Test Bank Complete_
Bushong’s Radiologic Science For Technologists: Physics,
Biology, And Protection 13th Edition, (2026 Updates)
By Stewart C. Bushong & Elizabeth Shields
All Chapters 1-42| 8 Units| Latest Version| Verified Detailed Answers| Rated A+
From: [Bestmaxsolutions.Stuvia
,PART I: RADIOLOGIC PHYSICS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4
Chapter 01. Essential Concepts Of Radiologic Science--------------------------------------------------------------4
Chapter 02. Basic Physics Primer --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 12
Chapter 03. The Structure of Matter ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 20
Chapter 04. Electromagnetic Energy ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 27
Chapter 05. Electricity, Magnetism, And Electromagnetism ---------------------------------------------------- 35
PART II: X-RADIATION --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 42
Chapter 06. The X-Ray Imaging System------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 42
Chapter 07. The X-Ray Tube --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 51
Chapter 08. X-Ray Production------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 60
Chapter 09. X-Ray Emission---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 69
Chapter 10. X-Ray Interaction With Matter ------------------------------------------------------------------------- 78
PART III: X-RAY IMAGING ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 87
Chapter 11. Computed Radiography ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 87
Chapter 12. Digital Radiography --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 95
Chapter 13. Digital Radiographic Technique ---------------------------------------------------------------------- 103
Chapter 14. Image Acquisition ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 112
Chapter 15. Scatter Radiation ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 121
Chapter 16. Digital Image Descriptors and Evaluation --------------------------------------------------------- 130
Chapter 17. Radiographic Artifacts ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 139
PART IV: ADVANCED MEDICAL IMAGING ------------------------------------------------------------------ 148
Chapter 18. Mammography ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 148
Chapter 19. Fluoroscopy------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 157
Chapter 20. Interventional Radiology ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 166
Chapter 21. Computed Tomography -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 173
Chapter 22. Tomosynthesis -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 182
PART V: MEDICAL IMAGE DISPLAY -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 190
Chapter 23. Patient-Image Optimization --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 190
Chapter 24. Viewing The Medical Image --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 198
Chapter 25. Medical Image Informatics ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 206
Chapter 26. Digital Display Device ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 215
,PART VI: THE MEDICAL IMAGE ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 224
Chapter 27. Imaging Science ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 224
Chapter 28. Artificial Intelligence ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 232
Chapter 29. Quantum Computing------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 243
Chapter 30. Image Perception ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 252
PART VII: RADIOBIOLOGY -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 260
Chapter 31. Human Biology ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 260
Chapter 32. Fundamental Principles Of Radiobiology ---------------------------------------------------------- 268
Chapter 33. Molecular Radiobiology -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 277
Chapter 34. Cellular Radiobiology ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 285
Chapter 35. Deterministic Effects Of Radiation ------------------------------------------------------------------ 293
Chapter 36. Stochastic Effects Of Radiation ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 302
PART VIII: RADIATION PROTECTION------------------------------------------------------------------------- 311
Chapter 37. Health Physics -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 311
Chapter 38. Designing For Radiation Protection ----------------------------------------------------------------- 319
Chapter 39. Radiography/Fluoroscopy Patient Radiation ----------------------------------------------------- 328
Chapter 40. Computed Tomography Patient Radiation Dose------------------------------------------------- 337
Chapter 41. Patient Radiation Dose Management -------------------------------------------------------------- 343
Chapter 42. Occupational Radiation Dose Management ------------------------------------------------------ 349
,PART I: RADIOLOGIC PHYSICS
Chapter 01. Essential Concepts Of Radiologic Science
Stewart C: Bushong’s Radiologic Science For Technologists: Physics, Biology, And Protection 13th Edition, Test Bank
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Matter Is Measured In
A. Kilograms
B. Joules
C. Electron Volts
D. Rems
ANS: A
Matter Is Measured In Kilograms.
Matter Refers To Anything That Has Mass And Occupies Space. The Standard Unit Of
Mass In The International System Of Units (SI) Is The Kilogram (Kg). Joules Measure
Energy, Electron Volts Measure Atomic-Scale Energy, And Rems Measure Radiation
Dose, Not Matter.
2. Atoms And Molecules Are The Fundamental Building Blocks Of
A. Energy
B. Radiation
C. Matter
D. Gravity
ANS: C
Atoms And Molecules Are The Fundamental Building Blocks Of Matter.
Matter Is Composed Of Atoms, Which Combine To Form Molecules. Energy And
Radiation Are Phenomena Associated With Matter, But They Are Not Its Building
Blocks. Gravity Is A Force Acting On Matter, Not A Constituent Of It.
