lOMoARcPSD| 13728229
lOMoARcPSD| 13728229
1
, lOMoARcPSD| 13728229
Chapter 01: Nursing Practice in Canada and Drug Therapy
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
Sealock: Lilley’s Pharmacology for Canadian Health Care Practice, 5th Edition
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
MULTIPLE CHOICE ]+
1. Which is a judgement about a particular patient’s potential need or problem?
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
a. A goal ]+
b. An assessment ]+
c. Subjective data ]+
d. A nursing diagnosis ]+ ]+
ANS: D ]+
Nursing diagnosis is the phase of the nursing process during which a clinical judgement is made about how a patient responds to
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]
heath conditions and life processes or vulnerability for that response.
+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge ]+ ]+
2. The patient is to receive oral furosemide (Lasix) every day; however, because the patient is unable to swallow, he cannot ta
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
ke medication orally, as ordered. The nurse needs to contact the physician. What type of problem is this?
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
a. A “right time” problem ]+ ]+ ]+
b. A “right dose” problem ]+ ]+ ]+
c. A “right route” problem ]+ ]+ ]+
d. A “right medication” problem
]+ ]+ ]+
ANS: C ]+
This is a “right route” problem: the nurse cannot assume the route and must clarify the route with the prescriber. This is not a “ri
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
ght time” problem because the ordered frequency has not changed. This is not a “right dose” problem because the dose is not rel
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
ated to an inability to swallow. This is not a “right medication” problem because the medication ordered will not change, just the
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]
route.
+
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application ]+ ]+
3. The nurse has been monitoring the patient’s progress on his new drug regimen since the first dose and has been documenting sig
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
ns of possible adverse effects. What nursing process phase is the nurse practising?
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
a. Planning
b. Evaluation
c. Implementation
d. Nursing diagnosis ]+
ANS: B ]+
Monitoring the patient’s progress is part of the evaluation phase. Planning, implementation, and nursing diagnosis are not illustra
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
ted by this example.
]+ ]+ ]+
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application ]+ ]+
4. The nurse is caring for a patient who has been newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which statement best illustrates
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
an outcome criterion for this patient?
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
a. The patient will follow instructions. ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
b. The patient will not experience complications.
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
c. The patient adheres to the new insulin treatment regimen.
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
d. The patient demonstrates safe insulin self-administration technique.
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
ANS: D ]+
Having the patient demonstrate safe insulin self-
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
administration technique is a specific and measurable outcome criterion. Following instructions and avoiding complications are n
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
ot specific criteria. Adherence to the new insulin treatment regimen is not objective and would be difficult to measure.
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application ]+ ]+
5. Which activity best reflects the implementation phase of the nursing process for the patient who is newly diagnosed with type
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]
+ 1 diabetes mellitus?
]+ ]+
a. Providing education regarding self-injection technique ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
b. Setting goals and outcome criteria with the patient’s input
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
c. Recording a history of over-the-counter medications used at home ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
d. Formulating nursing diagnoses regarding knowledge deficits related to the ne ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
w treatment regimen]+ ]+
ANS: A ]+
Education is an intervention that occurs during the implementation phase. Setting goals and outcome criteria reflects the planning
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
phase. Recording a drug history reflects the assessment phase. Formulating nursing diagnoses regarding a knowledge deficit ref
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
lects analysis of data as part of the planning phase.
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
DIF: Cognitive Level: Analysis ]+ ]+
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, lOMoARcPSD| 13728229
6. The nurse is working during a very busy night shift, and the health care provider has just given the nurse a medication order ov
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
er the telephone, but the nurse does not recall the route. What is the best way for the nurse to avoid medication errors?
