillary nodes drain the arms and breast tissue.
14. Which assessment finding is MOST concerning?
1. During an abdominal assessment, which technique should
the nurse practitioner perform FIRST?
A. Palpation
B. Percussion
C. Auscultation
D. Inspection
✅Correct Answer: D. Inspection
Rationale: Abdominal assessment follows inspection → auscultation → percussion →
palpation. Palpation before auscultation may alter bowel sounds.
2. Which cranial nerve is assessed when testing shoulder
shrug against resistance?
A. CN VII (Facial)
B. CN XI (Spinal accessory)
C. CN X (Vagus)
D. CN XII (Hypoglossal)
✅Correct Answer: B. CN XI (Spinal accessory)
Rationale: CN XI innervates the sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles.
3. A bruit is best described as:
A. A high-pitched heart sound
B. A crackling lung sound
C. A vascular sound caused by turbulent blood flow
D. A bowel sound abnormality
✅Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Bruits indicate arterial narrowing or turbulence, commonly auscultated over
carotid arteries.
,ESTUDYR
4. Which finding is considered NORMAL in an older adult?
A. Absent peripheral pulses
B. Decreased skin elasticity
C. Fixed pupils
D. New onset confusion
✅Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Aging causes decreased collagen, resulting in reduced skin turgor.
5. When assessing pupillary response, the acronym
PERRLA stands for all EXCEPT:
A. Pupils
B. Equal
C. Round
D. Reactive to sound
✅Correct Answer: D
Rationale: PERRLA = Pupils Equal, Round, Reactive to Light and Accommodation.
6. The best position to assess jugular venous distention
(JVD) is:
A. Supine
B. Sitting upright
C. Semi-Fowler’s (30–45 degrees)
D. Prone
✅Correct Answer: C
Rationale: JVD is best visualized with the patient reclined at 30–45 degrees.
7. Which heart sound is associated with ventricular filling in
children and young adults?
,ESTUDYR
A. S1
B. S2
C. S3
D. S4
✅Correct Answer: C
Rationale: S3 can be normal in young patients but abnormal in older adults (heart failure).
8. While palpating the thyroid gland, the NP asks the patient
to swallow. This maneuver helps to:
A. Detect tenderness
B. Identify nodules
C. Differentiate thyroid tissue from surrounding structures
D. Measure size
✅Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The thyroid moves upward during swallowing, aiding identification.
9. Which lung sound is described as high-pitched, musical,
and continuous?
A. Crackles
B. Rhonchi
C. Wheezes
D. Pleural rub
✅Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Wheezes are caused by airway narrowing, common in asthma.
10. Which pulse is assessed during cardiopulmonary
resuscitation (CPR) in adults?
A. Radial
B. Femoral
C. Carotid
D. Brachial
, ESTUDYR
✅Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The carotid pulse reflects central circulation.
11. Which abdominal quadrant contains the liver?
A. Left upper quadrant
B. Right lower quadrant
C. Right upper quadrant
D. Left lower quadrant
✅Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The liver primarily occupies the RUQ.
12. A positive Murphy’s sign suggests pathology of the:
A. Appendix
B. Pancreas
C. Gallbladder
D. Spleen
✅Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Pain with inspiration during RUQ palpation indicates gallbladder inflammation.
13. Which lymph nodes drain the breast and upper
extremities?
A. Cervical
B. Inguinal
C. Axillary
D. Epitrochlear
✅Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Axillary nodes drain the arms and breast tissue.
14. Which assessment finding is MOST concerning?