,3. Ice And Steam Are Examples Of Two Forms Of
A. Matter
B. Radiation
C. Energy
D. Work
ANS: A
Ice And Steam Are Examples Of Two Forms Of Matter.
Both Ice (Solid) And Steam (Gas) Are Physical States Of Water, Which Is Matter. Matter
Can Exist In Different States—Solid, Liquid, And Gas—Depending On Temperature
And Pressure. Radiation And Energy Are Not Physical States Of Matter.
4. The Formula E = Mc² Is The Basis For The Theory That Led To The Development Of
A. X-Rays
B. Electromagnetic Radiation
C. Nuclear Power
D. Cathode Ray Tubes
ANS: C
The Formula E = Mc² Is The Basis For The Theory That Led To The Development Of
Nuclear Power.
Einstein’s Equation Shows That Mass Can Be Converted Into Energy. This Principle
Underlies Nuclear Fission And Fusion, Which Release Enormous Amounts Of Energy
And Form The Foundation Of Nuclear Power. X-Rays And Cathode Ray Tubes Are Not
Directly Derived From This Equation.
5. Radio Waves, Light, And X-Rays Are All Examples Of _ Energy.
A. Nuclear
B. Thermal
C. Electrical
D. Electromagnetic
, ANS: D
Electromagnetic Energy Includes Radio Waves, Light, And X-Rays As Well As Other
Parts Of The Spectrum.
These Are All Forms Of Electromagnetic Radiation, Differing Only In Wavelength And
Frequency. Nuclear Energy Comes From Atomic Nuclei, Thermal Energy Relates To
Heat, And Electrical Energy Involves Electron Flow.
6. A Moving Object Has _ Energy.
A. Potential
B. Kinetic
C. Nuclear
D. Electromagnetic
ANS: B
A Moving Object Has Kinetic Energy.
Kinetic Energy Is The Energy Of Motion, Proportional To Mass And Velocity Squared.
Potential Energy Is Stored Energy (E.G., Gravitational Or Chemical). Nuclear And
Electromagnetic Energies Are Unrelated To Simple Mechanical Motion.
7. What Is The Removal Of An Electron From An Atom Called?
A. Ionization
B. Pair Production
C. Irradiation
D. Electricity
ANS: A
The Removal Of An Electron From An Atom Is Called Ionization.
Ionization Occurs When Sufficient Energy Is Imparted To An Atom To Eject An
Electron, Leaving Behind An Ion. Pair Production Is A Different Process Involving
Bushong’s Radiologic Science For Technologists: Physics,
Biology, And Protection 13th Edition, (2026 Updates)
By Stewart C. Bushong & Elizabeth Shields
All Chapters 1-42| 8 Units| Latest Version| Verified Detailed Answers| Rated A+
From: [Bestmaxsolutions.Stuvia
,PART I: RADIOLOGIC PHYSICS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4
Chapter 01. Essential Concepts Of Radiologic Science--------------------------------------------------------------4
Chapter 02. Basic Physics Primer --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 12
Chapter 03. The Structure of Matter ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 20
Chapter 04. Electromagnetic Energy ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 27
Chapter 05. Electricity, Magnetism, And Electromagnetism ---------------------------------------------------- 35
PART II: X-RADIATION --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 42
Chapter 06. The X-Ray Imaging System------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 42
Chapter 07. The X-Ray Tube --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 51
Chapter 08. X-Ray Production------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 60
Chapter 09. X-Ray Emission---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 69
Chapter 10. X-Ray Interaction With Matter ------------------------------------------------------------------------- 78
PART III: X-RAY IMAGING ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 87
Chapter 11. Computed Radiography ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 87
Chapter 12. Digital Radiography --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 95
Chapter 13. Digital Radiographic Technique ---------------------------------------------------------------------- 103
Chapter 14. Image Acquisition ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 112
Chapter 15. Scatter Radiation ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 121
Chapter 16. Digital Image Descriptors and Evaluation --------------------------------------------------------- 130
Chapter 17. Radiographic Artifacts ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 139
PART IV: ADVANCED MEDICAL IMAGING ------------------------------------------------------------------ 148
Chapter 18. Mammography ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 148
Chapter 19. Fluoroscopy------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 157
Chapter 20. Interventional Radiology ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 166
Chapter 21. Computed Tomography -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 173
Chapter 22. Tomosynthesis -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 182
PART V: MEDICAL IMAGE DISPLAY -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 190
Chapter 23. Patient-Image Optimization --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 190
Chapter 24. Viewing The Medical Image --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 198