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
a. Recopy the order neatly on the order sheet, with the most common route indicated
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
b. Consult with the pharmacist for clarification about the most common route
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
c. Call the health care provider to clarify the route of administration
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
d. Withhold the drug until the health care provider visits the patient ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
ANS: C ]+
If a medication order does not include the route, the nurse must ask the health care provider to clarify it. Never assume the route of ad
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
ministration.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application | Cognitive Level: Analysis
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
7. Which constitutes the traditional Five Rights of medication administration?
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
a. Right drug, right route, right dose, right time, and right patient
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
b. Right drug, the right effect, the right route, the right time, and the right patient
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
c. Right patient, right strength, right diagnosis, right drug, and right route
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
d. Right patient, right diagnosis, right drug, right route, and right time
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
ANS: A ]+
The traditional Five Rights of medication administration were considered to be Right drug, Right route, Right dose, Right time, and R
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
ight patient. Right effect, right strength, and right diagnosis are not part of the traditional Five Rights.
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension ]+ ]+
8. What correctly describes the nursing process?
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
a. Diagnosing, planning, assessing, implementing, and finally evaluating ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
b. Assessing, then diagnosing, implementing, and ending with evaluating ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
c. A linear direction that begins with assessing and continues through diagnosing
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
, planning, and finally implementing
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
d. An ongoing process that begins with assessing and continues with diagnosing
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
, planning, implementing, and evaluating
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
ANS: D ]+
The nursing process is an ongoing, flexible, adaptable, and adjustable five-
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
step process that begins with assessing and continues through diagnosing, planning, implementing, and finally evaluating, which
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]
may then lead back to any of the other phases.
+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application ]+ ]+
9. When the nurse is considering the timing of a drug dose, which is most important to assess?
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
a. The patient’s identification ]+ ]+
b. The patient’s weight ]+ ]+
c. The patient’s last meal ]+ ]+ ]+
d. Any drug or food allergies ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
ANS: C ]+
The pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of the drug need to be assessed with regard to any drug–
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
food interactions or compatibility issues. The patient’s identification, weight, and drug or food allergies are not affected by the drug’s
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
timing.
]+
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application ]+ ]+
10. The nurse is writing nursing diagnoses for a plan of care. Which reflects the correct format for her nursing diagnosis?
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
a. Anxiety
b. Anxiety related to new drug therapy ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
c. Anxiety related to anxious feelings about drug therapy, as evidenced b
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
y statements such as “I’m upset about having to give myself shots”
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
d. Anxiety related to new drug therapy, as evidenced by statements such as “I’
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
m upset about having to give myself shots”
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
ANS: D ]+
Formulation of nursing diagnoses is usually a three- ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
step process. The only complete answer is “Anxiety related to new drug therapy, as evidenced by statements such as ‘I’m upset a
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
bout having to give myself shots.’” The answer “Anxiety” is missing the “related to” and “as evidenced by” portions. The answe
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
r “Anxiety related to new drug therapy” is missing the “as evidenced by” portion of defining characteristics. The “related to” sect
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
ion in “Anxiety related to anxious feelings about drug therapy, as evidenced by statements such as ‘I’m upset about having to giv
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
e myself shots’” is simply a restatement of the problem “anxiety,” not a separate factor related to the response.
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
DIF: Cognitive Level: Analysis ]+ ]+
OTHER
1. Place the phases of the nursing process in the correct order, starting with the first phase.
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
a. Planning
b. Evaluation
c. Assessment
d. Implementation
e. Diagnosing
ANS:
C, E, A, D, B
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
DIF: Cognitive Level: Analysis ]+ ]+
Chapter 02: Pharmacological Principles
]+ ]+ ]+
Downloaded]+by]+Sylvester]+Kanyi]+()
, lOMoARcPSD| 13728229
Sealock: Lilley’s Pharmacology for Canadian Health Care Practice, 5th Edition
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
MULTIPLE CHOICE ]+
1. A patient is receiving two different drugs, which, at their current dose forms and dosages, are both absorbed into the circulation
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
in identical amounts. Which term best denotes that the drugs have the same absorption rates?
