TEST BANK
METHODS IN BEHAVIORAL
RESEARCH
,Contents
Chapter 1: Scientific Understanding Of Behavior
Chapter 2: Where To Start
Chapter 3: Ethics In Behavioral Research
Chapter 4: Fundamental Research Issues
Chapter 5: Measurement Concepts
Chapter 6: Observational Methods
Chapter 7: Asking People About Themselves: Survey Research
Chapter 8: Experimental Design
Chapter 9: Conducting Experiments
Chapter 10: Complex Experimental Designs
Chapter 11: Single-Case, Quasi-Experimental, And Developmental Research
Chapter 12: Understanding Research Results: Description And Correlation
Chapter 13: Understanding Research Results: Statistical Inference
Chapter 14: Generalization
,Chapter 1: Scientific Understanding Of Behavior
1. Knowledge Of Research Methods Is Important For All Of The Following EXCEPT:
A. Evaluating Research Reported In The Media
B. Making Decisions In Various Professions
C. Guaranteeing Correct Conclusions About Behavior
D. Conducting Scientific
Research ANS: C
2. A Major Problem With Relying On Intuition To Understand Behavior Is That:
A. Intuition Is Always Completely Wrong
B. Cognitive And Motivational Biases Can Lead To Erroneous Conclusions
C. It Is Illegal To Use Intuition In Research
D. Intuition Cannot Generate Any Useful
Ideas ANS: B
3. An Illusory Correlation Occurs When:
A. Two Unrelated Events Are Perceived As Causally Connected
B. We Correctly Identify A Causal Relationship
C. We Use Scientific Methods To Test Hypotheses
D. Authority Figures Provide Expert
Opinions ANS: A
4. The Belief That Adoption Increases The Likelihood Of Pregnancy In Couples
Having Difficulty Conceiving Is An Example Of:
A. Scientific Evidence
B. Illusory Correlation
C. Valid Causal Reasoning
D. Peer-Reviewed
Research ANS: B
5. When People Accept Information From A Professor, Celebrity, Or Religious
Figure Without Question, They Are Relying On:
A. Empiricism
B. Scientific Skepticism
C. Authority
D. Falsifiabilit
y ANS: C
6. The Fundamental Characteristic That Distinguishes The Scientific Approach
From Other Ways Of Knowing Is:
A. Authority
B. Intuition
, C. Empiricism
D. Anecdot
e ANS: C
7. Empiricism Is Best Defined As:
A. Accepting Authority Figures' Statements
B. Knowledge Based On Observations And Data
C. Relying On Personal Intuition
D. Making Untestable
Claims ANS: B
8. According To Goodstein's Evolved Theory Of Science, Which Of The
Following Is TRUE?
