ytrewdsa
SOLUTION MANUAL FOR
Statistics for Nursing Research: A Workbook for Evidence-Based Practice 3rd Edition by Susan K.
Grove
FULL TEST BANK!!!
ytrew
, ytrewdsa
Answer Guidelines for Questions to Be Graded
EXERCISE
Identifying Levels of
Measurement: Nominal,
Ordinal, Interval, and Ratio
1
אני מתמחה במתן מאגרי מבחנים. שבה מצוינות פוגשת נוחות במסע האקדמי שלכם,ברוכים הבאים לחנות הסטוביה שלי
מכסה את כל הנושאים, כל מאגר מבחנים הוא מקיף. שנוצרו בקפידה כדי לעזור לכם להצליח בבחינות,איכותיים במיוחד
The questions are in bold followed by answers.
.ברירה ותרחישי תרגול שמשקפים תנאי בחינה אמיתיים- שאלות רב,המרכזיים עם הסברים מפורטים
עדכניים בתוכנית1.שינויים
In Tableלשקף קבוע כדי
1, identify theבאופן
levelמעודכנים , אמיניםfor
of measurement מחומרים נלקחיםtherapy
the current שלי? הם המבחנים
variable. במאגריa לבחור
Provide
תמצאו,דיסציפלינה אחרת
rationaleכלfor
אוyour
הנדסה , עסקים, בין אם אתם לומדים סיעוד. ומעוצבים על ידי מומחים בתחום,הלימודים
answer.
.הביטחון והביצועים שלכם
Answer: The current therapyמותאמים
את שמעלים אישית variable משאבים
was measured at the nominal level. These drug categories
הצעד הראשון להצלחה wereאת היום ועשו
probably באוסף שלי
developed גלשו.תוצאות
to be exhaustive שמביאה
for this study באיכות השקיעו
and included the .בינוניים
categoriesלימוד בכליthe
of drugs תסתפקו
) מילים941( . ההכנה לבחינות מעולם לא הייתה קלה יותר, עם הורדות מיידיות ומחירים נוחים.אקדמית
subjects were receiving. However, the categories are not exclusive, since patients are usually on
Իմ Stuvia խանութի նկարագրություն (Հայերեն)of these drugs to manage their health problems. The current therapies
more than one category
Բարի գալուստ իմ Stuvia խանութը,
are not measured որտեղ գերազանցությունը
at the հանդիպում
ordinal level because է հարմարավետության
they cannot be rank ordered, since no drug category
can be considered more or less beneficial than another drug category (see Figure 1-1; Grove &
ակադեմիական ճանապարհորդության ժամանակ: Ես մասնագիտացած եմ բարձրորակ թեստային բանկերի
Gray, 2019).
տրամադրումում, որոնք մանրակրկիտ ստեղծված են ձեզ օգնելու հաջողության հասնել Ձեր
քննություններում: 2.
Յուրաքանչյուր
What is the թեստային
mode forբանկը համապարփակ
the current therapyէ, variable
ընդգրկումinէ this
բոլորstudy?
հիմնական
Provide a rationale for
թեմաները՝ մանրամասն բացատրություններով,
your answer. բազմակի ընտրության հարցերով և պրակտիկ
սցենարներով, որոնք արտացոլում
Answer: Theեն իրական
mode քննության
for current պայմանները:
therapy was β blocker. A total of 100 (94%) of the cardiac patients
Ինչու ընտրել իմ թեստային բանկերը: Դրանք
were receiving վերցվածofենdrug,
this category վստահելի
whichնյութերից,
was the կանոնավոր
most common թարմացվում
prescribed drug for this
են՝ արտացոլելով վերջին հանրագրչական փոփոխությունները, և նախագծված են ոլորտի փորձագետների
sample.
կողմից: Թեև սովորում եք հաշմանդամի, բիզնեսի, ինժեներության կամ այլ մասնագիտության, կգտնեք
անհատականացված3.ռեսուրսներ, որոնքwere
What statistics բարձրացնում
conducted են ձեր վստահությունը
to describe the BMI և արդյունքները:
of the cardiac patients in this sample?
Discuss whether these analysis techniques were
Մի բավարարվեք սովորական ուսումնական օգնականներով: Ներդրեք որակի մեջ, որը բերում appropriate or inappropriate.
է
Answer: BMI was described with a mean and standard deviation (SD). BMI measurement resulted
արդյունքներ: Այսօր զննեք իմ հավաքածուն և քայլեք առաջին քայլը դեպի ակադեմիական հաջողություն:
in ratio-level data with continuous values and an absolute zero (Stone & Frazier, 2017). Ratio-
Անմիջական ներբեռնումներով
level dataևshould
մատչելի beգներով
analyzed քննությունների պատրաստությու
with parametric statistics such as the mean and SD (Grove & Gray,
2017; Knapp, 2017).
