Final Exam DaVita (RN) 2026 Update
|Actual Exam Set Questions and Verified
Answers (Correct solutions) Plus
Rationales | Get It 100% Accurate
1. The primary purpose of hemodialysis is to:
A. Cure kidney disease
B. Remove excess fluid and waste
C. Increase blood pressure
D. Replace kidneys permanently
Answer: B
Rationale: Dialysis removes uremic toxins and excess fluid.
2. Which waste product is primarily removed by dialysis?
A. Insulin
B. Urea
C. Albumin
D. Red blood cells
Answer: B
3. Normal dialysis treatment time is typically:
A. 1–2 hours
B. 2–3 hours
C. 3–4 hours
D. 6–8 hours
Answer: C
4. Which electrolyte imbalance is most life-threatening in ESRD?
A. Hyponatremia
B. Hypokalemia
C. Hyperkalemia
D. Hypocalcemia
Answer: C
5. Which condition is an absolute contraindication to dialysis access use?
A. Bruit present
B. Infection at access site
C. Edema
D. Pain at site
Answer: B
SECTION 2 — VASCULAR ACCESS
, 6. The preferred vascular access for long-term dialysis is:
A. AV fistula
B. AV graft
C. Temporary catheter
D. PICC line
Answer: A
7. Which assessment finding indicates a functioning AV fistula?
A. Warmth only
B. Palpable thrill
C. Redness
D. Pain
Answer: B
8. The nurse should assess the access for thrill and bruit:
A. Weekly
B. Monthly
C. Every treatment
D. Only if problems occur
Answer: C
9. Which action is contraindicated in the arm with an AV fistula?
A. Elevation
B. BP measurement
C. Gentle washing
D. Assessment
Answer: B
10. Steal syndrome is characterized by:
A. Excess bleeding
B. Decreased distal circulation
C. Infection
D. Hypotension
Answer: B
SECTION 3 — DIALYSIS COMPLICATIONS
11. The most common complication during hemodialysis is:
A. Hypertension
B. Hypotension
C. Infection
D. Air embolism
Answer: B
12. If a patient becomes hypotensive during dialysis, the nurse should FIRST:
A. Stop dialysis
B. Administer antihypertensive
C. Lower ultrafiltration rate
, D. Give potassium
Answer: C
13. Muscle cramps during dialysis are usually caused by:
A. Hyperkalemia
B. Rapid fluid removal
C. Infection
D. Hypoglycemia
Answer: B
14. Which sign indicates dialysis disequilibrium syndrome?
A. Headache and confusion
B. Fever
C. Chest pain
D. Bleeding
Answer: A
15. Air embolism is prevented by:
A. Slow blood flow
B. Proper line priming
C. Increased dialysate
D. High UF rates
Answer: B
SECTION 4 — LAB VALUES & INTERPRETATION
16. Normal potassium range is:
A. 2.5–3.5 mEq/L
B. 3.5–5.0 mEq/L
C. 5.5–7.0 mEq/L
D. 6.0–8.0 mEq/L
Answer: B
17. Which potassium level requires immediate action?
A. 4.8
B. 5.2
C. 6.5
D. 3.6
Answer: C
18. Elevated phosphorus levels can lead to:
A. Bone disease
B. Hypotension
C. Hypoglycemia
D. Anemia
Answer: A
19. Which lab indicates adequacy of dialysis?
A. Hemoglobin
B. Kt/V
|Actual Exam Set Questions and Verified
Answers (Correct solutions) Plus
Rationales | Get It 100% Accurate
1. The primary purpose of hemodialysis is to:
A. Cure kidney disease
B. Remove excess fluid and waste
C. Increase blood pressure
D. Replace kidneys permanently
Answer: B
Rationale: Dialysis removes uremic toxins and excess fluid.
2. Which waste product is primarily removed by dialysis?
A. Insulin
B. Urea
C. Albumin
D. Red blood cells
Answer: B
3. Normal dialysis treatment time is typically:
A. 1–2 hours
B. 2–3 hours
C. 3–4 hours
D. 6–8 hours
Answer: C
4. Which electrolyte imbalance is most life-threatening in ESRD?
A. Hyponatremia
B. Hypokalemia
C. Hyperkalemia
D. Hypocalcemia
Answer: C
5. Which condition is an absolute contraindication to dialysis access use?
A. Bruit present
B. Infection at access site
C. Edema
D. Pain at site
Answer: B
SECTION 2 — VASCULAR ACCESS
, 6. The preferred vascular access for long-term dialysis is:
A. AV fistula
B. AV graft
C. Temporary catheter
D. PICC line
Answer: A
7. Which assessment finding indicates a functioning AV fistula?
A. Warmth only
B. Palpable thrill
C. Redness
D. Pain
Answer: B
8. The nurse should assess the access for thrill and bruit:
A. Weekly
B. Monthly
C. Every treatment
D. Only if problems occur
Answer: C
9. Which action is contraindicated in the arm with an AV fistula?
A. Elevation
B. BP measurement
C. Gentle washing
D. Assessment
Answer: B
10. Steal syndrome is characterized by:
A. Excess bleeding
B. Decreased distal circulation
C. Infection
D. Hypotension
Answer: B
SECTION 3 — DIALYSIS COMPLICATIONS
11. The most common complication during hemodialysis is:
A. Hypertension
B. Hypotension
C. Infection
D. Air embolism
Answer: B
12. If a patient becomes hypotensive during dialysis, the nurse should FIRST:
A. Stop dialysis
B. Administer antihypertensive
C. Lower ultrafiltration rate
, D. Give potassium
Answer: C
13. Muscle cramps during dialysis are usually caused by:
A. Hyperkalemia
B. Rapid fluid removal
C. Infection
D. Hypoglycemia
Answer: B
14. Which sign indicates dialysis disequilibrium syndrome?
A. Headache and confusion
B. Fever
C. Chest pain
D. Bleeding
Answer: A
15. Air embolism is prevented by:
A. Slow blood flow
B. Proper line priming
C. Increased dialysate
D. High UF rates
Answer: B
SECTION 4 — LAB VALUES & INTERPRETATION
16. Normal potassium range is:
A. 2.5–3.5 mEq/L
B. 3.5–5.0 mEq/L
C. 5.5–7.0 mEq/L
D. 6.0–8.0 mEq/L
Answer: B
17. Which potassium level requires immediate action?
A. 4.8
B. 5.2
C. 6.5
D. 3.6
Answer: C
18. Elevated phosphorus levels can lead to:
A. Bone disease
B. Hypotension
C. Hypoglycemia
D. Anemia
Answer: A
19. Which lab indicates adequacy of dialysis?
A. Hemoglobin
B. Kt/V