Chapter 25. Medical Image Informatics ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 206
Chapter 26. Digital Display Device ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 215
,PART VI: THE MEDICAL IMAGE ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 224
Chapter 27. Imaging Science ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 224
Chapter 28. Artificial Intelligence ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 232
Chapter 29. Quantum Computing------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 243
Chapter 30. Image Perception ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 252
PART VII: RADIOBIOLOGY -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 260
Chapter 31. Human Biology ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 260
Chapter 32. Fundamental Principles Of Radiobiology ---------------------------------------------------------- 268
Chapter 33. Molecular Radiobiology -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 277
Chapter 34. Cellular Radiobiology ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 285
Chapter 35. Deterministic Effects Of Radiation ------------------------------------------------------------------ 293
Chapter 36. Stochastic Effects Of Radiation ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 302
PART VIII: RADIATION PROTECTION------------------------------------------------------------------------- 311
Chapter 37. Health Physics -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 311
Chapter 38. Designing For Radiation Protection ----------------------------------------------------------------- 319
Chapter 39. Radiography/Fluoroscopy Patient Radiation ----------------------------------------------------- 328
Chapter 40. Computed Tomography Patient Radiation Dose------------------------------------------------- 337
Chapter 41. Patient Radiation Dose Management -------------------------------------------------------------- 343
Chapter 42. Occupational Radiation Dose Management ------------------------------------------------------ 349
,PART I: RADIOLOGIC PHYSICS
Chapter 01. Essential Concepts Of Radiologic Science
Stewart C: Bushong’s Radiologic Science For Technologists: Physics, Biology, And Protection 13th Edition, Test Bank
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Matter Is Measured In
A. Kilograms
B. Joules
C. Electron Volts
D. Rems
ANS: A
Matter Is Measured In Kilograms.
Matter Refers To Anything That Has Mass And Occupies Space. The Standard Unit Of
Mass In The International System Of Units (SI) Is The Kilogram (Kg). Joules Measure
Energy, Electron Volts Measure Atomic-Scale Energy, And Rems Measure Radiation
Dose, Not Matter.
2. Atoms And Molecules Are The Fundamental Building Blocks Of
A. Energy
B. Radiation
C. Matter
D. Gravity
ANS: C
Atoms And Molecules Are The Fundamental Building Blocks Of Matter.
Matter Is Composed Of Atoms, Which Combine To Form Molecules. Energy And
Radiation Are Phenomena Associated With Matter, But They Are Not Its Building
Blocks. Gravity Is A Force Acting On Matter, Not A Constituent Of It.
,3. Ice And Steam Are Examples Of Two Forms Of
A. Matter
B. Radiation
C. Energy
D. Work
ANS: A
Ice And Steam Are Examples Of Two Forms Of Matter.
Both Ice (Solid) And Steam (Gas) Are Physical States Of Water, Which Is Matter. Matter
Can Exist In Different States—Solid, Liquid, And Gas—Depending On Temperature
And Pressure. Radiation And Energy Are Not Physical States Of Matter.
4. The Formula E = Mc² Is The Basis For The Theory That Led To The Development Of
A. X-Rays
B. Electromagnetic Radiation
C. Nuclear Power
D. Cathode Ray Tubes
ANS: C
The Formula E = Mc² Is The Basis For The Theory That Led To The Development Of
Nuclear Power.
Einstein’s Equation Shows That Mass Can Be Converted Into Energy. This Principle
Underlies Nuclear Fission And Fusion, Which Release Enormous Amounts Of Energy
And Form The Foundation Of Nuclear Power. X-Rays And Cathode Ray Tubes Are Not
Directly Derived From This Equation.
5. Radio Waves, Light, And X-Rays Are All Examples Of _ Energy.
A. Nuclear
B. Thermal
C. Electrical
D. Electromagnetic
, ANS: D
Electromagnetic Energy Includes Radio Waves, Light, And X-Rays As Well As Other
Parts Of The Spectrum.
These Are All Forms Of Electromagnetic Radiation, Differing Only In Wavelength And
Frequency. Nuclear Energy Comes From Atomic Nuclei, Thermal Energy Relates To
Heat, And Electrical Energy Involves Electron Flow.
6. A Moving Object Has _ Energy.
A. Potential
B. Kinetic
C. Nuclear
D. Electromagnetic
ANS: B
A Moving Object Has Kinetic Energy.
Kinetic Energy Is The Energy Of Motion, Proportional To Mass And Velocity Squared.
Potential Energy Is Stored Energy (E.G., Gravitational Or Chemical). Nuclear And
Electromagnetic Energies Are Unrelated To Simple Mechanical Motion.
7. What Is The Removal Of An Electron From An Atom Called?
A. Ionization
B. Pair Production
C. Irradiation
D. Electricity
ANS: A
The Removal Of An Electron From An Atom Is Called Ionization.
Ionization Occurs When Sufficient Energy Is Imparted To An Atom To Eject An
Electron, Leaving Behind An Ion. Pair Production Is A Different Process Involving