4. Researchers used the following item to measure registered nurses’ (RNs) income in a study:
What category identifies your current income as an RN?
a. Less than $50,000
b. $50,000 to 59,999
c. $60,000 to 69,999
d. $70,000 to 80,000
e. $80,000 or greater
What level of measurement is this income variable? Does the income variable follow the
rules outlined in Figure 1-1? Provide a rationale for your answer.
Answer: In this example, the income variable is measured at the ordinal level. The income catego-
ries are exhaustive, ranging from less than $50,000 to greater than $80,000. The two open-ended
ytrew
, ytrewdsa
1-1
AG 1-2 Answer Guidelines for Questions to Be Graded
categories ensure that all salary levels are covered. The categories are not exclusive, since catego-
ries (d) and (e) include an $80,000 salary, so study participants making $80,000 might mark
either (d) or (e) or both categories, resulting in erroneous data. Category (e) could be changed
to greater than $80,000, making the categories exclusive. The categories can be rank ordered
from the lowest salary to the highest salary, which is consistent with ordinal data (Grove &
Gray, 2019; Waltz et al., 2017).
5. What level of measurement is the CDS score? Provide a rationale for your answer.
Answer: The CDS score is at the interval level of measurement. The CDS is a 26-item Likert
scale developed to measure depression in cardiac patients. Study participants rated their symp-
toms on a scale of 1 to 7, with higher numbers indicating increased severity in the depression
symptoms. The total scores for each subject obtained from this multi-item scale are considered
to be at the interval level of measurement (Gray et al., 2017; Waltz et al., 2017).
6. Were nonparametric or parametric analysis techniques used to analyze the CDS scores for
the cardiac patients in this study? Provide a rationale for your answer.
Answer: Parametric statistics, such as mean and SD, were conducted to describe CDS scores
for study participants (see Table 1). CDS scores are interval-level data as indicated in Questions 5,
so parametric statistics are appropriate for this level of data (Gray et al., 2017; Kim & Mallory,
2017).
7. Is the prevalence of depression linked to the NYHA class? Discuss the clinical importance
of this result.
Answer: The study narrative indicated that the prevalence of depression increased with the
greater NYHA class. In NYHA class III, 64% of the subjects were depressed, whereas 11% of the
subjects were depressed in NYHA class I. Thus, as the NYHA class increased, the number of sub-
jects with depression increased. This is an expected finding because as the NYHA class increases,
cardiac patients have more severe physical symptoms, which usually result in emotional distress,
such as depression. Nurses need to actively assess cardiac patients for depression, especially those
in higher NYHA classes, so they might be diagnosed and treated as needed.
8. What frequency and percent of cardiac patients in this study were not being treated with
an antidepressant? Show your calculations and round your answer to the nearest whole
percent (%).
Answer: A total of 106 cardiac patients participated in this study. The sample included
15 patients who were receiving an antidepressant (see Table 1). The number of cardiac
patients not treated for depression was 91 (106 – 15 = 91). The group percent is calculated
by the following formula: (group frequency ÷ total sample size) × 100%. For this study,
(91 patients ÷ 106 sample size) × 100% = 0.858 × 100% = 85.8% = 86%. The final
answer is rounded to the nearest whole percent as directed in the question. You could have
also subtracted the 14% of patients treated with antidepressants from 100% and obtained the
86% who were not treated with an antidepressant.
9. What was the purpose of the 6-minute walk test (6MWT)? Would the 6MWT be useful in
clinical practice?
Answer: Ha et al. (2018) stated, “The 6-min walk test (6MWT) is a measure of the submaximal,
steady-state functional capacity” of cardiac patients. This test would be a quick, easy way to
determine a cardiac patient’s functional status in a clinical setting. This functional status
score could be used to determine the treatment plan to promote or maintain functional status
of cardiac patients.
ytrew
, ytrewdsa
Answer Guidelines for Questions to Be Graded AG 1-3
10. How was exercise confidence measured in this study? What was the level of measurement
for the exercise confidence variable in this study? Provide a rationale for your answer.
Answer: Exercise confidence of the patients with heart failure (HF) in this study was measured
with the Exercise Confidence Scale that included four subscales focused on walking, climbing,
lifting objects of graded weight, and running (see the study narrative). This was a rating scale
with values ranging from 0 to 100. The patients’ scores for the Total Exercise Confidence scale
and the subscales were considered interval-level data and analyzed with parametric statistics,
such as means and SDs (see the study narrative; Waltz et al., 2017).
ytrew
SOLUTION MANUAL FOR
Statistics for Nursing Research: A Workbook for Evidence-Based Practice 3rd Edition by Susan K.