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
a. Equivalent
b. Synergistic
c. Compatible
d. Bioequivalent
ANS: D ]+
Two drugs absorbed into the circulation at the same amount (in specific dosage forms) have the same bioavailability; thus, they ar
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
e bioequivalent. “Equivalent” is incorrect because the term “bioavailability” is used to express the extent of drug absorption. “Sy
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
nergistic” is incorrect because this term refers to two drugs given together whose resulting effect is greater than the sum of the ef
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
fects of each drug given alone. “Compatible” is incorrect because this term is a general term used to indicate that two substances
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
do not have a chemical reaction when mixed (or given, in the case of drugs) together.
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension ]+ ]+
2. A patient is receiving medication via intravenous injection. Which information should the nurse provide for patient education?
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
a. The medication will cause fewer adverse effects when given intravenously.
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
b. The medication will be absorbed slowly into the tissues over time.
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
c. The medication’s action will begin faster when given intravenously.
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
d. Most of the drug is inactivated by the liver before it reaches the target area.
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
ANS: C ]+
Intravenous injections are the fastest route of absorption. The intravenous route does not affect the number of adverse effects, the
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]
+intravenous route is not a slow route of absorption, and the intravenous route does not cause inactivation of the drug by the live
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
r before it reaches the target area.
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension ]+ ]+
3. Which is true regarding parenteral drugs?
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
a. They bypass the first-pass effect. ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
b. They decrease blood flow to the stomach. ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
c. They are altered by the presence of food in the stomach.
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
d. They exert their effects while circulating in the bloodstream.
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
ANS: A ]+
Drugs given by the parenteral route bypass the first-
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
pass effect, but they still must be absorbed into cells and tissues before they can exert their effects. Enteral drugs (drugs taken ora
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
lly), not parenteral drugs, decrease blood flow to the stomach and are altered by the presence of food in the stomach. Parenteral
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
drugs must be absorbed into cells and tissues from the circulation before they can exert their effects; they do not exert their effec
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
ts while circulating in the bloodstream.
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
DIF: Cognitive Level: Analysis ]+ ]+
4. A drug’s half-life is best defined as
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
a. The time it takes for the drug to elicit half its therapeutic response.
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
b. The time it takes one- ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
half of the original amount of a drug to reach the target cells.
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
c. The time it takes one-]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
half of the original amount of a drug to be removed from the body.
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
d. The time it takes one-]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
half of the original amount of a drug to be absorbed into the circulation.
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
ANS: C ]+
A drug’s half-life is the time it takes for one-
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
half of the original amount of a drug to be removed from the body. It is a measure of the rate at which drugs are removed from t
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
he body. Answers A, B, and D are not correct definitions of a drug’s half-life.
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension ]+ ]+
5. The term “duration of action” is best defined as
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
a. The time it takes for the drug to elicit a therapeutic response.
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
b. The time it takes a drug to reach its maximum therapeutic response.
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
c. The length of time it takes to remove a drug from circulation.
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
d. The time during which drug concentration is sufficient to elicit a therapeuti
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
c response.
]+
ANS: D ]+
Duration of action is the time during which drug concentration is sufficient to elicit a therapeutic response. The time it takes for
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]
a drug to elicit a therapeutic response is the drug’s “onset of action.” The time it takes a drug to reach its maximum therapeutic
+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]
response is a drug’s “peak effect.” “The length of time it takes to remove a drug from circulation” defines a drug’s elimination a
+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
nd does not correctly define a drug’s duration of action.