A. Data Play A Central Role In Scientific Inquiry
B. Scientists Work In Isolation From Other Scientists
C. Scientific Ideas Should Not Be Tested Against Competing Ideas
D. Peer Review Is Unnecessary For Well-Designed
Studies ANS: A
9. The Concept Of Falsifiability Means That:
A. All Scientific Ideas Are False
B. Scientific Ideas Can Be Tested And Potentially Proven Wrong
C. Scientists Intentionally Falsify Data
D. Only False Ideas Should Be
Tested ANS: B
10. Peer Review In Science Serves To:
A. Allow Scientists To Publish Without Scrutiny
B. Ensure That Only Research Without Flaws Is Published
C. Eliminate The Need For Replication
D. Prevent Any Criticism Of Published
Work ANS: B
11. Scientific Skepticism Means That:
A. Scientists Reject All New Ideas
B. Ideas Must Be Evaluated Based On Careful Logic And Well-Executed Research
C. Scientists Are Generally Negative People
D. Intuition Should Never Generate Research
Ideas ANS: B
12. Which Statement About The Scientific Approach Is Correct?
A. Scientists Never Use Intuition To Generate Ideas
B. Authority Figures' Statements Should Always Be Accepted As Fact
C. Ideas Must Be Testable And Supported By Evidence
METHODS IN BEHAVIORAL
RESEARCH
,Contents
Chapter 1: Scientific Understanding Of Behavior
Chapter 2: Where To Start
Chapter 3: Ethics In Behavioral Research
Chapter 4: Fundamental Research Issues
Chapter 5: Measurement Concepts
Chapter 6: Observational Methods
Chapter 7: Asking People About Themselves: Survey Research
Chapter 8: Experimental Design
Chapter 9: Conducting Experiments
Chapter 10: Complex Experimental Designs
Chapter 11: Single-Case, Quasi-Experimental, And Developmental Research
Chapter 12: Understanding Research Results: Description And Correlation
Chapter 13: Understanding Research Results: Statistical Inference
Chapter 14: Generalization
,Chapter 1: Scientific Understanding Of Behavior
1. Knowledge Of Research Methods Is Important For All Of The Following EXCEPT:
A. Evaluating Research Reported In The Media
B. Making Decisions In Various Professions
C. Guaranteeing Correct Conclusions About Behavior
D. Conducting Scientific
Research ANS: C
2. A Major Problem With Relying On Intuition To Understand Behavior Is That:
A. Intuition Is Always Completely Wrong
B. Cognitive And Motivational Biases Can Lead To Erroneous Conclusions
C. It Is Illegal To Use Intuition In Research
D. Intuition Cannot Generate Any Useful
Ideas ANS: B
3. An Illusory Correlation Occurs When:
A. Two Unrelated Events Are Perceived As Causally Connected
B. We Correctly Identify A Causal Relationship
C. We Use Scientific Methods To Test Hypotheses
D. Authority Figures Provide Expert
Opinions ANS: A
4. The Belief That Adoption Increases The Likelihood Of Pregnancy In Couples
Having Difficulty Conceiving Is An Example Of:
A. Scientific Evidence
B. Illusory Correlation
C. Valid Causal Reasoning
D. Peer-Reviewed
Research ANS: B
5. When People Accept Information From A Professor, Celebrity, Or Religious
Figure Without Question, They Are Relying On:
A. Empiricism
B. Scientific Skepticism
C. Authority
D. Falsifiabilit
y ANS: C
6. The Fundamental Characteristic That Distinguishes The Scientific Approach
From Other Ways Of Knowing Is:
A. Authority
B. Intuition
, C. Empiricism
D. Anecdot
e ANS: C
7. Empiricism Is Best Defined As:
A. Accepting Authority Figures' Statements
B. Knowledge Based On Observations And Data
C. Relying On Personal Intuition
D. Making Untestable
Claims ANS: B
8. According To Goodstein's Evolved Theory Of Science, Which Of The
Following Is TRUE?
A. Data Play A Central Role In Scientific Inquiry
B. Scientists Work In Isolation From Other Scientists
C. Scientific Ideas Should Not Be Tested Against Competing Ideas
D. Peer Review Is Unnecessary For Well-Designed
Studies ANS: A
9. The Concept Of Falsifiability Means That:
A. All Scientific Ideas Are False
B. Scientific Ideas Can Be Tested And Potentially Proven Wrong
C. Scientists Intentionally Falsify Data
D. Only False Ideas Should Be
Tested ANS: B
10. Peer Review In Science Serves To:
A. Allow Scientists To Publish Without Scrutiny
B. Ensure That Only Research Without Flaws Is Published
C. Eliminate The Need For Replication
D. Prevent Any Criticism Of Published
Work ANS: B
11. Scientific Skepticism Means That:
A. Scientists Reject All New Ideas
B. Ideas Must Be Evaluated Based On Careful Logic And Well-Executed Research
C. Scientists Are Generally Negative People
D. Intuition Should Never Generate Research
Ideas ANS: B
12. Which Statement About The Scientific Approach Is Correct?
A. Scientists Never Use Intuition To Generate Ideas
B. Authority Figures' Statements Should Always Be Accepted As Fact
C. Ideas Must Be Testable And Supported By Evidence