Grove
FULL TEST BANK!!!
ytrew
, ytrewdsa
Answer Guidelines for Questions to Be Graded
EXERCISE
Identifying Levels of
Measurement: Nominal,
Ordinal, Interval, and Ratio
1
אני מתמחה במתן מאגרי מבחנים. שבה מצוינות פוגשת נוחות במסע האקדמי שלכם,ברוכים הבאים לחנות הסטוביה שלי
מכסה את כל הנושאים, כל מאגר מבחנים הוא מקיף. שנוצרו בקפידה כדי לעזור לכם להצליח בבחינות,איכותיים במיוחד
The questions are in bold followed by answers.
.ברירה ותרחישי תרגול שמשקפים תנאי בחינה אמיתיים- שאלות רב,המרכזיים עם הסברים מפורטים
עדכניים בתוכנית1.שינויים
In Tableלשקף קבוע כדי
1, identify theבאופן
levelמעודכנים , אמיניםfor
of measurement מחומרים נלקחיםtherapy
the current שלי? הם המבחנים
variable. במאגריa לבחור
Provide
תמצאו,דיסציפלינה אחרת
rationaleכלfor
אוyour
הנדסה , עסקים, בין אם אתם לומדים סיעוד. ומעוצבים על ידי מומחים בתחום,הלימודים
answer.
.הביטחון והביצועים שלכם
Answer: The current therapyמותאמים
את שמעלים אישית variable משאבים
was measured at the nominal level. These drug categories
הצעד הראשון להצלחה wereאת היום ועשו
probably באוסף שלי
developed גלשו.תוצאות
to be exhaustive שמביאה
for this study באיכות השקיעו
and included the .בינוניים
categoriesלימוד בכליthe
of drugs תסתפקו
) מילים941( . ההכנה לבחינות מעולם לא הייתה קלה יותר, עם הורדות מיידיות ומחירים נוחים.אקדמית
subjects were receiving. However, the categories are not exclusive, since patients are usually on
Իմ Stuvia խանութի նկարագրություն (Հայերեն)of these drugs to manage their health problems. The current therapies
more than one category
Բարի գալուստ իմ Stuvia խանութը,
are not measured որտեղ գերազանցությունը
at the հանդիպում
ordinal level because է հարմարավետության
they cannot be rank ordered, since no drug category
can be considered more or less beneficial than another drug category (see Figure 1-1; Grove &
ակադեմիական ճանապարհորդության ժամանակ: Ես մասնագիտացած եմ բարձրորակ թեստային բանկերի
Gray, 2019).
տրամադրումում, որոնք մանրակրկիտ ստեղծված են ձեզ օգնելու հաջողության հասնել Ձեր
քննություններում: 2.
Յուրաքանչյուր
What is the թեստային
mode forբանկը համապարփակ
the current therapyէ, variable
ընդգրկումinէ this
բոլորstudy?
հիմնական
Provide a rationale for
թեմաները՝ մանրամասն բացատրություններով,
your answer. բազմակի ընտրության հարցերով և պրակտիկ
սցենարներով, որոնք արտացոլում
Answer: Theեն իրական
mode քննության
for current պայմանները:
therapy was β blocker. A total of 100 (94%) of the cardiac patients
Ինչու ընտրել իմ թեստային բանկերը: Դրանք
were receiving վերցվածofենdrug,
this category վստահելի
whichնյութերից,
was the կանոնավոր
most common թարմացվում
prescribed drug for this
են՝ արտացոլելով վերջին հանրագրչական փոփոխությունները, և նախագծված են ոլորտի փորձագետների
sample.
կողմից: Թեև սովորում եք հաշմանդամի, բիզնեսի, ինժեներության կամ այլ մասնագիտության, կգտնեք
անհատականացված3.ռեսուրսներ, որոնքwere
What statistics բարձրացնում
conducted են ձեր վստահությունը
to describe the BMI և արդյունքները:
of the cardiac patients in this sample?
Discuss whether these analysis techniques were
Մի բավարարվեք սովորական ուսումնական օգնականներով: Ներդրեք որակի մեջ, որը բերում appropriate or inappropriate.
է
Answer: BMI was described with a mean and standard deviation (SD). BMI measurement resulted
արդյունքներ: Այսօր զննեք իմ հավաքածուն և քայլեք առաջին քայլը դեպի ակադեմիական հաջողություն:
in ratio-level data with continuous values and an absolute zero (Stone & Frazier, 2017). Ratio-
Անմիջական ներբեռնումներով
level dataևshould
մատչելի beգներով
analyzed քննությունների պատրաստությու
with parametric statistics such as the mean and SD (Grove & Gray,
2017; Knapp, 2017).