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension ]+ ]+
6. A drug interacts with enzymes by
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
a. altering cell membrane permeability. ]+ ]+ ]+
b. “fooling” a receptor on the cell wall. ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
c. enhancing the drug’s effectiveness within the cells. ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
d. “fooling” the enzyme into binding with it instead of its normal target cell. ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
ANS: D ]+
When drugs interact with enzymes, they inhibit the action of a specific enzyme by “fooling” the enzyme into binding to it instea
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
Downloaded]+by]+Sylvester]+Kanyi]+()
lOMoARcPSD| 13728229
1
, lOMoARcPSD| 13728229
Chapter 01: Nursing Practice in Canada and Drug Therapy
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
Sealock: Lilley’s Pharmacology for Canadian Health Care Practice, 5th Edition
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
MULTIPLE CHOICE ]+
1. Which is a judgement about a particular patient’s potential need or problem?
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
a. A goal ]+
b. An assessment ]+
c. Subjective data ]+
d. A nursing diagnosis ]+ ]+
ANS: D ]+
Nursing diagnosis is the phase of the nursing process during which a clinical judgement is made about how a patient responds to
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]
heath conditions and life processes or vulnerability for that response.
+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge ]+ ]+
2. The patient is to receive oral furosemide (Lasix) every day; however, because the patient is unable to swallow, he cannot ta
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
ke medication orally, as ordered. The nurse needs to contact the physician. What type of problem is this?
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
a. A “right time” problem ]+ ]+ ]+
b. A “right dose” problem ]+ ]+ ]+
c. A “right route” problem ]+ ]+ ]+
d. A “right medication” problem
]+ ]+ ]+
ANS: C ]+
This is a “right route” problem: the nurse cannot assume the route and must clarify the route with the prescriber. This is not a “ri
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
ght time” problem because the ordered frequency has not changed. This is not a “right dose” problem because the dose is not rel
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
ated to an inability to swallow. This is not a “right medication” problem because the medication ordered will not change, just the
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]
route.
+
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application ]+ ]+
3. The nurse has been monitoring the patient’s progress on his new drug regimen since the first dose and has been documenting sig
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
ns of possible adverse effects. What nursing process phase is the nurse practising?
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
a. Planning
b. Evaluation
c. Implementation
d. Nursing diagnosis ]+
ANS: B ]+
Monitoring the patient’s progress is part of the evaluation phase. Planning, implementation, and nursing diagnosis are not illustra
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
ted by this example.
]+ ]+ ]+
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application ]+ ]+
4. The nurse is caring for a patient who has been newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which statement best illustrates
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
an outcome criterion for this patient?
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
a. The patient will follow instructions. ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
b. The patient will not experience complications.
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
c. The patient adheres to the new insulin treatment regimen.
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
d. The patient demonstrates safe insulin self-administration technique.
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
ANS: D ]+
Having the patient demonstrate safe insulin self-
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
administration technique is a specific and measurable outcome criterion. Following instructions and avoiding complications are n
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
ot specific criteria. Adherence to the new insulin treatment regimen is not objective and would be difficult to measure.
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application ]+ ]+
5. Which activity best reflects the implementation phase of the nursing process for the patient who is newly diagnosed with type
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]
+ 1 diabetes mellitus?
]+ ]+
a. Providing education regarding self-injection technique ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
b. Setting goals and outcome criteria with the patient’s input
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
c. Recording a history of over-the-counter medications used at home ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
d. Formulating nursing diagnoses regarding knowledge deficits related to the ne ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
w treatment regimen]+ ]+
ANS: A ]+
Education is an intervention that occurs during the implementation phase. Setting goals and outcome criteria reflects the planning
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
phase. Recording a drug history reflects the assessment phase. Formulating nursing diagnoses regarding a knowledge deficit ref
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
lects analysis of data as part of the planning phase.
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
DIF: Cognitive Level: Analysis ]+ ]+
1
, lOMoARcPSD| 13728229
6. The nurse is working during a very busy night shift, and the health care provider has just given the nurse a medication order ov
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
er the telephone, but the nurse does not recall the route. What is the best way for the nurse to avoid medication errors?