4. Researchers used the following item to measure registered nurses’ (RNs) income in a study:
What category identifies your current income as an RN?
a. Less than $50,000
b. $50,000 to 59,999
c. $60,000 to 69,999
d. $70,000 to 80,000
e. $80,000 or greater
What level of measurement is this income variable? Does the income variable follow the
rules outlined in Figure 1-1? Provide a rationale for your answer.
Answer: In this example, the income variable is measured at the ordinal level. The income catego-
ries are exhaustive, ranging from less than $50,000 to greater than $80,000. The two open-ended
ytrew
, ytrewdsa
1-1
AG 1-2 Answer Guidelines for Questions to Be Graded
categories ensure that all salary levels are covered. The categories are not exclusive, since catego-
ries (d) and (e) include an $80,000 salary, so study participants making $80,000 might mark
either (d) or (e) or both categories, resulting in erroneous data. Category (e) could be changed
to greater than $80,000, making the categories exclusive. The categories can be rank ordered
from the lowest salary to the highest salary, which is consistent with ordinal data (Grove &
Gray, 2019; Waltz et al., 2017).
5. What level of measurement is the CDS score? Provide a rationale for your answer.
Answer: The CDS score is at the interval level of measurement. The CDS is a 26-item Likert
scale developed to measure depression in cardiac patients. Study participants rated their symp-
toms on a scale of 1 to 7, with higher numbers indicating increased severity in the depression
symptoms. The total scores for each subject obtained from this multi-item scale are considered
to be at the interval level of measurement (Gray et al., 2017; Waltz et al., 2017).
6. Were nonparametric or parametric analysis techniques used to analyze the CDS scores for
the cardiac patients in this study? Provide a rationale for your answer.
Answer: Parametric statistics, such as mean and SD, were conducted to describe CDS scores
for study participants (see Table 1). CDS scores are interval-level data as indicated in Questions 5,
so parametric statistics are appropriate for this level of data (Gray et al., 2017; Kim & Mallory,
2017).
7. Is the prevalence of depression linked to the NYHA class? Discuss the clinical importance
of this result.
Answer: The study narrative indicated that the prevalence of depression increased with the
greater NYHA class. In NYHA class III, 64% of the subjects were depressed, whereas 11% of the
subjects were depressed in NYHA class I. Thus, as the NYHA class increased, the number of sub-
jects with depression increased. This is an expected finding because as the NYHA class increases,
cardiac patients have more severe physical symptoms, which usually result in emotional distress,
such as depression. Nurses need to actively assess cardiac patients for depression, especially those
in higher NYHA classes, so they might be diagnosed and treated as needed.
8. What frequency and percent of cardiac patients in this study were not being treated with
an antidepressant? Show your calculations and round your answer to the nearest whole
percent (%).
Answer: A total of 106 cardiac patients participated in this study. The sample included
15 patients who were receiving an antidepressant (see Table 1). The number of cardiac
patients not treated for depression was 91 (106 – 15 = 91). The group percent is calculated
by the following formula: (group frequency ÷ total sample size) × 100%. For this study,
(91 patients ÷ 106 sample size) × 100% = 0.858 × 100% = 85.8% = 86%. The final
answer is rounded to the nearest whole percent as directed in the question. You could have
also subtracted the 14% of patients treated with antidepressants from 100% and obtained the
86% who were not treated with an antidepressant.
9. What was the purpose of the 6-minute walk test (6MWT)? Would the 6MWT be useful in
clinical practice?
Answer: Ha et al. (2018) stated, “The 6-min walk test (6MWT) is a measure of the submaximal,
steady-state functional capacity” of cardiac patients. This test would be a quick, easy way to
determine a cardiac patient’s functional status in a clinical setting. This functional status
score could be used to determine the treatment plan to promote or maintain functional status
of cardiac patients.
ytrew
, ytrewdsa
Answer Guidelines for Questions to Be Graded AG 1-3
10. How was exercise confidence measured in this study? What was the level of measurement
for the exercise confidence variable in this study? Provide a rationale for your answer.
Answer: Exercise confidence of the patients with heart failure (HF) in this study was measured
with the Exercise Confidence Scale that included four subscales focused on walking, climbing,
lifting objects of graded weight, and running (see the study narrative). This was a rating scale
with values ranging from 0 to 100. The patients’ scores for the Total Exercise Confidence scale
and the subscales were considered interval-level data and analyzed with parametric statistics,
such as means and SDs (see the study narrative; Waltz et al., 2017).
ytrew