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
a. Recopy the order neatly on the order sheet, with the most common route indicated
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
b. Consult with the pharmacist for clarification about the most common route
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
c. Call the health care provider to clarify the route of administration
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
d. Withhold the drug until the health care provider visits the patient ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
ANS: C ]+
If a medication order does not include the route, the nurse must ask the health care provider to clarify it. Never assume the route of ad
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
ministration.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application | Cognitive Level: Analysis
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
7. Which constitutes the traditional Five Rights of medication administration?
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
a. Right drug, right route, right dose, right time, and right patient
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
b. Right drug, the right effect, the right route, the right time, and the right patient
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
c. Right patient, right strength, right diagnosis, right drug, and right route
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
d. Right patient, right diagnosis, right drug, right route, and right time
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
ANS: A ]+
The traditional Five Rights of medication administration were considered to be Right drug, Right route, Right dose, Right time, and R
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
ight patient. Right effect, right strength, and right diagnosis are not part of the traditional Five Rights.
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension ]+ ]+
8. What correctly describes the nursing process?
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
a. Diagnosing, planning, assessing, implementing, and finally evaluating ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
b. Assessing, then diagnosing, implementing, and ending with evaluating ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
c. A linear direction that begins with assessing and continues through diagnosing
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
, planning, and finally implementing
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
d. An ongoing process that begins with assessing and continues with diagnosing
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
, planning, implementing, and evaluating
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
ANS: D ]+
The nursing process is an ongoing, flexible, adaptable, and adjustable five-
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
step process that begins with assessing and continues through diagnosing, planning, implementing, and finally evaluating, which
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]
may then lead back to any of the other phases.
+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application ]+ ]+
9. When the nurse is considering the timing of a drug dose, which is most important to assess?
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
a. The patient’s identification ]+ ]+
b. The patient’s weight ]+ ]+
c. The patient’s last meal ]+ ]+ ]+
d. Any drug or food allergies ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
ANS: C ]+
The pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of the drug need to be assessed with regard to any drug–
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
food interactions or compatibility issues. The patient’s identification, weight, and drug or food allergies are not affected by the drug’s
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
timing.
]+
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application ]+ ]+
10. The nurse is writing nursing diagnoses for a plan of care. Which reflects the correct format for her nursing diagnosis?
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
a. Anxiety
b. Anxiety related to new drug therapy ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
c. Anxiety related to anxious feelings about drug therapy, as evidenced b
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
y statements such as “I’m upset about having to give myself shots”
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
d. Anxiety related to new drug therapy, as evidenced by statements such as “I’
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
m upset about having to give myself shots”
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
ANS: D ]+
Formulation of nursing diagnoses is usually a three- ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
step process. The only complete answer is “Anxiety related to new drug therapy, as evidenced by statements such as ‘I’m upset a
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
bout having to give myself shots.’” The answer “Anxiety” is missing the “related to” and “as evidenced by” portions. The answe
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
r “Anxiety related to new drug therapy” is missing the “as evidenced by” portion of defining characteristics. The “related to” sect
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
ion in “Anxiety related to anxious feelings about drug therapy, as evidenced by statements such as ‘I’m upset about having to giv
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
e myself shots’” is simply a restatement of the problem “anxiety,” not a separate factor related to the response.
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
DIF: Cognitive Level: Analysis ]+ ]+
OTHER
1. Place the phases of the nursing process in the correct order, starting with the first phase.
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
a. Planning
b. Evaluation
c. Assessment
d. Implementation
e. Diagnosing
ANS:
C, E, A, D, B
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
DIF: Cognitive Level: Analysis ]+ ]+
Chapter 02: Pharmacological Principles
]+ ]+ ]+
Downloaded]+by]+Sylvester]+Kanyi]+()
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Sealock: Lilley’s Pharmacology for Canadian Health Care Practice, 5th Edition
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
MULTIPLE CHOICE ]+
1. A patient is receiving two different drugs, which, at their current dose forms and dosages, are both absorbed into the circulation
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
in identical amounts. Which term best denotes that the drugs have the same absorption rates?
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
a. Equivalent
b. Synergistic
c. Compatible
d. Bioequivalent
ANS: D ]+
Two drugs absorbed into the circulation at the same amount (in specific dosage forms) have the same bioavailability; thus, they ar
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
e bioequivalent. “Equivalent” is incorrect because the term “bioavailability” is used to express the extent of drug absorption. “Sy
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
nergistic” is incorrect because this term refers to two drugs given together whose resulting effect is greater than the sum of the ef
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
fects of each drug given alone. “Compatible” is incorrect because this term is a general term used to indicate that two substances
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
do not have a chemical reaction when mixed (or given, in the case of drugs) together.
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension ]+ ]+
2. A patient is receiving medication via intravenous injection. Which information should the nurse provide for patient education?
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
a. The medication will cause fewer adverse effects when given intravenously.
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
b. The medication will be absorbed slowly into the tissues over time.
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
c. The medication’s action will begin faster when given intravenously.
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
d. Most of the drug is inactivated by the liver before it reaches the target area.
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
ANS: C ]+
Intravenous injections are the fastest route of absorption. The intravenous route does not affect the number of adverse effects, the
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]
+intravenous route is not a slow route of absorption, and the intravenous route does not cause inactivation of the drug by the live
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
r before it reaches the target area.
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension ]+ ]+
3. Which is true regarding parenteral drugs?
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
a. They bypass the first-pass effect. ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
b. They decrease blood flow to the stomach. ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
c. They are altered by the presence of food in the stomach.
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
d. They exert their effects while circulating in the bloodstream.
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
ANS: A ]+
Drugs given by the parenteral route bypass the first-
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
pass effect, but they still must be absorbed into cells and tissues before they can exert their effects. Enteral drugs (drugs taken ora
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
lly), not parenteral drugs, decrease blood flow to the stomach and are altered by the presence of food in the stomach. Parenteral
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
drugs must be absorbed into cells and tissues from the circulation before they can exert their effects; they do not exert their effec
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
ts while circulating in the bloodstream.
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
DIF: Cognitive Level: Analysis ]+ ]+
4. A drug’s half-life is best defined as
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
a. The time it takes for the drug to elicit half its therapeutic response.
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
b. The time it takes one- ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
half of the original amount of a drug to reach the target cells.
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
c. The time it takes one-]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
half of the original amount of a drug to be removed from the body.
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
d. The time it takes one-]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
half of the original amount of a drug to be absorbed into the circulation.
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
ANS: C ]+
A drug’s half-life is the time it takes for one-
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
half of the original amount of a drug to be removed from the body. It is a measure of the rate at which drugs are removed from t
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
he body. Answers A, B, and D are not correct definitions of a drug’s half-life.
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension ]+ ]+
5. The term “duration of action” is best defined as
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
a. The time it takes for the drug to elicit a therapeutic response.
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
b. The time it takes a drug to reach its maximum therapeutic response.
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
c. The length of time it takes to remove a drug from circulation.
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
d. The time during which drug concentration is sufficient to elicit a therapeuti
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
c response.
]+
ANS: D ]+
Duration of action is the time during which drug concentration is sufficient to elicit a therapeutic response. The time it takes for
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]
a drug to elicit a therapeutic response is the drug’s “onset of action.” The time it takes a drug to reach its maximum therapeutic
+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]
response is a drug’s “peak effect.” “The length of time it takes to remove a drug from circulation” defines a drug’s elimination a
+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
nd does not correctly define a drug’s duration of action.
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension ]+ ]+
6. A drug interacts with enzymes by
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
a. altering cell membrane permeability. ]+ ]+ ]+
b. “fooling” a receptor on the cell wall. ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
c. enhancing the drug’s effectiveness within the cells. ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
d. “fooling” the enzyme into binding with it instead of its normal target cell. ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
ANS: D ]+
When drugs interact with enzymes, they inhibit the action of a specific enzyme by “fooling” the enzyme into binding to it instea
]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+ ]+
Downloaded]+by]+Sylvester]+Kanyi]+()
